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Stenocercus chinchaoensis VENEGAS, DURAN & GARCIA-BURNEO, 2013

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Higher TaxaTropiduridae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Chinchao whorltail lizard
Spanish: capón de Chinchao 
SynonymStenocercus chinchaoensis VENEGAS, DURAN & GARCIA-BURNEO 2013 
DistributionC Peru (Huánuco), elevation 1700–1900 m.

Type locality: Dos Aguas (9°48 ́30 ́ ́ S, 75°49 ́59.1 ́ ́ W), 1879 m elevation, Distrito de Chinchao, Provincia de Huánuco, Región de Huánuco, Perú  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: CORBIDI 09024 (Figs. 1, 2), an adult male, collected by K. García-Burneo on 17 March 2011. Paratypes. CORBIDI 09023 and 09025, two adult males from Rinconada (9°48 ́50.1 ́ ́ S 75°47 ́18.2 ́ ́ W), 1766 m, Distrito de Chaglla, Provincia de Pachitea, Región de Huánuco, Peru, collected by K. García-Burneo on 29 March 2011; CORBIDI 09320-22, an adult female, adult male, and juvenile female, respectively, collected from the same area as the holotype by P. J. Venegas and V. Duran on 8 July 2011. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Stenocercus chinchaoensis is distinguished from other species of Stenocercus (except S. boettgeri, S. haenschi, S. humeralis, and S. varius) by having granular scales on the posterior surface of the thighs, enlarged vertebrals, three caudal whorls per autotomic segment, a medially complete antegular fold, non-spinose caudals, and by males lacking a black transverse band on the ventral surface of the neck. In life, Stenocercus chinchaoensis is distinguished from these species by lacking yellow or pale green spots on the dorsum (Fig. 3), with the exception of S. haenschi, and with the ability to change colors between green or water green and grey. Furthermore, S. chinchaoensis has more scales around the midbody (104–107, x=105.66) than S. boettgeri (79–104, x = 88.61), S.
haenschi (57–64, x = 60.50), and S. varius (74–88, x = 82.35) (Torres-Carvajal 2007b); S. chinchaoensis has lateral and dorsal nuchals similar in size (lateral nuchals less than half the size of dorsal nuchals in S. boettgeri, S. haenschi, and S. varius); S. chinchaoensis has the dorsal scales of the neck granular (keeled and imbricate in S. boettgeri, S. haenschi, and S. varius). In addition, males and females of S. boettgeri are larger (maximum SVL =108 and 94 mm, respectively) than S. chinchaoensis (maximum SVL= 86 mm in males and 71 mm in females). Although S. chinchaoensis is similar in scutellation to S. humeralis, the new species can be easily distinguished from the latter by having the scales in the frontonasal region nearly equal in size to the scales in the occipitoparietal region, while in S. humeralis the scales on the frontonasal region are twice or three times longer than the scales on the occipitoparietal region. Another useful character to distinguish between S. humeralis and the new species is the type of postfemoral mite pocket: present in S. chinchaoensis as one or more vertical folds or ridges [Type 1 of Torres-Carvajal (2007b)], but present as a slitlike opening in S. humeralis [Type 2 of Torres-Carvajal (2007b)]. Finally, S. humeralis differs in coloration from the new species by presenting black spots on the gular region in both males and females, however, the spots are diffuse gray or white in the new species. 
CommentAbundance: only known from its original description (Meiri et al. 2017). 
Etymologynamed after the type locality. 
References
  • Kwet, Axel 2014. Liste der im Jahr 2013 neu beschriebenen Reptilien. Terraria-Elaphe 2014 (3): 56-67 - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • VENEGAS, PABLO J.; VILMA DURAN & KARLA GARCIA-BURNEO 2013. A new species of arboreal iguanid lizard, genus Stenocercus (Squamata: Iguania), from central Peru. Zootaxa 3609 (3): 291–301 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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