You are here » home › advanced search › Pseudemys concinna

Pseudemys concinna (LE CONTE, 1830)

IUCN Red List - Pseudemys concinna - Least Concern, LC
iNaturalist logo

Can you confirm these amateur observations of Pseudemys concinna?

Add your own observation of
Pseudemys concinna »

Find more photos by Google images search: Google images

Higher TaxaEmydidae, Deirochelyinae, Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
SubspeciesPseudemys concinna concinna (LE CONTE 1830)
Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis CARR 1937 
Common NamesE: Eastern River Cooter
G: Fluss-Schmuckschildkröte, Hieroglyphen-Schmuckschildkröte
E: Florida Cooter [floridana]
G: Florida-Schmuckschildkröte [floridana]
E: Suwannee River Cooter [suwanniensis]
G: Suwannee-Schmuckschildkröte [suwanniensis]
S: Jicoteas de Río 
SynonymTestudo concinna LE CONTE 1830: 106
Emys Concinna — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1835: 289
Pseudemys concinna— GRAY 1855
Chrysemys concinna — BOULENGER 1889
Chrysemys concinna — FRITZ 1981
Pseudemys concinna — STEBBINS 1985: 102
Pseudemys concinna — CROTHER 2000
Pseudemys concinna — HANSEN & SHEDD 2025
Pseudemys concinna — TTWG 2025

Pseudemys concinna concinna (LE CONTE 1830)
Emys annulifera GRAY 1831
Emys hieroglyphica HOLBROOK 1836: 47
Emys mobilensis HOLBROOK 1838
Emys labyrinthica DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1851
Ptychemys hoyi AGASSIZ 1857 (fide REYNOLDS et al. 2007)
Ptychemys mobilensis — fide GRAY 1863: 176
Emys ventricosa — fide GRAY 1863: 176
Emys orthonyx WIED 1865: 23
Emys mobiliensis [sic] — GÜNTHER 1885: 5
Chrysemys mobilensis BOULENGER 1889 (nomen subst.)
Ptychemys mobiliensis [sic] — BAUR 1889
Chrysemys hieroglyphica— BOULENGER 1889
Ptychemys concinna — BAUR 1889
Pseudemys labyrinthica — BAUR 1893: 222
Pseudemys mobilensis — BAUR 1893: 224
Pseudemys elonae BRIMLEY 1928
Pseudemys vioscana BRIMLEY 1928 (fide REYNOLDS et al. 2007)
Pseudemys concinna concinna — STEJNEGER & BARBOUR 1939
Pseudemys concinna hieroglyphica — STEJNEGER & BARBOUR 1939
Pseudemys concinna mobilensis — STEJNEGER & BARBOUR 1939
Chrysemys concinna hieroglyphica — MCCOY 1975
Chrysemys concinna mobilensis — FRITZ & BIENERT 1981
Chrysemys floridana mobilensis — FRITZ 1981
Chrysemys concinna hieroglyphica — FRITZ & BIENERT 1981
Pseudemys concinna metteri WARD 1984: 34 (fide REYNOLDS et al. 2007)
Pseudemys concinna hieroglyphica — WARD 1984: 38
Pseudemys floridana hoyi — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 212
Pseudemys concinna hieroglyphica — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 67
Pseudemys concinna concinna — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 66
Pseudemys concinna hieroglyphica — MITCHELL & REAY 1999
Pseudemys concinna concinna — CROTHER 2000
Pseudemys concinna metteri — DIXON 2000
Pseudemys concinna metteri — OBST 2003: 16
Pseudemys concinna concinna — TTWG 2014
Pseudemys concinna concinna — SEIDEL & ERNST 2017
Pseudemys concinna concinna — TTWG 2021

Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis CARR 1937
Pseudemys suwanniensis CARR 1937
Pseudemys floridana suwanniensis CARR 1937
Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis — STEJNEGER & BARBOUR 1939
Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis — JACKSON & JACKSON 1969
Chrysemys concinna suwanniensis — FRITZ & BIENERT 1981
Chrysemys floridana suwanniensis — FRITZ 1981
Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis — WARD 1984: 39
Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 66
Pseudemys suwanniensis — SEIDEL 1994
Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis — JACKSON & WALKER 1997
Pseudemys suwanniensis — CROTHER 2000
Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis — OBST 2003: 16
Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis — JACKSON & JACKSON 2006
Pseudemys suwanniensis — ERNST & LOVICH 2009
Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis — RHODIN et al. 2010
Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis — CROTHER et al. 2012
Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis — TTWG 2014: 359
Pseudemys suwanniensis — THOMAS et al. 2015
Pseudemys suwanniensis — CROTHER et al. 2017
Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis — TTWG 2017
Pseudemys suwanniensis — SEIDEL & ERNST 2017
Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis — TTWG 2021 
DistributionUSA (Indiana, West Virginia, Ohio, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, E Oklahoma, Texas, SE New Mexico, SE Kansas, S Missouri, S Illinois, W Kentucky, W Tennessee, Florida)

