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Rhinoclemmys annulata (GRAY, 1860)

IUCN Red List - Rhinoclemmys annulata - Least Concern, LR
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Higher TaxaGeoemydidae (Rhinoclemmydinae), Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Brown Wood Turtle
G: Braune Erdschildkröte
Dutch: bruine aardschildpad 
SynonymGeoclemmys annulata GRAY 1860: 148
Chelops gabbii COPE 1876
Emys gabbi — GÜNTHER 1885: 7
Nicoria annulata BOULENGER 1889
Nicoria gabbii — BOULENGER 1889
Geoemyda annulata — SIEBENROCK 1909
Rhinoclemmys annulata — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 179
Rhinoclemmys annulata — KING & BURKE 1989
Rhinoclemmys annulata — KÖHLER 2000: 22
Chelopus annulatus — YASUKAWA et al. 2001 (fide SCHILDE 2004)
Rhinoclemmys annulata — TTWG 2014
Rhinoclemmys annulata — TTWG 2021 
DistributionSE Honduras, E Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, W Colombia (incl. Valle del Cauca), Ecuador

Type locality: "Esmeraldas, Ecuador".  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1946.1.22.56, 1947.3.5.58 and 1947.3.5.59.
Holotype: USNM 45905 [Chelopus gabbii] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1950 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
Comment 
EtymologyNamed after the diminutive form (“annul-”) of Latin “anus” = ring, and probably refers to the growth rings on the carapace. 
References
  • Carr, J.L. et al. 2023. Rhinoclemmys annulata (Gray 1860) – Brown Wood Turtle, Montañero, Bambera. In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turt - get paper here
  • Carvajal-Cogollo, J.E.; L.E. Rojas-Murcia. & G. Cárdenas-Arévalo 2020. Reptiles del Caribe colombiano/ Reptiles of the Colombian Caribbean. Tunja: Editorial UPTC, 268 pp. - get paper here
  • Castro-Herrera, F. & Vargas-Salinas, F. 2008. Anfibios y reptiles en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Biota Colombiana 9 (2): 251 - 277 - get paper here
  • Cisneros-Heredia, D.F. 2006. Turtles of the Tiputini Biodiversity Station with remarks on the diversity and distribution of the Testudines from Ecuador. Biota Neotropica 6 (1): 1-16 - get paper here
  • Ernst, C H 1981. Rhinoclemmys Fitzinger, Neotropical forest terrapins. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles ( 274: 1-2 - get paper here
  • Ernst, C. H. 1980. Rhinoclemmys annulata. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles ( 250: 1-2. - get paper here
  • Fuentes, Rogemif; Aschcroft, Jesse; Erick Barría, Helio Quintero-Arrieta, Alexis Baules, Abel Batista, Eduardo Zambrano, Marcos Ponce 2023. Herpetological diversity in forests of Portobelo National Park, Colón Biological Corridor, Panama. Reptiles & Amphibians 30 (1): e18434 - get paper here
  • Giraldo, A. et al. 2013. Rhinoclemmys annulata. Catalogo de Anfibios y Reptiles de Colombia 1(1): 31-34 - get paper here
  • Gray, J.E. 1860. Description of a new species of Geoclemmys from Ecuador. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 6: 148 - get paper here
  • Gray, J.E. 1860. Description of a new species of Geoclemmys from Ecuador. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1860: 231-232. - get paper here
  • Grünewald, Ferry. 2015. Haltung und Vermehrung der Braunen Erdschildkröte, Rhinoclemmys annulata (Gray, 1860). Schildkröten im Fokus. 12 (2): 3-22.
  • Günther, A. C. L. G. 1885. Reptilia and Batrachia. Biologia Centrali-Américana. Taylor, & Francis, London, 326 pp. [published in parts from 1885-1902; reprint by the SSAR 1987] - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. 2000. Reptilien und Amphibien Mittelamerikas, Bd 1: Krokodile, Schildkröten, Echsen. Herpeton Verlag, Offenbach, 158 pp.
  • Köhler, G. 2008. Reptiles of Central America. 2nd Ed. Herpeton-Verlag, 400 pp.
  • McCranie, James R. 2015. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with additions, comments on taxonomy, some recent taxonomic decisions, and areas of further studies needed. Zootaxa 3931 (3): 352–386 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R. 2018. The Lizards, Crocodiles, and Turtles of Honduras. Systematics, Distribution, and Conservation. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Special Publication Series (2): 1- 666 - get paper here
  • McLaughlin, Connor J. and C. Tristan Stayton 2016. Convergent Evolution Provides Evidence of Similar Radiations in Shell Shape in the Turtle Families Emydidae and Geoemydidae. Herpetologica 72 (2): 120-129. - get paper here
  • Mittermeier, Russel A. 1971. Notes on the behavior and ecology of Rhinoclemmys annulata Gray. Herpetologica 27(4): 485-488
  • Nicholson, Kirsten E., James R. McCranie and Gunther Köhler 2000. Herpetofaunal expedition to Parque Nacional Patuca: a newly established park in Honduras. Herpetological Bulletin (72): 26-31. - get paper here
  • Scott Jr., N.J. & Limerick, S. 1983. Reptiles and Amhibians. In: Janzen, D.H. (ed.) Costa Rican Natural History. Univeristy of Chicago Press, pp. 351-
  • Solís, J. M., L. D. Wilson, and J. H. Townsend. 2014. An updated list of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with comments on their nomenclature. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1: 123–144 - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier 2014. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1 (2): 186–202. - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier & José́ Gabriel Martínez-Fonseca 2023. An updated country checklist to the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. REVISTA NICARAGÜENSE DE BIODIVERSIDAD (100): 1-25 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
  • TTWG [Peter Paul van Dijk, John B. Iverson, Anders G.J. Rhodin, H. Bradley Shaffer, and Roger Bour] 2014. Turtles of the World, 7th Edition: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution with Maps, and Conservation Status. 000.v7. Chelonian Research Monographs (ISSN 1088-7105) No. 5, doi:10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v7.2014 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here
  • Valencia-Zuleta A, Jaramillo-Martínez AF, Echeverry-Bocanegra A, Viáfara-Vega R, Hernández-Córdoba O, Cardona-Botero VE, Gutiérrez-Zúñiga J, Castro-Herrera F. 2014. Conservation status of the herpetofauna, protected areas, and current problems in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 8 (2): 1–18 (e87) - get paper here
  • Yasukawa, Yuichirou, Ren Hirayama and Tsutomu Hikida 2001. Phylogenetic relationships of Geoemydine turtles (Reptilia: Bataguridae). Current Herpetology 20 (2):105-133 - get paper here
 
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