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Sternotherus odoratus (LATREILLE, 1802)

IUCN Red List - Sternotherus odoratus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaKinosternidae (Kinosterninae), Kinosternoidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Common Musk Turtle, Stinkpot Turtle
G: Gewöhnliche Moschusschildkröte
S: Tortuga Almizclera 
SynonymTestudo odorata LATREILLE in SONNINI & LATREILLE 1802: 122
Testudo glutinata DAUDIN 1802
Terrapene boscii MERREM 1820
Sternothaerus [sic] odoratus BELL 1825
Staurotypus Odoratus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1835: 358
Sternothaerus odoratus — HALLOWELL 1856: 106
Aromochelys odorata — GRAY 1856: 266
Kinosternum guttatum LE CONTE 1854
Ozotheca tristycha AGASSIZ 1857
Cinosternum odoratum BOULENGER 1889
Aromochelys odorata — LOENNBERG 1894
Aromochelys odoratus — RHOADS 1895: 384
Aromochelys tristycha — BRIMLEY 1910: 18
Sternotherus odoratus — CONANT & BERRY 1978
Kinosternon odoratum — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 76
Kinosternon odoratum — IVERSON 1992: 232
Kinosternon odoratum — LINER 1994
Sternotherus odoratus — CONANT & COLLINS 1991
Sternotherus odoratus — CROTHER 2000
Kinosternon odoratum — BONIN et al 2006
Sternotherus odoratus — TTWG 2021 
DistributionCanada (S Ontario, Quebec),
USA ((Rhode Island, coastal Maine, S New Hampshire, Vermont, S New York, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, SE Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, S Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, E Kansas, E Oklahoma, C/E Texas),
Mexico (Chihuahua)

Type locality: "les eaux dormantes de la Caroline"; restricted to "vicinity of Charleston, South Carolina," U.S.A., by Schmidt (1953:87).

Kinosternum guttatum LeConte 1855; Type locality: Pennsylvania;  
Reproductionoviparous with 3-8 eggs. Exhibits temperature‐dependent sex determination (TSD) fide Cornejo-Páramo et al. 2020 (and references therein). 
TypesHolotype: nondesignated: presumed lost: illustrated in the original description (fide IVERSON 1992: 232)
Holotype: ANSP 63 [Kinosternum guttatum]
Syntypes: USNM 69-72, 7890 [Ozotheca tristycha] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1887 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentType species: Testudo odorata LATREILLE 1802: 122 is the type species of the genus Sternotherus GRAY 1825: 211.

Habitat: freshwater (swamps, quiet rivers)

Sexual dimorphism: Hallowell 1856 
EtymologyNamed after Latin odor = smell.

The genus was named after “sternon” (Greek) = the breast, chest; therus from thairos (Greek) = the hinge of a door; the plastron is hinged in the members of the family Kinosternidae. The name Sternotherus has priority over the later name Sternothaerus (Smith & Larsen 1974). 
References
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  • SCHWARZ, SARAH; KARINA MATHES & PETER WOHLSEIN. 2021. Rhabdomyosarcoma on the Forelimb of a Common Musk Turtle (Sternotherus odoratus). Journal of Comparative Pathology 186: 73–76. - get paper here
  • Seburn, David; Mackenzie Burns 2021. Overland movement by an eastern musk turtle (Sternotherus odoratus). Herpetology Notes 14: 775-776
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  • Smith, H. M.; Larsen, K. R. 1974. The generic name of the North American musk turtles. Great Basin Naturalist 34 (1): 42-44 - get paper here
  • Soehren, Eric C. and John A. Trent. 2014. Geographical Distribution: Sternotherus odoratus (eastern musk turtle). Herpetological Review 45 (4): 657-658 - get paper here
  • Stejneger, Leonhard 1923. Rehabilitation of a hitherto overlooked species of musk turtle of the southern states. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 62 (6): 1-3 - get paper here
  • STEVENSON, DIRK J. et al. 2021. New County Records for Amphibians and Reptiles in Georgia, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (2): 350-359
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  • Swanson, Romey L. and J. Eric Lee. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Sternotherus odoratus (eastern musk turtle). Herpetological Review 46 (2): 215 - get paper here
  • Thomas, E., & Trautman, M. 1937. Segregated Hibernation of Sternotherus odoratus (Latreille). Copeia, 1937(4), 231-231 - get paper here
  • Thompson, D. 2012. Geographic distribution: Sternotherus odoratus (eastern musk turtle). Herpetological Review 43: 304 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here
  • Tucker, John K.; Dolan, Chad R.; Lamer, James T. 2008. Sternotherus odoratus (Stinkpot) Minimum Size/ Growth. Herpetological Review 39 (1):83-84 - get paper here
  • Tucker, John K.;Theiling, Charles H. 1994. Sternotherus odoratus (common musk turtle). USA: Missouri. Herpetological Review 25 (1): 32 - get paper here
  • Tucker, John K.;Warner, Daniel A. 1997. Geographic Distribution. Sternotherus odoratus. Herpetological Review 28 (4): 209 - get paper here
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