concinna: USA (Indiana, West Virginia, Ohio, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, E Oklahoma, Texas, SE Kansas, S Missouri, S Illinois, W Kentucky, W Tennessee, Florida); Type locality: rivers of Georgia and Carolina; restricted by Schmidt (1953: 101) to the "vicinity of Columbia [Richland Co.], South Carolina" [USA]

mobilensis: USA (Texas); Type locality: Mobile, Alabama;

suwanniensis: USA (S Georgia, N Florida); Type locality: Suwannee River at Manatee Springs, Levy-Dixie County line, Florida.

Possibly introduced to Hong Kong (Mo 2019)
Introduced to California fide Hansen & Shedd 2024.  
Reproductionoviparous. Exhibits temperature‐dependent sex determination (TSD) fide Cornejo-Páramo et al. 2020 (and references therein). 
TypesLectotype: MNHN-RA 9172 (designated by R. Bour, pers. comm. cited in Iverson 1992: 192; see also Bour 2003); paralectotype: MNHN-RA 9171.
Holotype: UMMZ 81673 [suwanniensis]
Holotype: ANSP 242 [mobilensis]
Holotype: USNM 79631 [elonae]
Holotype: USNM 7173, female [metteri]
Holotype: USNM 79632 [Pseudemys vioscana]
Neotype: USNM 55516 [Ptychemys hoyi] 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 3801 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: mostly after Rhodin et al. (2010). P. c. hieroglyphica and P. c. mobilensis are considered synonymous by Iverson 1992. P. c. texana is considered as a valid species by several authors. Seidel (1994) demonstrated that P. c. hieroglyphica and P. c. metteri are not distinct and represent only clinal variation. Pseudemys floridana peninsularis is treated here as full species. FRITZ (1981) and Seidel (1994) placed floridana in the synonymy of concinna. CROTHER et al. 2017 lists suwanniensis as full species but the comment says that it should be treated as a subspecies of P. concinna.

Subspecies: Pseudemys concinna floridana is now considered as a valid species.

Diet: herbivorous.

Distribution: not listed for Nuevo Leon by Lemos-Espinal et al. 2016. See map in Seidel & Dreslik 1996.

Type species: Testudo concinna LE CONTE 1830: 106 is the type species of the genus Pseudemys GRAY 1856: 33.

The genus Pseudemys is genetically very poorly differentiated (Spinks et al. 2013). The interpretation most consistent with the genetic data is that Pseudemys has been oversplit. One working hypothesis is that the genetic diversity among Pseudemys may best be represented by three lineages, namely one taxon consisting of the westernmost populations of Pseudemys (currently P. texana plus P. gorzugi), a lineage in the Alabama-Coosa river and nearby drainages, extending east into peninsular Florida, and a lineage that covers most of the remaining range. Of the nine currently recognized taxa, at least one analysis could be construed as supporting the recognition of two members of the rubriventris group (P. alabamensis and P. rubiventris), and two of the concinna group (P. gorzugi and P. peninsularis). Seidel (1994) argued for eight species of Pseudemys based on his morphometric analysis. This view, although itself controversial (e.g., Jackson, 1995) is in strong contrast with the patterns found by Spinks et al. 2013.

Habitat: freshwater (lakes, ponds, rivers)

NCBI taxon ID: 1324784 [suwanniensis]

Conservation: Members of the genus Pseudemys belong to the most heavily traded reptile species in the US, with millions of animals exported every year (Mali et al. 2014). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin concinna meaning skillfully joined, neatly arranged; probably referring to the relatively smooth shell (Seidel & Ernst 2017).

