Riama cashcaensis (KIZIRIAN & COLOMA, 1991)
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Riama cashcaensis
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| Higher Taxa | Gymnophthalmidae (Cercosaurinae), Sauria, Gymnophthalmoidea, Squamata (lizards) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | E: Kizorian's Lightbulb Lizard |
| Synonym | Proctoporus cashcaensis KIZIRIAN & COLOMA 1991: 421 Proctoporus cashcaensis — LEWIS 2002 Proctoporus cashcaensis — DOAN & SCHARGEL 2003 Riama cashcaensis — DOAN & CASTOE 2005 |
| Distribution | Ecuador (Andean Cordillera Occidental), elevation 2600-3030 m Type locality: Guaranda, Bolívar, Ecuador [79°00’ W, 01° 60’ S], 2640 m elevation. |
| Reproduction | oviparous |
| Types | Holotype: KU 135015 |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis: Limbs not overlapping when adpressed against body; band of granular scales laterally; frontonasal much longer than frontal; three or four supraoculars, two or more in contact with the ciliaries; palpebral disc divided; dorsal scales striated; two postparietals in contact medially; two enlarged scales between postparietals and ear opening; preanal pores absent; hemipenial flounces with calcified spines, in obliquely arranged rows forming two columns which converge on the asulcate side; median welt on hemipenes absent (Fig. 2). Proctoporus cashcaensis can be distinguished from the P. luctuosus group [Uzzell, 1958, includes: P. achlyens Uzzell, 1958; P. luctuosus (Peters, 1862); P. laevis (Boulenger, 1908); P. oculatus (O'Shaughnessy, 1879) and P. shrevei Parker, 1935] because the limbs do not overlap when adpressed against the body, and a band of granular scales is present laterally. In the luctuosus group, limbs overlap when adpressed against the body, and two rows of rectangular scales are present laterally for each dorsal scale row. From the P. pachyurus group [Uzzell, 1970; includes: P. bolivianus Werner, 1910; P. guentheri (Boettger, 1891); and P. pachyurus Tschudi, 1845], P. cashcaensis differs in having three or four supraocular scales, two or more of which may contact the ciliaries, two enlarged scales between the postparietals and the ear opening, and a divided palpebral disc. In the P. pachyurus group, only two or three supraocular scales are present, none or only one of which contacts the ciliary scales; three or more postparietals are present, more than two scales are present between the postparietals and the ear opening, and the pal pebral disc is undivided. The Proctoporus ventrimaculatus group (Uzzell, 1970; including only P. ventrimaculatus Boulenger, 1900) has smooth dorsal scales, two supraoculars, and three or more postparietals, whereas P. cashcaensis has longitudinally striated dorsal scales, three or four supraoculars, and two postparietals. The six remaining species of Proctoporus have not been assigned to species groups. Each of them can be distinguished from Proctoporus cashcaensis by the following characters (condition in P. cash caensis in parentheses). Proctoporus columbianus Anderson, 1914, has three (two) enlarged scales between postparietals and tympanum, only posteriormost supraocular scale in contact with ciliary scales (usu ally the second, third and fourth), frontonasal and frontal about equal in length (frontonasal distinctly longer than frontal), a ventral pattern of longitudinal stripes (transverse bands). Proctoporus meleagris Boulenger, 1885 has smooth dorsal scales (striated), three (two) scales between post parietals and tympanum, three (two) postparietals, loreal scale (absent), narrow in terparietal with parallel edges laterally (slightly longer than wide with nonparallel lateral edges), frontonasal as long as frontal (frontonasal much longer than frontal), single (two) row of cloacal plate scales, and 11 (maximum of eight) femoral pores on each side, some of which may be termed preanal (preanal pores absent). Proctoporus simoterus (O'Shaughnessy, 1879) have keeled scales as juveniles and smooth scales as adults (striated), complete row of superciliaries (incomplete or absent), median paired postparietals often separated by narrow interparietal (median postparietals always in contact), small (large) anterior pregular scales midventrally, and femoral pores in preanal region (absent). The absence of frontoparietals in the holotype is more lees for shis:-pecies,-as suspected by Boulenger (1885). Proctoporus striatus (Peters, 1862) has complete (incomplete or absent) row of superciliaries separating supraoculars from ciliaries, may have a dor sal color pattern of dark longitudinal stripes extending the length of the body (absent), and limbs touching when adpressed against body (not touching). Proctoporus hypostictus Boulenger, 1902 has limbs which contact when adpressed against body (not touching), loreal scale present (absent), three (two) scales between postparietals and ear opening, three (two) pairs of posterior postmentals, small (enlarged) pregular scales, frontonasal and frontal about equal in length (frontonasal much longer than frontal), lateral scales in two (one) rows for each dorsal scale row, 29-34 (35-41) scales from occiput to cloaca, preanal pores present (absent), and white bars on chin cor responding to scale sutures may be present (marking follows mandibular outline). Proctoporus unicolor (Gray, 1858) may be the sister taxon to P. cashcaensis; they share a hemipenial morphology (described be low) unique among gymnophthalmids. Proctoporus unicolor, however, has three or more (two) enlarged scales between postparietals and tympanum, 9-12 (maximum of eight) femoral pores per side, some of which occur in preanal region (preanal pores absent), and naked (with calcified spines) hemipenial flounces. (KIZIRIAN & COLOMA 1991) |
| Comment | |
| Etymology | Named after Cashca, a Quechua name for a species of tree, Weinmannia sp. (Cunoniaceae), that occurs at Cashca Totoras. |
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