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Sinomicrurus gorei (WALL, 1909)

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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Gore’s coral snake
G: Gores Korallenotter 
SynonymCallophis macclellandi Variety C gorei WALL 1908: 37
Callophis macclellandi var. nov. gorei WALL 1909: 842
Callophis macclellandi gori — WALL 1918: 629, 631 (in part)
Callophis macclellandi var. gorei — WALL 1913b: 639
Calliophis macclellandi gorei — WALL 1925a: 821
Calliophis macclellandi gorei — WALL 1925b: 244
Calliophis macclellandi gorei — MAHENDRA 1984: 327 (Assam, Manipur)
Calliophis macclellandii gori — BOURRET 1936 (Vol. II): 406–409 (in part, Assam).
Sinomicrurus macclellandi macclellandi — LALREMSANGA & ZOTHANSIAMA 2015: 212–221 (in part, Mizoram)
Sinomicrurus macclellandii — LALREMSANGA & LALRONUNGA 2017: 119 (in part, Mizoram)
Sinomicrurus macclellandi — RAHMAN et al. 2017: 241 (Bangladesh)
Sinomicrurus macclellandi var. gorei — SMART et al. 2021: 1–66 (Assam, Manipur Mizoram)
Sinomicrurus gorei — BIAKZUALA et al. 2023 
DistributionIndia (Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland), Nepal, Bangladesh (Moulvibazar, Sunamganj)

Type locality: Assam, India  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntype: BNHS 2211 
DiagnosisDiagnosis. Based on 38 adult specimens comprised by 36 individuals examined by us from Mizoram, India (17 males þ 19 females), and the other meristic data from Assam (syntype) and Bangladesh specimens extracted from literature (Wall, 1910; Rahman et al., 2017; Smart et al., 2021), the species is diagnosable from the other Sinomicrurus species based on the following morphological characters: (1) Ve 208–232 (x̅ = 216.47 ± 5.97) in males, 219–242 (x̅ = 230.76 ± 6.65) in females; (2) BS 0–32 (x̅ = 23.94 ± 7.42) in males, 0–45 (x̅ = 28.38 ± 10.48) in females; (3) BB 0–2 (0.29 ± 0.59) in males, 0–2 (x̅ = 0.41 ± 0.80) in females; (4) BT 0–2 (x̅ = 0.59 ± 0.87) in males, 0–4 (x̅ = 0.82 ± 1.42) in females; (5) NBW 1–3 scales (x̅ = 2.06 ± 0.43) in males, 2–3 scales (x̅ = 2.05 ± 0.23) in females; (6) TaL 28–47 mm (x̅ = 38.00 ± 4.76 mm) in males; 28–56 mm (x̅ = 37.20 ± 6.62 mm) in females; (7) ED 0.6–0.9 mm (x̅ = 0.80 ± 0.08 mm) in males, 0.7–1.2 mm (x̅ = 0.89 ± 0.16 mm) in females; (8) IOS 2.8–4.1 mm (x̅ = 3.39 ± 0.31 mm) in males, 2.5–5.6 mm (x̅ = 3.72 ± 0.87 mm) in females (9) HL 8.50–10.60 mm (x̅ = 9.59 ± 0.53) in males, 8.40–16.90 mm (x̅ = 10.90 ± 2.45) in females; (10) HW 4.2–6.2 mm (x̅ = 5.01 ± 0.49 mm) in males, 4.2–10.0 mm (x̅ = 5.77 ± 1.77 mm) in females; (11) HD 2.7–4.1 mm (x̅ = 3.15 ± 0.36 mm) in males, 2.6–5.8 mm (x̅ = 3.46 ± 0.94) in females (Table 1; Supplemental Table S4); (12) IL-AG mostly 1–3 (occasionally 1–4); snout hemispherically-blunt with U-like pattern in having SW/ HW and SW/HWE ratios of 0.605–0.856 and 0.737– 0.900, respectively (Table 2); (13) The pterygoid-palatine arc is parallel to the plane of the skull, and the arc posteriorly converges in its placement. The pterygoid and the palatine are not articulated and are not in contact. The palatine bears 5 functional teeth, and the pterygoid bears 3 teeth anteriorly; (14) Main body of the hemipenis moderately enlarged; 19–22 spines around the main body of the organ. (Biakzuala et al. 2023)


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CommentVenomous!

Synonymy: Biakzuala et al. 2023 revalidated gorei from the synonymy of macclellandi based on molecular and morphological data.

Year of description: Wall 1908 mentions Calliophis macclellandii var. gorei without indicating it being new. Wall 1909 explicitly describes it as new variety (”var. nov. gorei”).

Distribution: for a map of localities see Biakzuala et al. 2023: 3 (Fig. 1). Possibly in Meghalaya, Tripura, and Myanmar. 
EtymologyNamed after Mr. Gore from Jaipur, from whom Frank Wall received the three specimens of this species. 
References
  • Biakzuala, L., Mirza, Z. A., Patel, H., Rathee, Y. S., & Lalremsanga, H. T. 2023. Reappraisal of the systematics of two sympatric coral snakes (Reptilia: Elapidae) from Northeast India. Systematics and Biodiversity, 21(1): 2289150 - get paper here
  • Bourret, R. 1936. Les Serpents de l'Indochine, vol. 2. Imprimerie Henri Basuyau & Cie, Toulouse.
  • Lalremsanga, H. T. and Zothansiama 2015. Morphological variations in Sinomicrurus macclellandi macclellandi (Serpentes: Elapidae), the only coral snake species in northeast India. Science Vision 15 (4): 212-221 - get paper here
  • Mahendra B C 1984. Handbook of the snakes of India, Ceylon, Burma, Bangladesh and Pakistan. ANNALS OF ZOOLOGY (AGRA) 22 (B): i-xvi, 1-412
  • Rahman, Md. Mizanur; Md. Farid Ahsan,Ibrahim Khalil Al Haidar, Md. Ariful Islam 2017. First Confirmed Record of the MacClelland’s Coral Snake Sinomicrurus macclellandi (Reinhardt, 1844) from Bangladesh. Russ. J. Herpetol. 24 (3): 241-244 - get paper here
  • Smart, U., Ingrasci, M. J., Sarker, G. C., Lalremsanga, H., Murphy, R. W., Ota, H., Tu, M. C., Shouche, Y., Orlov, N. L., & Smith, E. N. 2021. A comprehensive appraisal of evolutionary diversity in venomous Asian coralsnakes of the genus Sinomicrurus (Serpentes: Elapidae) using Bayesian coalescent inference and supervised machine learning. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 59, 2212–2277 - get paper here
  • Wall, F. 1908. The poisonous terrestrial snakes of our British Indian dominions and how to recognise them, 2nd ed. Bombay, Bombay Natural History Society - get paper here
  • Wall, F. 1918. A Popular Treatise on the Common Indian Snakes. Part XXV. Callophis macclellandi and Silybura occellata (With Plate XXV and Diagram.). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 25: 628-635 - get paper here
  • Wall, FRANK 1909. Notes on snakes collected in Upper Assam. Part II. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 19 (4): 825-845 [1910 ?] - get paper here
  • Wall, Frank 1925. A hand-list of the snakes of the Indian empire. Part V. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30 (1): 242- -252 - get paper here
  • Wall, FRANK 1925. Notes on snakes collected in Burma in 1924. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 30 (4): 805-821. - get paper here
  • Wall,F. 1913. Notes on some interesting snakes recently presented to the Society. J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 639 - get paper here
 
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