Rhinocheilus etheridgei GRISMER, 1990

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Higher Taxa	Colubridae, Colubrinae, Lampropeltini, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Etheridge’s Longnose Snake G: Etheridges Nasennatter S: Culebra Nariz Larga de la Isla Cerralvo
Synonym	Rhinocheilus lecontei etheridgei GRISMER 1990 Rhinocheilus etheridgei — GRISMER 1999 Rhinocheilus lecontei etheridgei — LINER 2007 Rhinocheilus etheridgei — HEIMES 2016: 139 Rhinocheilus etheridgei — JOHNSON et al. 2017
Distribution	Mexico (Baja California: Isla Cerralvo) Type locality: “Arroyo Viejos, at 10 m elevation on the southwestern end of Isla Cerralvo, Baja California Sur, Mexico”.
Reproduction	oviparous.
Types	Holotype: SDNHM = SDSNH 66294; paratypes SDNHM = SDSNH 66309
Diagnosis	Diagnosis: R. (l.) etheridgei has a red temporal region while that of lecontei is not red. R. etheridgei also has red tongue with gray tips while the tongue of lecontei is black (Heimes 2016: 139).
Comment	Subspecies: GRISMER (1999) elevated Rhinocheilus lecontei etheridgei to full species status based on squamation, but using an evolutionary species concept.MANIER (2004) found that no one subspecies was consistently divergent in all analyses, leading to the conclusion that the three mainland subspecies are not sufficiently distinct to warrant separate subspecies status. The island subspecies, though not always statistically distinct, is geographically separate from other populations and differs in characters related to size. Given the small number of specimens available, a decision regarding its taxonomic status (i.e. elevation to species level) is best deferred until additional specimens can be examined and data on molecular variation can be analysed.
Etymology	Named after Richard Emmett Etheridge (16 Sep 1929-14 Jan 2019), American herpetologist. See Espinoza & Queiroz for biographical details.
References	Espinoza, Robert E. and Kevin de Queiroz 2008. Richard Emmett Etheridge. Copeia 2008, No. 3, 708–717 - get paper here Grismer, L. Lee 1990. A new long-nosed snake (Rhinocheilus lecontei) from Isla Cerralvo, Baja California Sur, México. Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History 1990 (4): 1-7 Grismer, L. Lee. 1999. An evolutionary classification of reptiles on islands in the Gulf of California, México. Herpetologica 55 (4): 446-469 - get paper here Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp Johnson, J. D., L. D. Wilson, V. Mata-Silva, E. García-Padilla, and D. L. DeSantis. 2017. The endemic herpetofauna of Mexico: organisms of global significance in severe peril. Mesoamerican Herpetology 4(3): 544–620 - get paper here Liner, Ernest A. 2007. A CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF MEXICO. Louisiana State University Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science 80: 1-60 - get paper here Manier, M.K. 2004. Geographic variation in the Long-nosed Snake, Rhinocheilus lecontei (Colubridae): Beyond the subspecies debate. Biological Journal of the Linnaean Society 83(1): 65-85 - get paper here Peralta-García A, Valdez-Villavicencio JH, Fucsko LA, Hollingsworth BD, Johnson JD, Mata-Silva V, Rocha A, DeSantis DL, Porras LW, and Wilson LD. 2023. The herpetofauna of the Baja California Peninsula and its adjacent islands, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 17(1&2): 57–142 Vyas, Raju 2007. Present conservation scenario of reptile fauna in Gujarat State, India. Indian Forester, Oct 2007: 1381-1394 - get paper here
External links	IUCN Red List Google images

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