P. c. mettleri was named in honor of Dean E. Metter, zoologist and mentor (of Joseph Ward, apparently).

P. c. suwanniensis was named after the Suwannee River.

The genus name means “false turtle, false Emys”, from Greek emys = tortoise, turtle. 
References
  • Adler,G.H.; Austin,C.C. & Dudley,R. 1995. Dispersal and speciation of skinks among archipelagos in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Evolutionary Ecology 9: 529-541 - get paper here
  • Akeret, B. 2009. Unter und über Wasser durch die Karstgewässer Floridas. Draco 10 (37): 24-29 - get paper here
  • Allen, Morrow J. 1932. A survey of the Amphibians and reptiles of Harrison County, Mississippi. American Museum Novitates (542): 1-20 - get paper here
  • Aresco, M.J. & J.L. Dobie 2000. Variation in Shell Arching and Sexual Size Dimorphism of River Cooters, Pseudemys concinna, from Two River Systems in Alabama Journal of Herpetology 34 (2): 313-317. - get paper here
  • Aresco, Matthew J. 2010. Competitive Interactions of Two Species of Freshwater Turtles, a Generalist Omnivore and an Herbivore, Under Low Resource Conditions. Herpetologica 66 (3): 259-268 - get paper here
  • Aresco, Matthew J.; Joseph Travis, and Pamela S. D. MacRae 2015. Trophic Interactions of Turtles in a North Florida Lake Food Web: Prevalence of Omnivory. Copeia 2015 (2): 343-356. - get paper here
  • Ballou, Ashley R., Anna C. Deyle and Dale R. Jackson. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis (Suwannee Cooter). Herpetological Review 47 (2): 253-254 - get paper here
  • Bartlett, R. D. & Bartlett, P. 1999. A Field Guide to Texas Reptiles and Amphibians. Gulf Publishing Co., Houston, Texas, 331 pp.
  • Baur, G. 1889. On Meiolania and some points in the oseology of the Testudinata: a reply to Mr. G.A. Boulenger. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 4: 37-46 - get paper here
  • Baur, G. 1893. Notes on the classification and taxonomy of the Testudinata. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 31: 210-225 - get paper here
  • Beane, J C 2019. New geographic distribution records for reptiles from North Carolina, USA. Herpetological Review 50 (3): 538-542 - get paper here
  • Belkin, D.A. 1964. Variations in Heart Rate during Voluntary Diving in the Turtle Pseudemys concinna Copeia 1964 (2): 321-330. - get paper here
  • Birkhead, Roger D. and Chelsea K. Ward. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna floridana (Coastal Plain cooter). Herpetological Review 46 (3): 382 - get paper here
  • Bogosian, Victor; Eric C. Hellgren, and Raymond W. Moody 2012. Assemblages of Amphibians, Reptiles, and Mammals on an Urban Military Base in Oklahoma. Southwestern Naturalist 57 (3): 277-284. - get paper here
  • Bour, R. 2003. Previously unrecognized original type specimens of American turtles collected by John Le Conte in 1828. Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 4 (3): 537
  • Bour, R. 2008. Global diversity of turtles (Chelonii; Reptilia) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595:593–598 - get paper here
  • BRAIS, A. O 2020. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (River Cooter). USA: Tennessee: Hickman Co. Herpetological Review 51: 270.
  • BRAIS, ANTHONY O. 2021. Geographic distribution: PSEUDEMYS CONCINNA (River Cooter). USA: TENNESSEE: Cheatham Co. Herpetological Review 52 (1): 81–82. - get paper here
  • Brown, Grover J., III. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (river cooter). Herpetological Review 46 (4): 566 - get paper here
  • Buhlmann, K.A. & M.R. Vaughan 1991. Ecology of the Turtle Pseudemys concinna in the New River, West Virginia Journal of Herpetology 25 (1): 72-78. - get paper here
  • Butterfield, Brian P., Joshua P. Kee, M. Rachel Hobgood and Eric A. Hughes. 2014. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (river cooter). Herpetological Review 45 (3): 460 - get paper here
  • Butterfield, Brian P., Lee J. Barton and T. J. Bivins. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (river cooter). Herpetological Review 46 (3): 382 - get paper here
  • Camper, Jeffrey D. 2019. The Reptiles of South Carolina. University of South Carolina Press, 288 pp. [review in Copeia 107 (3): 590, 2019] - get paper here
  • Carr, A.F. 1937. A new turtle from Florida, with notes on Pseudemys floridana mobiliensis (Holbrook). Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology University of Michigan, Number 348: 1-7 - get paper here
