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Sauresia sepsoides GRAY, 1852

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Higher TaxaDiploglossidae, Diploglossa, Anguimorpha, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Hispaniolan Four-toed Galliwasp, Common four-toed Galliwasp 
SynonymSauresia sepsoides GRAY 1852: 282
Embryopus Habichii WEINLAND 1863: 135
Sauresia sepoides [sic] — BOULENGER 1885: 295
Sauresia (Celestus) sepsoides — SCHMIDT 1921
Sauresia sepsoides — COCHRAN 1941
Sauresia sepsoides — GREER 1967
Diploglossus sepsoides — SCHWARTZ & THOMAS 1975: 120
Sauresia sepsoides — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 463
Celestus sepsoides — HEDGES et al. 1992
Sauresia sepsoides — GOOD et al. 1993
Sauresia sepsoides — SCHOOLS & HEDGES 2021 
DistributionHispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic)

Type locality: San Domingo.  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1946.8.29.29. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus Sauresia). Species of Sauresia have (1) claw sheath, present, (2) contact between the nasal and rostral scales, absent, (3) scales in contact with the nasal scale, four, (4) postnasal scales, one, (5) position of the nostril in the nasal scale, central, (6) keels on dorsal body scales, absent, (7) digits per limb, four, (8) longest toe lamellae, 8–12, (9) dorsal scale rows, 101–127, (10) relative head width, 9.36–12.2, (11) relative rostral height, 41.3–66.2, (12) relative frontonasal length, 1.70–2.56, (13) relative interparietal distance, 0–0.431, (14) relative axilla-groin distance 63.9–69.9.
From Advenus gen. nov., we distinguish Sauresia by the digits per limb (four versus five in Advenus gen. nov.), the longest toe lamellae (8–12 versus 16–17), the dorsal scale rows (101–127 versus 96), the distance between the parietal scales (0–0.431 versus 0.632), and the relative axilla-groin distance (63.9–69.9 versus 60.0). From Caribicus gen. nov., we distinguish Sauresia by the claw sheath (present versus absent in Caribicus gen. nov.), keels on the dorsal body scales (absent versus their presence in Caribicus gen. nov.), digits per limb (four versus five), relative frontonasal length (1.70–2.56 versus 2.98–3.32), and the distance between the parietal scales (0– 0.431 versus 0.468–1.42). From Celestus, we distinguish Sauresia by the claw sheath (present versus its absence in Celestus) and the digits per limb (four versus five). From Comptus gen. nov., we distinguish Sauresia by the claw sheath (present versus its absence in Comptus gen. nov.), keels on the dorsal body scales (absent versus their presence in Comptus gen. nov.), digits per limb (four versus five), the longest toe lamellae (8–12 versus 13–23), the relative frontonasal length (1.70–2.56 versus 2.95–3.65), and the relative axilla-groin distance (63.9–69.9 versus 51.9–60.0). From Panolopus, we distinguish Sauresia by the claw sheath (present versus its absence in Panolopus), digits per limb (four versus five), dorsal scale rows (101–127 versus 83–100), and the relative axilla-groin distance (63.9–69.9 versus 49.7–59.6). From Wetmorena, we distinguish Sauresia by the distance between the parietal scales (0–0.431 versus 0.447–1.03) (SCHOOLS & HEDGES 2021).


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CommentFor illustrations see Boulenger, 1885; Cochran,1941.

Type species: Sauresia sepsoides GRAY 1852: 282 is the type species of the genus Sauresia GRAY 1852. The genus is monotypic.

Habitat: Wetmorena, Sauresia are some Diploglossus are soil-adapted ecomorphs (Schools et al. 2022). 
References
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Cochran, D.M. 1941. The herpetology of Hispaniola. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 177: vii + 398 pp. - get paper here
  • Good, David A.; Bauer, Aaron M.;Günther, Rainer 1993. An Annotated Type Catalogue of the Anguimorph Lizards (Squamata: Anguidae, Helodermatidae, Varanidae, Xenosauridae) in the Zoological Museum, Berlin. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berl. 69 (1): 45-56 - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1852. Description of Sauresia, a new genus of Scincidae from St. Domingo. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) 10: 281-282 - get paper here
  • Greer, A.E. 1967. Notes on the mode of reproduction in anguid lizards. Herpetologica 23 (2): 94-99 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, K. P. 1921. Notes on the herpetology of Santo Domingo. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 44: 7-20. - get paper here
  • Schools, M., Kasprowicz, A., & Hedges, S. B. 2022. Phylogenomic data resolve the historical biogeography and ecomorphs of Neotropical forest lizards (Squamata, Diploglossidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 107577 - get paper here
  • SCHOOLS, MOLLY & S. BLAIR HEDGES 2021. Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the Neotropical forest lizards (Squamata, Diploglossidae). Zootaxa 4974 (2): 201–257 - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp.
  • Schwartz, A. and R. Thomas. 1975. A checklist of West Indian amphibians and reptiles. Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ. 1:1-216. - get paper here
  • Weinland, D. F 1863. Beschreibung und Abbildung von drei neuen Sauriern. (Embryopus Habichii und Amphisbaena innocens von Haiti, und Brachymeles Leuckarti von Neuholland.). Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. (Frankfurt) 4: 131-143 [1862] - get paper here
 
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