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Sibon nebulatus (LINNAEUS, 1758)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Cloudy Snail-eating Snake
S: Caracolera subtropical
Portuguese: Caracoleira, Cobra-Cipó, Cobra-Nebulosa, Come-Lesma, Dormideira, Dorminhoca, Papa-Lesma 
SynonymColuber Sibon LINNAEUS 1758: 222
Coluber nebulatus LINNAEUS 1758: 222
Sibon nebulatus — FITZINGER 1826: 60
Dipsas nebulata — BOIE 1827: 550
Dipsas nebulata — SCHLEGEL 1837: 275
Coluber variegatus HALLOWELL 1845: 244 (fide COPE 1860: 265)
Petalognathus nebulatus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 464
Leptognathus affinis FISCHER 1879
Leptognathus nebulatus — GARMAN 1884: 13
Leptognathus nebulatus — SCLATER 1891: 67
Petalognathus nebulata — BOCOURT 1908
Petalognathus nebulatus — DESPAX 1910: 370
Petalognathus nebulatus — BARBOUR 1916
Sibon sibon — STUART 1935: 52
Sibon nebulata hartwegi PETERS 1960
Sibon nebulata popayanensis PETERS 1960
Sibon nebulatus — VILLA et al. 1988
Sibon nebulata nebulata — PÉREZ-SANTOS & MORENO 1988: 308
Sibon nebulata hartwegi — PÉREZ-SANTOS & MORENO 1988: 309
Sibon nebulata popayanensis — PÉREZ-SANTOS & MORENO 1988: 311
Sibon nebulatus — LINER 1994
Sibon nebulata — CAMPBELL 1998
Sibon nebulata — GORZULA & SEÑARIS 1999
Sibon nebulatus nebulatus — KORNACKER 1999: 133
Sibon nebulata — ROSER 2002
Sibon nebulata — CARRERA et al. 2009
Sibon nebulata — RIVAS et al. 2012
Sibon nebulatus — LOTZKAT et al. 2012
Sibon nebulatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 668
Sibon nebulatus — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019
Sibon nebulatus — SUNYER & MARTÍNEZ-FONSECA 2023 
DistributionSE Mexico (Chiapas, Campeche, Yucatan, Quintana Roo, Jalisco, Nayarit, Puebla, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Veracruz etc.),
Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama,
Colombia, Venezuela (Cojedes), Isla Margarita, French Guiana, Ecuador, Trinidad, Tobago, Brazil (Alagoas, Pará, Pernambuco, Paraíba); elevation (Honduras): 0-1690 m

Type locality: “Africa” (fide LINNAEUS 1758; in error)

hartwegi: Colombia; Type locality: Barrancabermeja, Santander, Colombia.

popayanensis: Colombia (Cauca); Type locality: Popayán, Cauca, Colombia.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MAFR (Museum Regis Adolphi Friderici), Stockholm, from "America." Type found and designated as such by Andersson (1899:19).
Holotype: ZMH R04370 from Sabanna larga (= Sabanalarga, Distr. Casanare), Colombia [Leptognathus affinis FISCHER 1879] 
Diagnosis 
CommentRelative abundance in Honduras: rare

Type species: Coluber nebulatus LINNAEUS 1758 is the type species of the genus Sibon FITZINGER 1826.

Diet: snails (Santos et al. 2017 and references therein)

Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018).

Synonymy: Leptognathus leucomelas BOULENGER 1896 has been removed from the synonymy of S. nebulatus by ARTEAGA & BATISTA 2023. 
Etymology“Sibon may derive from the Latin noun sibonis, a kind of hunting spear" (Lee, 1996:357, cited in McCranie 2011). The name may refer to the attenuate form of the type species of the genus. See J. Peters (1960) for a discussion of the complicated nomenclatural history of the generic name Sibon. H. Smith (1983) argued that the name was masculine in gender, not neuter or feminine, as regarded by some authors. 
References
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