  • CASTEEL, JAMIE L.; JENNIFER F. MOORE, WILLIAM E. PINE III & GERALD R. JOHNSTON. 2022. Analysis of Methods to Estimate Abundance of River Cooters, Pseudemys concinna: An Example from the Santa Fe River, Florida. Ichthyology & Herpetology 110(2): 354–363. - get paper here
  • Chapin, Kenneth J. and Peter A. Meylan 2011. Turtle Populations at a Heavily Used Recreational Site: Ichetucknee Springs State Park, Columbia County, Florida. Herp. Cons. Biol. 6 (1): 51-60 - get paper here
  • Chessman, B. C. 2024. The conundrum of turtle and tortoise basking: A critical review. Journal of Zoology - get paper here
  • Collins J T 1991. Viewpoint: a new taxonomic arrangement for some North American amphibians and reptiles. Herpetological Review 22 (2): 42-43 - get paper here
  • Conant,R. & Collins,J.T. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern/Central North America, 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin (Boston/New York), xx + 450 p.
  • Cornejo-Páramo, P., Lira-Noriega, A., Ramírez-Suástegui, C. et al. 2020. Sex determination systems in reptiles are related to ambient temperature but not to the level of climatic fluctuation. BMC Evol Biol 20: 103 - get paper here
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.) 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. Herpetological Circular 39: 1-92
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.). 2017. Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with Comments Regarding Confidence in Our Understanding. 8th edition. SSAR Herpetological Circular 43: 1-104 - get paper here
  • Crump, Paul S.; Stirling J. Robertson, and Rachel E. Rommel-Crump 2016. High Incidence of Road-killed Freshwater Turtles at a Lake in East Texas, USA. Herp. Cons. Biol. 11 (1) - get paper here
  • Denzer, W. 1986. Die Herpetofauna Südfloridas, Teil 2: Die natürlichen Amphibien - und Reptilienpopulationen nearktischen Ursprungs. Sauria 8 (3): 23-26 - get paper here
  • Dixon, James R. 2000. Amphibians and reptiles of Texas, second edition. Texas A&M University Press, 421 pp.
  • Dreslik, Michael J. 1998. Ecology of the River Cooter, Pseudemys concinna, in a southern Illinois floodplain lake. Herpetological Natural History 5 (2): 135-145 [1997]
  • Duffus, Amanda L. J., Tiffany M. Ward and Michael J. Bender. 2014. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna floridana (coastal plain cooter). Herpetological Review 45 (1): 90 - get paper here
  • Duméril, A.H.A. 1852. Description des reptiles nouveaux ou imparfaitement connus de la collection du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, et remarques sur la classification et les charactéres des reptiles. Archives du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle. Paris, 6: 209-264. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A.M.C., and G. Bibron. 1835. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles, Vol. 2. Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris, iv + 680 p. - get paper here
  • Dundee, H.A., & Rossman, D.A. 1989. The amphibians and reptiles of Louisiana. Louisiana St. Univ. Press, Baton Rouge 300 pp.
  • Dundee, Harold A. 1994. Pseudemys concinna (cooter). Maximum size. Herpetological Review 25 (1): 25 - get paper here
  • Elmberg, J. 1980. Herpetological observations 77-78 [in Vernon county, Wisconsin]. Fältbiologerna Umea.
  • Elston, Jonathan; Virginie Rolland, and Stanley E. Trauth 2016. Urban Ditch Characteristics Associated with Turtle Abundance and Species Richness. Herp. Cons. Biol. 11 (1) - get paper here
  • Ernst, Carl H.; Lovich, Jeffrey E. 2009. Turtles of the United States and Canada, 2nd edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, 827 pp. - get paper here
  • Ernst,C.H. and Barbour,R.W. 1989. Turtles of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. - London
  • Fahey, K.M. 1980. A taxonomic study of the cooter turtles, Pseudemys floridana (Le Conte) and Pseudemys concinna (Le Conte), in the lower Red River, Atchafalaya River, and Mississippi River basins. Tulane Studies in Zoology 22: 49-66 - get paper here
  • Felix, Zach I. 2013. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (river cooter). Herpetological Review 44 (2): 272 - get paper here
  • Flaherty, James P., Michael C. Fulbright and C. M. Gienger. 2014. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (river cooter). Herpetological Review 45 (1): 90 - get paper here
  • Fox, James 2019. Pseudemys concinna concinna (Eastern River Cooter). Catesbeiana 39 (1): 34 - get paper here
  • FRANKLIN, CARL J.; VIVIANA RICARDEZ & SAL SCIBETTA. 2021. PSEUDEMYS CONCINNA (River Cooter). REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR. Herpetological Review 52 (2): 396–397. - get paper here
