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Staurotypus salvinii GRAY, 1864

IUCN Red List - Staurotypus salvinii - Least Concern, LR
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Higher TaxaKinosternidae, Staurotypinae, Kinosternoidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Chiapas Giant Musk Turtle
S: Guao de Tres Lomos 
SynonymStaurotypus (Stauremys) salvinii GRAY 1864: 451
Staurotypus salvinii — GRAY 1873: 113
Staurotypus marmoratus FISCHER 1872: 265
Claudius severus COPE 1872: 24
Staurotypus salvini — GÜNTHER 1885: 11
Staurotypus salvinii — BOULENGER 1889
Staurotypus biporcatus GADOW 1905 (nomen nudum)
Claudius salvinii
Staurotypus salvinii — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 71
Staurotypus salvinii — LINER 1994
Staurotypus salvinii — KÖHLER 2000: 28
Staurotypus salvinii — RHODIN et al. 2010
Staurotypus salvinii — TTWG 2021 
DistributionMexico (lowland Pacific drainages of Oaxaca and Chiapas),
Guatemala, El Salvador, Belize

Type locality: "Huamanchal [=Huamuchil], Guatemala".  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1946.1.22.79.
Holotype: USNM 64005 [Claudius severus] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1905 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentNot listed for Guatemala by KÖHLER (2000).

Habitat: freshwater (lakes, quiet rivers) 
EtymologyNamed after Osbert Salvin (1835-1898), a naturalist and ornithologist. He was the first European to record an observation of a Resplendent Quetzal. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Bonin, F., Devaux, B. & Dupré, A. 2006. Turtles of the World. English translation by P.C.H. Pritchard. Johns Hopkins University Press, 416 pp.
  • Bour, R. 2008. Global diversity of turtles (Chelonii; Reptilia) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595:593–598 - get paper here
  • Casas-Andreu, G., F.R. Méndez-De la Cruz and X. Aguilar-Miguel. 2004. Anfibios y Reptiles; pp. 375–390, in A.J.M. García-Mendoza, J. Ordoñez and M. Briones-Salas (ed.). Biodiversidad de Oaxaca. Instituto de Biología, UNAM-Fondo Oaxaqueño para la Conservación de la Naturaleza-World Wildlife Fund, México, D. F.
  • Cope, E.D. 1872. Synopsis of the species of the Chelydrinae. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia (ser. 3) 24: 22-29 - get paper here
  • Dean, R. H.;Bickham, J. W. 1983. Staurotypus salvini. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (327): 1-2 - get paper here
  • Ernst,C.H. and Barbour,R.W. 1989. Turtles of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. - London
  • Fischer, Johannes von 1872. Staurotypus marmoratus n. sp. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 38: 265-272, Tafel X. - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1864. Description of a new species of Staurotypus (S. salvinii) from Guatemala. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 14: 451-452 - get paper here
  • Gray, J.E. 1864. Description of a new species of Staurotypus (S. salvinii) from Guatemala. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1864: 127-128. - get paper here
  • Gray,J.E. 1873. Notes on the tortoises of the ‘Zoology of Mexico’ of MM.A. Duméril and Bocourt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 12: 109-114 - get paper here
  • Günther, A. C. L. G. 1885. Reptilia and Batrachia. Biologia Centrali-Américana. Taylor, & Francis, London, 326 pp. [published in parts from 1885-1902; reprint by the SSAR 1987] - get paper here
  • Iverson J B 1985. Staurotypus Wagler. Mexican musk turtles. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles ( 362: 1-2 - get paper here
  • Jamniczky, H. A. and A. P. Russell 2007. Reappraisal of Patterns of Nonmarine Cryptodiran Turtle Carotid Circulation: Evidence From Osteological Correlates and Soft Tissues. Journal of Morphology 268:571–587 - get paper here
  • Johnson, Jerry D.; Vicente Mata-Silva, Elí García Padilla, and Larry David Wilson 2015. The Herpetofauna of Chiapas, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (3): 272–329. - get paper here
  • Kawagoshi, Taiki; Yoshinobu Uno, Chizuko Nishida, Yoichi Matsuda 2014. The Staurotypus Turtles and Aves Share the Same Origin of Sex Chromosomes but Evolved Different Types of Heterogametic Sex Determination. PLoS One 9 (8): e105315. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0105315 - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. 2000. Reptilien und Amphibien Mittelamerikas, Bd 1: Krokodile, Schildkröten, Echsen. Herpeton Verlag, Offenbach, 158 pp.
  • Köhler, G. 2008. Reptiles of Central America. 2nd Ed. Herpeton-Verlag, 400 pp.
  • Legler, J.M.& Vogt, R.C. 2013. The Turtles of Mexico: Land and Freshwater Forms. University of California Press, 416 pp. - get paper here
  • Mata-Silva, Vicente, Jerry D. Johnson, Larry David Wilson and Elí García-Padilla. 2015. The herpetofauna of Oaxaca, Mexico: composition, physiographic distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (1): 6–62 - get paper here
  • Mertens, R. 1952. Die Amphibien und Reptilien von El Salvador. Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. (Frankfurt) (No. 487): 120 pp.
  • Neill, Wilfred T. and E. Ross Allen. 1959. Studies on the amphibians and reptiles of British Honduras. Publications of the Research Division Ross Allen's Reptiles Institute. 2 (1): 1-76
  • Pellegrin, N. 2011. Haltung und Nachzucht der Salvin-Kreuzbrustschildkröte, Staurotypus salvinii. Reptilia (Münster) 16 (91): 34-38 - get paper here
  • Sachsse, W. 2011. Vorschläge für die Sommerhaltung von Wasserschildkröten im Freiland. Elaphe 19 (2): 44-45
  • Sachsse, W. & A. A. Schmidt 1976. Nachzucht in der zweiten Generation von Staurotypus salvinii mit weiteren Beobachtungen zum Fortpflanzungsverhalten (Testudines, Kinosternidae). Salamandra 12 (1): 5-16 - get paper here
  • Schilde, M. 2001. Schlammschildkröten: Kinosternon, Sternotherus, Claudius, Staurotypus. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 136 pp. - get paper here
  • Schilde, M. 2003. Family Kinosternidae. Reptilia (GB) (26): 16-21 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, A. A. 1970. Zur Fortpflanzung der Kreuzbrustschildkröte (Staurotypus salvinii) in Gefangenschaft. Salamandra 6 (1-2): 3-10 - get paper here
  • Sites, J.W., Jr., J. W. Bickham, and M. W. Haiduk 1979. Derived X chromosome in the turtle genus Staurotypus. Science 206 (4425):1410-1412 - get paper here
  • Stuart, L. C. 1937. Some further notes on the amphibians and reptiles of the Peten Forest of Northern Guatemala. Copeia 1937 (1): 67-70 - get paper here
  • Stuart, L.C. 1963. A checklist of the herpetofauna of Guatemala. Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan (No. 122): 1-150 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J.; van Dijk, P.P.; Iverson, J.B. & Shaffer, H.B. [turtle taxonomy working group] 2010. Turtles of the World, 2010 Update: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status. Chelonian Research Monographs (ISSN 1088-7105) No. 5, doi:10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v3.2010 - get paper here
  • Valenzuela, N. 2009. Co-Evolution of Genomic Structure and Selective Forces Underlying Sexual Development and Reproduction. Cytogenet Genome Res 127: 232-241 - get paper here
  • Wirth, Michael 2012. Und das alles für die Schildkröten …. Terraria-Elaphe 2012 (2): 84-89 - get paper here
 
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