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Psammophis lineolatus (BRANDT, 1838)

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Higher TaxaPsammophiidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Steppe Ribbon Racer
Chinese: 花条蛇 
SynonymColuber (Taphrometopon) lineolatus BRANDT 1838: 243
Coluber caspius LICHTENSTEIN 1823
Chorisodon Sibericum DUMERIL & BIBRON 1854: 902(fide PETERS 1861: 483)
Taphrometopon lineolatum — BOULENGER 1896: 151
Taphrometopon lineolatum — NIKOLSKY 1908: 343
Psammophis triticeus WALL 1912 (fide SMITH 1943)
Taphrometopon lineolatum — RENDAHL 1933: 30
Taphrometopon lineolatum — SCHMIDT 1939
Psammophis lineolatus — SMITH 1943: 367
Psammophis lineolatum — FRYNTA et al. 1997
Taphrometopon lineolatum — WALLACH et al. 2014: 695 
DistributionEast shore of Caspian Sea to S/E Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan,
Mongolia, NW China (Gansu, Ningxia, Xinjiang)

Type locality: Transcaspia, also given as “M. Caspium” (Caspian Sea); restricted to the Mangystau Region of the Kazakhstan: Ungoza Mountain south of Sarytash Gulf, Mangystau (Mangyshlak) Penninsula (44°26´ N, 51°12´ E) by Doronin et al. 2020.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ZISP (ZIL) 2042, a 584 mm specimen (Karéline, 1837). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Nasal scale completely divided; Fourth, fifth and sixth upper labials touching eye; scale rows at midbody 15 – 16; ventrals 180; subcaudals 81; anal divided; carnivorous. (Baig et al. 2008)


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CommentSynonymy: see note in Zhao & Adler on the use of the name Coluber caspius. WALLACH et al 2014: 694 recognized Taphrometopon as valid genus (with 6 species) citing ZAHER et al. 2012 who actually do not mention the genus (although they do include some of its species in their phylogenetic tree).

Distribution: Has been erroneously (?) reported from India. For a map see Sindaco et al. 2013.