  • Fritz, U. 1981. Synonymie von Chrysemys concinna (LE CONTE 1830) mit Chrysemys floridana (LE CONTE 1830) mit Berücksichtigung von Chrysemys rubriventris (LE CONTE 1830), WERMUTH & MERTENS 1961. Herpetofauna 3 (11): 31-33 - get paper here
  • Fritz, U. & Bienert, H.-D. 1981. Übersicht über die neuweltliche Sumpfschildkrötengattung Chrysemys GRAY (Pseudemys GRAY = Synonym für Chrysemys GRAY). Herpetofauna 3 (10): 17-22 - get paper here
  • Frost, Darrel R.; Hillis, David M. 1990. Species concept and practice: herpetological applications. Herpetologica 46 (1): 87-104 - get paper here
  • Gerald R. Johnston, Joseph C. Mitchell, Georgia A. Shemitz, Peter L. Butt, and Jennifer M. Adler 2018. Origin and Structure of a Large Aggregation of Suwannee Cooters (Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis) in a Florida Spring. Chelonian Conservation and Biology Jun 2018, Vol. 17, No. 1: 54-62. - get paper here
  • Gibbons, J. Whitfield 2013. A Long-Term Perspective of Delayed Emergence (aka Overwintering) in Hatchling Turtles: Some They Do and Some They Don't, and Some You Just Can't Tell. Journal of Herpetology Jun 2013, Vol. 47, No. 2: 203-214. - get paper here
  • Gramentz, Dieter 2025. Zur Ekdysis exotischer Wasserschildkröten in Berlin. Sauria 47 (1): 42-45
  • Gray, J. E. 1863. Notes on American Emydidae, and Professor Agassiz’s observations on my Catalogue of them. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 12: 176-183 - get paper here
  • Gray,J.E. 1856. Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Testudinata (Tortoises). British Museum, London, 79 pp. [1855] - get paper here
  • Green, N.B., & Pauley, T.K. 1987. Amphibians and reptiles in West Virginia. Univ. of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, 241 pp.
  • Hansen, Robert and Jackson D. Shedd 2025. California Amphibians and Reptiles. Princeton University Press, 528 pp., ISBN<br />9780691249087 (ebook) - get paper here
  • HARALSON, LUCAS & LUKE PEARSON. 2021. Twenty-five County Records for Freshwater Turtles in Mississippi, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 592–593. - get paper here
  • HARALSON, LUCAS; LUKE PEARSON & GABRIELLE BERRY 2021. Multiple County Records for Freshwater Turtles in Mississippi, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (1): 99–100
  • Heinrich, G L & Walsh, T J; 2019. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis (Suwannee Cooter) USA: Florida: Sarasota Co. Herpetological Review 50 (1): 100-101 - get paper here
  • Heinrich, G. L. and T. J. Walsh 2016. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis (Suwannee Cooter). Herpetological Review 47(3): 422. - get paper here
  • Heinrich, G.L.; Walsh, T.J.; Doody, J.S. 2023. Geographic distribution: Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis (Suwannee Cooter). USA: Florida: Pinellas Co. Herpetological Review 54 (4): 595.
  • Heinrich, George L. and Walsh, Timothy J. 2017. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis (Suwannee Cooter). Herpetological Review 48 (1): 124 - get paper here
  • Heinrich, George L., Dale R. Jackson, Timothy J. Walsh, and David S. Lee. 2015. Southernmost occurrence of the Suwannee Cooter, Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis (Testudines: Emydidae). The Journal of North American Herpetology 2015(1):53-59 - get paper here
  • Heinrich, George; Timothy J. Walsh, Dale R. Jackson, J. Sean Doody 2021. Distribution and Status of the Suwannee Cooter, Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis, in the Alafia River (Hillsborough County, Florida, USA). Journal of North American Herpetology - get paper here
  • Hennig, A. S. 2015. Häufig gehaltene Wasserschildkrötenarten – eine Übersicht. Reptilia (Münster) 20 (116): 18-25 - get paper here
  • Hennig, A.S. 2003. Schmuckschildkröten aus Nordamerika. Draco 4 (13): 73-78 - get paper here
  • Hennig, A.S. 2004. Haltung von Wasserschildkröten. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 125 pp. - get paper here
  • Hennig, A.S. 2006. Nordamerikanische Wasserschildkröten im Freilandterrarium. Reptilia (Münster) 11 (61): 72-76 - get paper here
  • Hennig, Andreas S. 2012. Aquaterrarien – Beispiele aus der Praxis. Terraria-Elaphe 2012 (1): 32-34 - get paper here
  • Hibbitts, Troy D. and Terry L. Hibbitts 2016. Texas Turtles & Crocodilians: a Field Guide. University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas. xvi + 276 pp., 117 photos, 36 maps. ISBN 978-1477307779. - get paper here
