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Siphlophis cervinus (LAURENTI, 1768)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Panamanian Spotted Nightsnake, Panama Spotted Night Snake
Portuguese: Cobra-Cipó, Cobra-Coral, Dorme-Dorme, Dormideira, Dorminhoca 
SynonymCoronella cervina LAURENTI 1768: 88
Coluber audax DAUDIN 1803: 345
Coluber (Natrix) Maximiliani MERREM 1820: 105
Lycodon audax — DE FILIPPI 1840: 183
Lycognathus scolopax DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 919 (nom. subst.)
Dipsas (Eudipsas) leucocephala — BOETTGER 1894: 119
Clelia euprepa GRIFFIN 1916: 203
Drepanodon attenuatus BARBOUR & NOBLE 1921: 619
Siphlophis cervinus cervinus — BEEBE 1946: 42
Siphlophis cervinus — HOGE 1964: 43
Siphlophis cervinus — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 281
Siphlophis cervinus — GASC & RODRIGUES 1980
Siphlophis cervinus — KORNACKER 1999: 134
Siphlophis cervinus — BOOS 2001
Siphlophis cervinus — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionC Bolivia, Brazil (Maranhao, Pará), Peru, Trinidad, French Guiana, Guyana, Colombia, Ecuador [Almendariz 1991], Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolivar) [Barrio et al. 1998].

Type locality: “America”  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: iconotype, based on specimen described and illustrated by Seba, 1735: 84, pl. 79, fig. 3.
Holotype: USNM 60739 [Drepanodon attenuatus] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (516 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy that of PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970 and WALLACH (pers. comm.)

Distribution: DE FILIPPI 1840 mentions Lycodon audax from “Paraguay”, probably in error. See map in Nogueira et al. 2019. Reports from Panama [Villa et al.] appear to be in error or resulted from confusion with other species.

Type species: Coronella cervina LAURENTI 1768: 88 is the type species of the genus Siphlophis FITZINGER 1843.

Key: Sheehy et al. 2014 provide an updated key to the species of Siphlophis.

Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin cervinus, of or pertaining to a deer [the name refer to Seba II, pl. 79, fig. 3, "...Cervinus anguis adpellatur; quum Cervos amet, iisque gaudeat adesse…"]. (Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., April 2024)

The genus was named after Greek siphlos (σιφλός], crippled, maimed + Greek ophis (ὄφις), serpent. 
References
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