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Sphenomorphus praesignis (BOULENGER, 1900)

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Sphenomorphinae (Sphenomorphini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Blotched Forest Skink
G: Larut-Waldskink 
SynonymLygosoma praesigne BOULENGER 1900: 191
Mabuia praesigne — SMITH 1916: 55
Tiliqua praesigne — SMEDLEY 1931: 112
Lygosoma (Sphenomorphus) presigne [sic] — SMITH 1937: 220
Sphenomorphus praesignis — TAYLOR 1963: 1005
Sphenomorphus praesignis — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 280
Sphenomorphus praesignis — COX et al. 1998: 119
Sphenomorphus praesignis — GRISMER 2006
Sphenomorphus praesignis — GRISMER & QUAH 2019 
DistributionS Thailand (Nakhon Si Thammarat),
West Malaysia (Perak)

Type locality: Larut Hills, 4000 ft. [= 1312 m elevation], Perak, Malaya [West Malaysia]  
Reproductionviviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: NMM (as Selangor Museum), (lost? Collection partially destroyed during WW II), collected A.L. Butler 
Diagnosis 
CommentThis species turned out to be an outlier in a recent phylogenetic analysis (Honda et al. 2000), not grouping with other Sphenomorphus species studied. 
References
  • Ang, Andie; Dickson Ng 2016. Sub-adult Blotched Forest Skink Sphenomorphus praesignus at Fraser’s Hill, Peninsular Malaysia. SEAVR 2016: 63-64 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1900. Description of new batrachians and reptiles from Larut Hills, Perak. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) 6: 186-193. - get paper here
  • Chan-ard, T., Parr, J.W.K. & Nabhitabhata, J. 2015. A field guide to the reptiles of Thailand. Oxford University Press, NY, 352 pp. [see book reviews by Pauwels & Grismer 2015 and Hikida 2015 for corrections] - get paper here
  • Cox, Merel J.; Van Dijk, Peter Paul; Jarujin Nabhitabhata & Thirakhupt,Kumthorn 1998. A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Ralph Curtis Publishing, 144 pp.
  • Dring J C M 1979. Amphibians and reptiles from northern Trengganu, Malaysia, with descriptions of two new geckos: Cnemaspis and Cyrtodactylus. Bulletin of the British Museum (NATURAL HISTORY) ZOOLOGY 34 (5): 181-241 - get paper here
  • Goldberg, Stephen R. and L. Lee Grismer. 2014. Sphenomorphus praesignis (blotched forest skink) reproduction. Herpetological Review 45 (1): 135 - get paper here
  • Goldberg, Stephen R., Bursey, Charles R. and Grismer, L. Lee 2017. Sphenomorphus praesignis (Blotched Forest Skink) Endoparasites. Herpetological Review 48 (1): 201 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L. Lee 2006. Two new species of skinks (Genus Sphenomorphus Fitzinger 1843) from the Seribuat Archipelago, West Malaysia. Herpetological Natural History 9 (2): 151-162.
  • Grismer, L. Lee. 2008. A new species of insular skink (Genus Sphenomorphus Fitzinger 1843) from the Langkawi Archipelago, Kedah, West Malaysia with the first report of the herpetofauna of Pulau Singa Besar and an updated checklist of the herpetofauna of Pulau Langkawi. Zootaxa 1691: 53-66 - get paper here
  • GRISMER, L. LEE; & EVAN S. H. QUAH 2019. An updated and annotated checklist of the lizards of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, and their adjacent archipelagos. Zootaxa 4545 (2): 230–248 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L. Lee; Chan K. Onn, Jesse L. Grismer, Perry L. Wood, Jr., and A. Norhayati 2010. A CHECKLIST OF THE HERPETOFAUNA OF THE BANJARAN BINTANG, PENINSULAR MALAYSIA. Russ. J. Herpetol. 17 (2): 147-160 - get paper here
  • GRISMER, L. LEE; PERRY L. WOOD, JR., EVAN S. H. QUAH, SHAHRUL ANUAR, NIKOLAY A. POYARKOV, NEANG THY, NIKOLAI L. ORLOV,<br />PANUPONG THAMMACHOTI & HUN SEIHA 2019. Integrative taxonomy of the Asian skinks Sphenomorphus stellatus (Boulenger, 1900) and S. praesignis (Boulenger, 1900) with the resurrection of S. annamiticus (Boettger, 1901) and the description of a new species from Cambodia. Zootaxa 4683 (3): 381–411 - get paper here
  • GRISMER, L. LEE; ROMAN A. NAZAROV, VLADIMIR V. BOBROV & NIKOLAY A. POYARKOV 2020. A new species of Sphenomorphus (Squamata: Scincidae) from Phu Quoc Island, Vietnam with a discussion of biogeography and character state evolution in the S. stellatus group. Zootaxa 4801 (3): 461–487 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L. 2007. A new species of small montane forest floor skink (genus Sphenomorphus Fitzinger 1843) form Southern peninsular Malaysia. Herpetologica 63 (4): 544-551 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L. 2011. Lizards of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and their adjacent archipelagos. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 728 pp. [review in Herp. Rev. 43: 155] - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L.; Ahmad, N. & Kin Onn, C. 2009. A new, diminutive, upland Sphenomorphus Fitzinger 1843 (Squamata: Scincidae) from the Belum-Temengor Forest Complex, Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 2312: 27–38 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L.; Wood Jr., P.L. & Grismer, J.L. 2009. A New Insular Species of Skink of the Genus Sphenomorphus Strauch 1887 (Squamata: Scincidae) from Pulau Perhentian Besar, Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. Tropical Life Sciences Research, 20(1): 51–69 - get paper here
  • Grossmann, W. 2006. Sphenomorphus praesignis (BOULENGER 1900) - Der Larut-Waldskink im Biotop und im Terrarium (Squamata: Scincomorpha: Scincidae). Sauria 28 (3): 33-49 - get paper here
  • Honda M., Ota H., Kobayashi, M.; Nabhitabhata, J.; Yong, H.-S. & Hikida, T. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships, character evolution, and biogeography of the subfamily Lygosominae (Reptilia: Scincidae) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Mol. Phylogen. Evol. 15 (3): 452-461 - get paper here
  • Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W. 1997. Amphibien & Reptilien Südostasiens. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 512 pp. - get paper here
  • Smedley, N. 1932. Amphibians and reptiles from the Cameron Highlands, Malay Peninsula. Bull. Raffles Mus. 6: 105 - 123 [1931] - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1916. A list of the crocodiles, tortoises, turtles, and lizards at present known to inhabit Siam. J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam 2 (1): 48-57 - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1937. A review of the genus Lygosoma (Scincidae: Reptilia) and its allies. Records of the Indian Museum 39 (3): 213-234
  • Sumarli, Alex X. and Grismer, L. Lee 2016. Sphenomorphus praesignis (Blotched Forest Skink) Reproduction. Herpetological Review 47 (4): 674-675 - get paper here
  • Taylor, E.H. 1963. The lizards of Thailand. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 44: 687-1077. - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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