  • Himes, John G. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna concinna (Eastern River Cooter). Herpetological Review 47 (2): 253 - get paper here
  • Holbrook, John E. 1836. North American Herpetology, Vol. 1 (1st ed.). J. Dobson, Philadelphia, 120 pp. - get paper here
  • Jackson and Walker 1997. Reproduction in the Suwannee cooter, Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 41(2): 69-167
  • Jackson, C.G., Jr. 1970. A Biometrical Study of Growth in Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis Copeia 1970 (3): 528-534. - get paper here
  • Jackson, Crawford G.; Jr., and Marguerite M. Jackson 1969. The egg and hatchling of the Suwannee terrapin. Quarterly J. Florida Acad. Sci. 31 (3): 199 - get paper here
  • Jackson, Dale R. 1995. Systematics of the Pseudemys concinna-floridana complex (Testudines: Emydidae): an alternative interpretation. Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 1 (4): 329-333
  • Jackson, Dale R. 1997. Geographic Distribution. Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis. Herpetological Review 28 (2): 94 - get paper here
  • JACKSON, DALE R. & JAMES C. GODWIN. 2021. PSEUDEMYS FLORIDANA (Coastal Plain Cooter) and PSEUDEMYS CONCINNA (River Cooter). PURPORTED SIZE RECORDS. Herpetological Review 52 (2): 397. - get paper here
  • Jackson, Dale R.; Ewert, Michael A. 1998. Geographic distribution. Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis. Herpetological Review 29 (3): 173-174 - get paper here
  • Jackson, G. Guyot and Dale R. Jackson. 2006. La Pseudémyde concinne de la Suwannee, Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis. Chéloniens 1: 38-43
  • Jensen, John B.; Carlos D. Camp, Whit Gibbons, & Matt J. Elliott 2008. Amphibians and reptiles of Georgia. University of Georgia Press, 575 pp.
  • JOHNSON, AARON C.; RYAN E. GLASFORD, MACKENZIE L. MCBRIDE, AMY K. SHOOK, JOSEPH B. GRIZZLE, ASHLEY N. TRIPLETT, … JOHN L. CARR. 2021. New Distribution Records for Turtles in Northern Louisiana, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 588–591. - get paper here
  • Jones D, Foshee B, Fitzgerald L 2021. A herpetological survey of Edith L. Moore Nature Sanctuary. Check List 17(1): 27-38 - get paper here
  • Kelley, Meghan D. and John W. Finger, Jr. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys floridana (Coastal Plain Cooter). Herpetological Review 47 (2): 254 - get paper here
  • Lagueux, C.J., K.A. Bjorndal, A.B. Bolten & C.L. Campbell 1995. Food Habits of Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis in a Florida Spring Journal of Herpetology 29 (1): 122-126. - get paper here
  • Le Conte, J. 1830. Description of the species of North American tortoises. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York 3 [1829]: 91-131. - get paper here
  • Lindeman, P V 2018. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (River Cooter). Herpetological Review 49 (3): 502 - get paper here
  • Lindeman, Peter V. 2014. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (river cooter). Herpetological Review 45 (2): 281 - get paper here
  • Lindeman, Peter V. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (River Cooter). Herpetological Review 47 (2): 253 - get paper here
  • Lindeman, Peter V. 2017. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (River Cooter). Herpetological Review 48 (1): 124 - get paper here
  • LINDEMAN, PETER V. 2021. Geographic distribution: PSEUDEMYS CONCINNA (River Cooter). USA: KENTUCKY: Webster Co. Herpetological Review 52 (1): 81. - get paper here
  • LINDEMAN, PETER V. 2021. Fifteen New County Records for River Turtles in the Ohio River Drainage of West Virginia, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (2): 362–363
  • Lönnberg, Einar 1894. Notes on reptiles and batrachians collected in Florida in 1892 and 1893. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 17 (1003): 317-339 - get paper here
  • Mali I, Vandewege MW, Davis SK, Forstner MRJ 2014. Magnitude of the Freshwater Turtle Exports from the US: Long Term Trends and Early Effects of Newly Implemented Harvest Management Regimes. PLoS One 9 (1): e86478. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086478 - get paper here
  • McCord, W.P., Joseph-Ouni, M. & Uhrig, D. 2005. Chelonian Illustrations # 23 - Red-bellied and River Cooters of North America. Reptilia (GB) (43): 79- - get paper here
  • McCoy, C. J. 1975. Notes on Oklahoma Reptiles. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Sciences 55: 53-54 - get paper here
