Prosymna angolensis BOULENGER, 1915

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Higher Taxa	Prosymnidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Angolan Shovel-snout snake Portuguese: Cobra-de-focinho-de-pá-de- Angola
Synonym	Prosymna angolensis BOULENGER 1915: 208 Prosymna angolensis — LOVERIDGE 1958: 149 Prosymna angolensis — AUERBACH 1987: 178 Prosymna angolensis — MARAIS 2004 Prosymna angolensis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 579 Prosymna angolensis — CONRADIE et al. 2021 Prosymna frontalis — BOCAGE 1873: 218 Prosymna frontalis — BOCAGE 1882: 288 Prosymna frontalis — BOCAGE 1895: 98 Prosymna frontalis — BOULENGER 1894: 248 Prosymna frontalis — BOULENGER 1896: 641 Prosymna ambigua — MONARD 1931: 104 Prosymna ambigua — MONARD 1937: 123 Prosymna ambigua — MERTENS 1937: 13. Prosymna ambigua ambigua — MERTENS 1938: 439 Prosymna ambigua ambigua — LOVERIDGE 1958: 151 Prosymna angolensis — BOULENGER 1915: 208 Prosymna angolensis — CHABANAUD 1916: 439 Prosymna angolensis — MONARD 1937: 114 Prosymna angolensis — BOGERT 1940: 59 Prosymna angolensis — MERTENS 1955: 94 Prosymna angolensis — MERTENS 1971: 86 Prosymna angolensis — HELLMICH 1957: 66 Prosymna angolensis — LOVERIDGE 1958: 149 Prosymna angolensis — FITZSIMONS 1962: 161 Prosymna angolensis — FITZSIMONS 1966: 53 Prosymna angolensis — FITZSIMONS 1970: 104 Prosymna angolensis — PIETERSEN et al. 2021
Distribution	NC and NE Namibia, WC Angola, Zambia, N Botswana, NW Zimbabwe Type locality: none given by BOULENGER; designated as “Huila, 15°5' S, 13°30' E, Angola” by LOVERIDGE 1958.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Neotype, NMW 19275b, a 182 mm male, designated by Broadley, 1980: 497. Additional specimens: MBL, NMW, CHL, USBN, MCZ, SAM, SMF, UM, NMZB, CAS.
Diagnosis	Additional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1464 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details.
Comment	Synonymy: mostly after Conradie et al. 2022, who have even more chresnomys and the pertinent references. Apparently not listed in the Zoological Record of 1915-1916.
Etymology	Named after its distribution in Angola.
References	Auerbach, R.D. 1987. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Botswana. Mokwepa Consultants, Botswana, 295 pp. Baptista NL, António T, Branch WR. 2019. The herpetofauna of Bicuar National Park and surroundings, southwestern Angola: a preliminary checklist. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13(2) [Special Section]: 96–130 (e203) - get paper here Boulenger, G. A. 1915. A list of the snakes of the Belgian and Portuguese Congo, northern Rhodesia, and Angola. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1915: 193-223 - get paper here Broadley, D. & Blaylock 2013. The Snakes of Zimbabwe and Botswana. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 387 pp. [book review in Sauria 35 (2): 59 and Copeia 2014: 388] - get paper here Broadley, D.G. 1980. A Revision of the African snake genus Prosymna Gray (Colubridae). Occ.Pap.natl.Mus.Rhod. 6 (7): 481-556 Broadley, D.G. 1980. A revision of the African snake genus Prosymna Gray. Bull. Mus. natl. Hist. nat., Paris 22: 362-382 Broadley, D.G. 1995. Geographical Distribution - Prosymna angolensis. African Herp News (23): 48-48 - get paper here Broadley, D.G.; Doria, C.T. & Wigge, J. 2003. Snakes of Zambia. An Atlas and Field Guide. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 280 pp. [review in Sauria 26 (3): 21] Chippaux, Jean-Philippe & Kate Jackson 2019. Snakes of Central and Western Africa. Johns Hopkins University Press, 448 pp. [detaileld review in HR 51 (1): 161] - get paper here Conradie W and Branch WR. 2016. The herpetofauna of the Cubango, Cuito, and lower Cuando river catchments of south-eastern Angola. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 10 (2) [Special Section]: 6–36 - get paper here Conradie W, Keates C, Baptista NL, Lobón-Rovira J 2022. Taxonomical review of Prosymna angolensis Boulenger, 1915 (Elapoidea, Prosymnidae) with the description of two new species. ZooKeys 1121: 97-143 - get paper here CONRADIE, WERNER; NINDA L. BAPTISTA, LUKE VERBURGT, CHAD KEATES, JAMES HARVEY, TIMOTEO JULIO & GOTZ NEEF. 2021. Contributions to the herpetofauna of the Angolan Okavango-Cuando-Zambezi river drainages. Part 1: Serpentes (snakes). Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 15(2): 244–278. - get paper here Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248 Herrmann, H.-W.; W.R. Branch 2013. Fifty years of herpetological research in the Namib Desert and Namibia with an updated and annotated species checklist. Journal of Arid Environments 93: 94–115 - get paper here Loveridge,A. 1958. Revision of five african snake genera. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 119: 1-198 (141) - get paper here Marais, J. 2004. A Complete Guide to the Snakes of Southern Africa, 2nd ed. Struik Publishers, 312 pp. Marques, Mariana P.; Luis M. P. Ceríaco , David C. Blackburn , and Aaron M. Bauer 2018. Diversity and Distribution of the Amphibians and Terrestrial Reptiles of Angola -- Atlas of Historical and Bibliographic Records (1840–2017). Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (Ser. 4) 65: 1-501 (Supplement II) Pietersen, Darren, Verburgt, Luke & Davies, John 2021. Snakes and other reptiles of Zambia and Malawi. Struik Nature / Penguin Random House South Africa, 376 pp., ISBN 9781775847373 Trape, J.-F. 2023. Guide des serpents d’Afrique occidentale, centrale et d’Afrique du Nord. IRD Éditions, Marseille, 896 pp. Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information Google images

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