Type species: Coluber (Taphrometopon) lineolatus BRANDT 1836 is the type species of the genus Taphrometopon BRANDT 1838. 
References
  • Akhmedenov K. M., Bakiev A. G. 2021. The Steppe Ribbon Racer Psammophis lineolatus (Brandt, 1838) (Serpentes: Lamprophiidae) in Mangistau and Atyrau oblasts from the Republic of Kazakhstan. [in Russian] Proc. Inst. Zool., Kazakhstan, pp. 29-36 - get paper here
  • Anderson, S. C. & A. E. Leviton 1969. Amphibians and reptiles collected by the Street expedition to Afghanistan, 1965. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 37: 25-56 - get paper here
  • Baig, KJ, Masroor, R., and Arshad, M. 2008. Biodiversity and ecology of the herpetofauna of Cholistan Desert, Pakistan. Russ. J. Herpetol. 15 (3): 193-205 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1896. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum, Vol. 3. London (Taylor & Francis), xiv + 727 pp. - get paper here
  • Brandt, Johann F. 1838. Note sur quatre nouvelles especes de serpents de la cote occidentale de la mer Caspienne et la Perse septentrionale, decouvertes par M. Kareline. Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersburg 3: 241-244 [1836?] - get paper here
  • CHEN, M., LIU, J., CAI, B., LI, J., WU, N., & GUO, X. 2021. A new species of Psammophis (Serpentes: Psammophiidae) from the Turpan Basin in northwest China. Zootaxa 4974 (1): 116-134 - get paper here
  • CHEN, Minli; Jinlong LIU, Jun LI , Na WU, and Xianguang GUO 2021. Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Steppe Ribbon Racer (Psammophis lineolatus): The First Representative from the Snake Family Psammophiidae and its Phylogenetic Implications. Asian Herpetological Research 12 (3): 295－307 - get paper here
  • CHIRIKOVA, M. A., Y. A. ZIMA, M. V. PESTOV, AND V. A. TERENTYEV 2020. Biodiversity of the Herpetofauna of the Muyunkum Desert, Kazakhstan. Herpetological Review 51: 438-446.
  • Davletbakov, A. T.; L. A. Kustareva, D. A. Milko, A. N. Ostastshenko, S. S. Sagymbaev, S. A. Toropov, N. V. Trotchenko 2015. Genetical Fund Cadastre of Kyrgyz Republic. Vol. IV. Phylum Chordata (chordates). Bishkek, 128 p. + XXXVI color tables - get paper here
  • Doronin I.V. 2016. A new record of the Steppe ribbon racer, Psammophis lineolatus (Brandt, 1836) (Serpentes: Lamprophiidae) in the Caucasus. [in Russian] Current Studies in Herpetology 16 (3/4): 161 – 163 - get paper here
  • Doronin I.V., Dujsebayeva T.N., Akhmedenov K.M., Bakiev A.G., Plakhov K.N. 2020. On the type locality of the Steppe Ribbon Racer, Psammophis lineolatus (Brandt, 1838) (Serpentes: Lamprophiidae) [in Russian with English abstract] Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 324 (2): 262–272 - get paper here
  • Dujsebayeva, T. N. (ed.) 2010. Short review of last changes in the checklist of amphibians and reptiles of Kazakhstan. [in Russian]. In: Dujsebayeva, T. N. (ed.) Herpetological Researches in Kazakhstan and adjacent countries, p. 37-52
  • Duméril, A. M. C., Bibron, G. & DUMÉRIL, A. H. A., 1854. Erpétologie générale ou histoire naturelle complète des reptiles. Tome septième. Deuxième partie, comprenant l'histoire des serpents venimeux. Paris, Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret: i-xii + 781-1536 - get paper here
  • Dunaev E.A., Orlova V.F. 2003. Diversity of snakes (on the materials of the exposition of the Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University). Moscow: Moscow State University Press, 376 pp
  • Frynta,D. et al. 1997. Results of the Czech biological expedition to Iran. Part 1. Notes on the distribution of amphibians and reptiles. Acta Soc. Zool. Bohem. 61: 3-17
  • Kamali, Kamran 2020. A Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Iran. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany (www.chimaira.de). 574 pp.
  • Khan, M.S. 1986. A noteworthy collection of Amphibians and reptiles from North- Western Punjab, Pakistan. The Snake 18: 118-125
  • Lambert, M.R.K. 2002. Preliminary observations on herpetofaunal diversity in the Almaty region, Southern Kazakhstan (September 1998). Herpetological Bulletin (79): 7-13 - get paper here
  • Macey, J. Robert;Papenfuss, Theodore J.;Zhao, Ermi 1988. The snakes of Ningxia Hui autonomous region as an indication of a herpetofaunal corridor. Chinese Herpetological Research 2 (1): 4-5
  • Martin T, Guillemin M, Nivet-Mazerolles V, Landsmann C, Dubos J, Eudeline R, and Stroud J. 2017. The herpetofauna of central Uzbekistan. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 11(1) [General Section]: 93–107 - get paper here
  • Nikolsky, A. M. 1897. Les reptiles, amphibiens et poissons recueillis (part.) Mr. N. Zaroudny dans la Perse orientale [in Russian]. Annuaire Musée Zoologique de l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de St.-Pétersbourg 2: 306-348 - get paper here
  • Nikolsky, A. M. 1908. Matériaux pour l’herpétologie du turkestan russe. [in Russian] Annuaire du Musée Zoologique de l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de St. Pétersbourg 13: 336-344 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1861. Über Chorisodon sibiricum D. B. = Taphrometopon lineolarum Brandt. Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1860 (December): 774-775 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1861. On the Asiatic snake called Taphrometopon lineolatum by Professor Brandt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 7: 481-484 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1861. On the Asiatic snake called Taphrometopon lineolatum by Professor Brandt. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1861: 47-50 - get paper here
  • Rajabizadeh, M. 2018. Snakes of Iran. [in Farsi] Tehran: Iranshenasi, 496 pp. [2017 ?] - get paper here
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  • Rendahl, Hialmar 1933. Die Unterarten des Ancistrodon halys Pall. nebst elnigen Bemerkungen zur Herpetologie Zentralasiens. Arkiv för Zoologi 25 (8): 1-31
  • Schmidt,K.P. 1939. Reptiles and amphibians from Southwestern Asia. Publ. Field Mus. nat. Hist., zool. Ser., 24: 49-92 - get paper here
  • Shestopal A. A., Shcherbina A. A. 2024. Distribution of reptiles in Northwestern Turkmenistan. [in Russian] Current Studies in Herpetology 24 (1-2): 102 - get paper here
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  • Sindaco, R.; Alberto Venchi & Cristina Grieco 2013. The Reptiles of the Western Palearctic, Volume 2: Annotated Checklist and Distributional Atlas of the Snakes of Europe, North Africa, Middle East and Central Asia, with an Update to Volume 1. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 543 pp. - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. 3 (Serpentes). Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp.
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