  • McCoy, C. J.; Oscar A. Flores-Villela, Richard C. Vogt, Michael Pappas & J. Kelly McCoy 2020. Ecology of Riverine Turtle Communities in the Southern United States: Food Resource Use and Trophic Niche Dimensions Chelonian Conservation and Biology 19 (2): 197-208 - get paper here
  • Mitchell, J. C. & Reay, K.K. 1999. Atlas of amphibians and reptiles in Virginia. Specialty Publication 1, VA Dept of Game and Fisheries, 122 pp. - get paper here
  • Mitchell, J. C. and G. R. Johnston 2017. Pseudemys suwanniensis (Suwannee Cooter) Aural abscesses. Herpetological Review 48 (2): 428 - get paper here
  • Mitchell, J.C. 1994. The reptiles of Virginia. Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, ca. 350 pp.
  • Mitchell, Joseph C. and Gerald R. Johnston. 2016. Pseudemys suwanniensis (Suwannee Cooter) Kyphoscoliosis. Herpetological Review 47 (1): 127-128 - get paper here
  • Mo, Matthew 2019. Possible records of Yellow-bellied Sliders (Trachemys scripta scripta) or River Cooters (Pseudemys concinna) in Hong Kong. IRCF 26 (1): 51–53 - get paper here
  • MOLDOWAN, P. D 2020. Pseudemys concinna (River Cooter). Wounding, Conspecific Aggression, And Reproductive Behavior. Herpetological Review 51: 582-583.
  • Munscher, Eric C., Mike Farris, Chris Collins and Jordan Gray. 2014. Geographical Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (river cooter). Herpetological Review 45 (4): 657 - get paper here
  • Munscher, Eric, Madeline Morrison, Elizabeth M. Walton and Nicole Salvatico. 2016. Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis (Suwannee River Cooter) Behavior. Herpetological Review 47 (1): 127 - get paper here
  • Munscher, Eric; Andrew D. Walde, Elizabeth M. Walton, Nicole Salvatico, Brian P. Butterfield, Wayne Osborne, Collin McAvinchey, J. Brian Hauge 2017. Turtle survey of Weeki Wachee Springs State Park reveals more than mermaid. Herpetology Notes 10: 601-609 - get paper here
  • Obst, F.J. 2003. Sumpfschildkröten. Draco 4 (13): 4-18 - get paper here
  • Paden, L; Bauer, R G; Ondich, B L; Norton, T M; Alterman, A & Steen, D A; 2018. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (River Cooter). Herpetological Review 49 (4): 712 - get paper here
  • Paden, L; Ondich, B L; Norton, T M; Alterman, A & Steen, D A; 2018. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys floridana (Florida Cooter). Herpetological Review 49 (4): 712-713 - get paper here
  • Palmer, W.M. & Braswell, A.L. 1995. Reptiles of North Carolina. Univ. North Carolina Press
  • Pearson, Luke and Monday, Lori 2016. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna concinna (Eastern River Cooter). Herpetological Review 47 (4): 626 - get paper here
  • Pierson, T. & Thompson, D. 2012. Geographic distribution: Pseudemys concinna (river cooter). Herpetological Review 43: 616 - get paper here
  • POWELL, ALEXIS F. L. A.; MICHAEL S. MAHR, JENNIFER L. BUCHANAN, JUSTIN J. AUTZ & GREG SIEVERT 2021. New County and Drainage Records of Turtles in Waterways of Eastern Kansas, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 584–587. - get paper here
  • Reynolds, Robert P.; Steve W. Gotte, and Carl H. Ernst 2007. Catalog of Type Specimens of Recent Crocodilia and Testudines in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 626: 1-49 - get paper here
  • Rivera, Gabriel 2008. Ecomorphological variation in shell shape of the freshwater turtle Pseudemys concinna inhabiting different aquatic flow regimes. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 48 (6): 769–787 - get paper here
  • Roberts, Jackson, Folt, Brian and Jensen, John B. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (River Cooter). Herpetological Review 47 (4): 626 - get paper here
  • Sabin, Cameron R., Sr., Bagwell, Benjamin C., Mota, Joel, Newman, Jillian C. and Barrett, Kyle 2016. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (River Cooter). Herpetological Review 47 (4): 626 - get paper here
  • Schroth, N D; Gibson, L B & MIller, B T; 2019. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna (River Cooter) USA: Tennessee: Lawrence Co. Herpetological Review 50 (3): 523 - get paper here
  • Seidel M E; Dreslik M J 1996. Pseudemys concinna. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 626: 1-12 - get paper here
  • Seidel, M. E. 1994. Morphometric analysis and taxonomy of cooter and red-bellied turtles in the North American genus Pseudemys (Emydidae). Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 1 (2): 117-130
  • Seidel, Michael 1981. A taxonomic analysis of Pseudemyd turtles (Testudines: Emydidae) from the New River, and phenetic relationships in the subgenus Pseudemys. Brimleyana 6: 25-44 - get paper here
