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Riama antioquensis (ARREDONDO, 2013)

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Higher TaxaGymnophthalmidae (Cercosaurinae), Sauria, Gymnophthalmoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymAnadia antioquensis ARREDONDO 2013
Riama antioquensis — AMÉZQUITA et al. 2022 
DistributionColombia (Antioquia, Tolima)

Type locality: Vereda La Cejita (6°30′4′′N, 75°11′ 31′′ W), Municipio de Barbosa, Departamento de Antioquia, Colombia, 1850 m  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype: MHUA 10537 (figs 1, 2). Adult male. Collected 2 April, 2000 by Juan M. Daza. Paratype. MHUA 11254 juvenile female, collected in Vereda El Retiro (6°59′ 13′′ N, 75°8′15′′W), Municipio de Anorí, Departa- mento de Antioquia, 1700 m approx. Collected 31 March 2004 by Eliana M. Muñoz. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: (1) two prefrontal scales in broad contact; (2) four supraocular scales; (3) single nasal scale, without inferior groove; (4) ten ciliary scales; (5) no inserted scales between the superciliary series and the supraocular scales; (6) no pigmented lower palpebrals; (7) ten supralabial scales; (8) three subocular scales; (9) nine infralabial scales; (10) two postparietal scales; (11) only the first pair of genial scales in medial contact; (12) sub-hexagonal dorsal scales; (13) two transverse rows of dorsal scales for each ventral row; (14) 54-55 transverse rows of dorsal scales; (15) 36-37 transverse rows of dorsal scales between the forward edge of forelimbs and the rear edge of hindlimbs; (16) quadrangular ventral scales; (17) 23-24 transverse rows of ventral scales; (18) 35-36 scales around midbody; (19) 13-15 scales above fourth toe; (20) 18-21 lamellae under fourth toe; (21) ten femoral pores per leg in both sexes; (22) no scales between the femoral pores; (23) 3-5 posterior cloacal plate scales; (24) dorsum with seven longitudinal rows of large black ocelli in a dark brown background; (25) belly cream, males with an irregular dark spot on the base of each ventral scale, juvenile females without ventral pattern, immaculate; (26) hemipenial body with 27 chevron-like flounces by each side; (27) spinulated chevron-like flounces covering the asulcate side of both lobes; (28) spinulated chevron-like flounces not in medial contact in asulcate side; (29) maximum SVL 89 mm.
Anadia antioquensis can be distinguished from its congeners by the following characters [A. antioquensis in brackets]: all members of the A. ocellata group (Anadia ocellata, A. petersi, A. rhombifera and A. vittata) and A. bogotensis have a single nasal scale with an inferior groove or completely divided [nasal single without groove], 4-6 suboculars [three], second pair of genial scales in medial contact [separated], one transverse row of dorsal scales for each ventral row [two], 27-43 transverse rows of ventral scales [23-24], and maximum SVL not exceeding 80 mm [89 mm]. Anadia ocellata and A. petersi have 0-2 and A. rhombifera and A. vittata have 1-2 inserted scales between the superciliary series and the supraocular scales, [no inserted scales]. Anadia ocellata and A. rhomb- ifera have 8-9 and A. vittata has 8 ciliary scales [ten].
Anadia ocellata has 27-33 scales around mid- body [35-36], 10-11 scales above fourth toe [13- 15], 14-18 lamellae under fourth toe [18-21] and dorsal pattern with dark mottling, light dor- solateral stripe and lateral black ocelli, all in a bronze olive background [dorsum with large black ocelli], and hemipenial body with 5-7 chevron-like flounces by each side [27]. Anadia petersi has three supraocular scales [four], 1-2 femoral pores in females [ten], and dorsum bronze olive, with or without lateral ocelli [dor- sum with large black ocelli]. Anadia rhombifera has 3-4 postparietals [two], 44-49 transverse rows of dorsal scales [54-55], 28-32 transverse rows of dorsal scales between the forward edge of fore limbs and the rear edge of hind limbs [36-37], 26-34 scales around midbody [35-36], eleven scales above fourth toe [13-15], and 0- 2 femoral pores in females [ten]. Anadia vittata has 2-4 femoral pores in females [ten].
The Colombian endemic Anadia bogotensis has two, occasionally three supraocular scales [four], pigmented lower palpebrals [not pig- mented], 3-4 postparietal scales [two], dorsal scales with rounded posterior edge [sub- hexagonal], 35-46 transverse rows of dorsal scales [54-55], 24-32 scales around midbody [35-36], two scales between femoral pores [0], belly slate-blue or blue-black [belly cream with spotted pattern in adult males, and immacu- late in juvenile females], hemipenial body with seven chevron-like flounces by each side [27].
Table 1 shows a comparison of morphological characters between Anadia antioquensis and all species of the A. bitaeniata group. In the Colombian species of the A. bitaeniata group, A. altaserrania and A. pulchella have a dorsal pattern striped and with transverse bands medially broken in a light brown background respectively [dorsum ocellated]. Additionally, A. pulchella has the hemipenial lobes without chevrons-like flounces on the asulcate side [flounces in the asulcate side of both lobes]. Anadia bumanguesa and A. pamplonensis have the dorsum uniformly light [dorsum ocellated].
Within the Venezuelan species of the A. bitae- niata group, the dorsum in A. bitaeniata is gray-brown with dorsolateral lines, in A. brevifrontalis is slate grey with dark flecks or dorsolateral lines, and in A. hobarti is dark olive, with lateral cream spots [dorsum ocellated]. The belly in A. brevifrontalis is bright blue or grey and in A. hobarti is highly pigmented dark grey [belly cream with spotted pattern in adult males, and immaculate in juvenile females]. A. brevifrontalis has prefrontal scales slightly in contact or separated [in broad contact]. 
Comment 
EtymologyThe specific epithet is a noun in the genitive case, used as a toponym that refers to Antioquia, a Colombian Department, where the specimens were collected. 
References
  • Arredondo, Juan C. 2013. A new species of gymnophthalmid lizard of the genus Anadia (Gymnophthalmidae: Cercosaurinae) from Northern Andes of Colombia. Amphibia-Reptilia 34 (2): 173-184. - get paper here
  • Rojas-Morales JA, Arias- Monsalve HF, Caicedo-Martínez LS, et al. 2023. Historical perspective and state of knowledge of the non-avian reptiles (Vertebrata: Sauropsida) of the Department of Caldas, Central Andes of Colombia. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. 47(185): 868-881 - get paper here
  • Tolosa, Y. 2023. Elusive or subsampled lizards in the Colombian Andes? Range extension for the gymnophthalmid lizard Riama antioquensis (Arredondo, 2013) from Tolima Department, Colombia, with comments on colouration and natural history. Herpetology Notes, 16, 601-604
  • Vásquez-Restrepo, Juan D.; Diego A. Rivera-Prieto 2020. Description of the striking ontogenetic colour variation of Anadia antioquensis Arredondo, 2013 (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae), with new data on its morphology, distribution, and microhabitat use. Herpetology Notes 13: 593-597 - get paper here
 
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