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Salvadora grahamiae BAIRD & GIRARD, 1853

IUCN Red List - Salvadora grahamiae - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Mountain Patchnose Snake
G: Berg-Pflasternasennatter
S: Culebra Chata 
SynonymSalvadora grahamiae BAIRD & GIRARD 1853: 104
Phymothyra grahamiae — COPE 1879: 262
Salvadora grahamiae — GARMAN 1884: 37
Salvadora grahamiae — COPE 1900: 818
Salvadora grahamiae grahamiae — LINER et al. 1977
Salvadora grahamiae — STEBBINS 1985: 185
Salvadora grahamiae grahamiae — TANNER 1985: 640
Salvadora grahamiae grahamiae — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 192
Salvadora grahamiae lineata — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 193
Salvadora grahamiae — LINER 1994
Salvadora grahamiae grahamiae — DIXON 2000
Salvadora grahamiae grahamiae — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 303
Salvadora grahamiae grahamiae — CROTHER et al. 2012
Salvadora grahamiae — WALLACH et al. 2014: 659
Salvadora grahamiae — HERNÁNDEZ-JIMÉNEZ et al. 2021 
DistributionUSA (W Texas, New Mexico, Arizona), Mexico (Chihuahua, Veracruz, Coahuila, Tamaulipas, Nayarit)

Type locality: Sonora  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: USNM 2081 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): snakes with an enlarged rostral scale with free edges; a color pattern consisting of lateral and dorsolateral stripes, and usually a distinct vertebral stripe; and 17 rows of dorsal scales on the anterior and middle part of the body, which are reduced to 13 posteriorly (Bogert 1939). 
CommentType species: Salvadora grahamiae BAIRD & GIRARD 1853 is the type species of the genus Salvadora BAIRD in BAIRD & GIRARD 1853.

Synonymy: Kaiser et al. 2013 considered the generic name Aiselfakharius Hoser 2012 invalid and rejected its use instead of Salvadora.

Subspecies: Salvadora grahamiae lineata SCHMIDT 1940 has been elevated to full species status.

Distribution: See map in HERNÁNDEZ-JIMÉNEZ et al. 2021: Fig. 7. Reports from Quéretaro represent S. lineata, hence this species does not occur in Quéretaro fide Tepos-Ramírez et al. 2023.

Key: HERNÁNDEZ-JIMÉNEZ et al. 2021: 106 provide a dichotomous key to the species of Salvadora. 
EtymologyThe species is named after James Duncan Graham (1799-1865), American engineer, astronomer and collector of biological specimens. 
References
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  • Bogert, Charles M. 1939. A study of the genus Salvadora the patch-nosed snake. Publications of the University of California at Los Angeles in Biological Sciences 1 (10): 177-236
  • Buford, T; Berkshier, S & Graham, S P 2018. Salvadora grahamiae (Eastern Patch-nosed Snake) Diet. Herpetological Review 49 (3): 556 - get paper here
  • CAMPOS-RODRÍGUEZ, José Ismael; Xhail FLORES-LEYVA ; María Graciela LORENZO-MÁRQUEZ ; Leonardo Martín TOLEDO-JIMÉNEZ 2017. NEW RECORDS AND DISTRIBUTION EXTENSIONS OF REPTILES (REPTILIA: SQUAMATA) FOR THE STATE OF ZACATECAS, MEXICO. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n.s.) 33 (1) - get paper here
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  • Conant, Roger 1942. Notes on the young of three recently described snakes, with comments upon their relationships [Coluber constrictor priapus; Salvadora lineata; Natrix harteri]. Bulletin of the Chicago Academy of Sciences 6 (10): 193-200
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