  • Seidel, Michael E. & Carl H. Ernst 2017. A Systematic Review of the Turtle Family Emydidae. Vertebrate Zoology 67 (1): 1–122 - get paper here
  • Seidel, Michael E.; and Palmer, William M 1991. Morphological variation in turtles of the genus Pseudemys (Testudines: Emydidae) from central Atlantic drainages. Brimleyana 17: 105-135 - get paper here
  • SELMAN, WILL; JOSEPH MCGEE, MARKS MCWHORTER & RYAN DUMAS. 2021. Thirty-three New County Records and Range Extensions for Herpetofauna of Mississippi, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (1): 102–106.
  • Spinks, Phillip Q.; Robert C. Thomson, Gregory B. Pauly, Catherine E. Newman, Genevieve Mount, H. Bradley Shaffer 2013. Misleading phylogenetic inferences based on single-exemplar sampling in the turtle genus Pseudemys. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 68 (2): 269-281 - get paper here
  • Stebbins,R.C. 1985. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, 2nd ed. Houghton Mifflin, Boston
  • Stejneger, L. 1938. Restitution of the name Ptychemys hoyi Agassiz for a western river turtle. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 51:173-176 - get paper here
  • Stevenson, D. J., Parker, J. & Wallace, M. P., Sr. 2012. Geographic distribution: Pseudemys concinna concinna (eastern river cooter). Herpetological Review 43: 442-443 - get paper here
  • STEVENSON, DIRK J. et al. 2021. New County Records for Amphibians and Reptiles in Georgia, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (2): 350-359
  • Suarez, Eric, Matthew H. Kail and Gerald R. Johnston. 2011. Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis (Suwannee cooter) fish predation. Herpetological Review 42 (3): 423 - get paper here
  • Thomas, Travis M., Eric Suarez and Kevin M. Enge. 2015. New county records of reptiles from the Suwannee River, Florida, USA. Herpetological Review 46 (4): 608 - get paper here
  • Thomson, Robert C.; Andrew M. Shedlock, Scott V. Edwards and H. Bradley Shaffer 2008. Developing markers for multilocus phylogenetics in non-model organisms: A test case with turtles. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 49 (2): 514-525 - get paper here
  • Trauth, Stanley E. and Dustin S. Siegel. 2016. Pseudemys concinna concinna (Eastern River Cooter) Trap aggregation and leech cluster. Herpetological Review 47 (2): 287-288 - get paper here
  • TTWG [Peter Paul van Dijk, John B. Iverson, Anders G.J. Rhodin, H. Bradley Shaffer, and Roger Bour] 2014. Turtles of the World, 7th Edition: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution with Maps, and Conservation Status. 000.v7. Chelonian Research Monographs (ISSN 1088-7105) No. 5, doi:10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v7.2014 - get paper here
  • TTWG [TURTLE TAXONOMY WORKING GROUP: RHODIN, A.G.J., IVERSON, J.B., FRITZ, U., GALLEGO-GARCÍA, N., GEORGES, A., SHAFFER, H.B., AND VAN DuK, P.P.]. 2025. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (10th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs 10:1-575 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Anders G.J. Rhodin, John B. iverson, Roger Bour, Uwe Fritz, Arthur GeoRges, H. BRadley Shaffer, and Peter Paul van Dijk 2017. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (8th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Saumure, R.A., Buhlmann, K.A., Pritchard, P.C.H., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs 7:1–292. doi: 10.3854/crm.7.checklist.atlas.v8.2017 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here
  • Walsh, T. J. and G. L. Heinrich 2016. Geographic Distribution: Pseudemys concinna suwanniensis (Suwannee Cooter). Herpetological Review 47(3): 422-423. - get paper here
  • Ward, J.P. 1984. Relationships of the Chrysemyd turtles of North America (Testudines: Emydidae). Special Publications of the Museum of the Texas Technological University 21: 1-50 - get paper here
  • Werning, H. 2009. Florida - ein kleiner herpetologischer Reiseführer. Draco 10 (37): 4-23 - get paper here
  • Wied, M. Prinz zu 1865. Verzeichnis der Reptilien welche auf einer Reise in nördlichen America beobachtet wurden. Nova Acta Acad. Leopold.-Carol., 32: 144 pp. [reprinted by Bibliomania, Salt Lake City, 2004]
  • WILLIAMS JR., ERNEST H. & LUCY BUNKLEY-WILLIAMS. 2021. PSEUDEMYS CONCINNA FLORIDANA (Coastal Plain Cooter). SIZE RECORD. Herpetological Review 52 (1): 130–131. - get paper here
 
External links  
Is it interesting? Share with others:


Please submit feedback about this entry to the curator