You are here » home › advanced search › search results › Thamnophis saurita

Thamnophis saurita (LINNAEUS, 1766)

iNaturalist logo

Can you confirm these amateur observations of Thamnophis saurita?

Add your own observation of
Thamnophis saurita »

Find more photos by Google images search: Google images

Higher TaxaColubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesThamnophis saurita nitae ROSSMAN 1963
Thamnophis saurita sackenii (KENNICOTT 1859)
Thamnophis saurita saurita (LINNAEUS 1766)
Thamnophis saurita septentrionalis ROSSMAN 1963 
Common NamesE: Eastern Ribbonsnake
nitae: Bluestripe Ribbon Snake
sackenii: Peninsula Ribbon Snake
sauritus: Eastern Ribbon Snake
septentrionalis: Northern Ribbon Snake
G: Östliche Streifen-Strumpfbandnatter, Östliche Bändernatter 
SynonymColuber saurita LINNAEUS 1766: 385
Coluber saurita — GRAVENHORST 1807: 401
Tropidonotus saurita — SCHLEGEL 1837: 323
Leptophis sauritus — HOLBROOK 1842
Eutaenia saurita — BAIRD & GIRARD 1853
Tropidonotus saurita — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 585
Prymnomiodon chalceus COPE 1861: 558 (fide ROSSMANN 1996)
Tropidonotus saurita — GARMAN 1884: 23
Tropidonotus nicobaricus SCLATER 1891: 231 (fide Lee et al. 2023)
Tropidonotus nicobariensis SCLATER 1891: 241
Tropidonotus saurita — BOULENGER 1893: 212
Tropidonotus nicobariensis — BOULENGER 1893: 192
Eutaenia saurita — COPE 1900: 1020
Tropidonotus nicobariensis — ANNANDALE 1905
Thamnophis sauritus — STONE 1906
Thamnophis saurita — SURFACE 1906
Thamnophis sauritus — RUTHVEN 1908
Natrix nicobarensis — WALL 1910: 601
Thamnophis sauritus chalceus — DUNN 1940
Thamnophis sauritus chalceus — SMITH 1942
Natrix nicobarensis [sic] — SMITH 1943: 289
Thamnophis sauritus chalceus — SMITH et al. 1950: 577
Thamnophis sirtalis chalceus — TAYLOR 1951: 36
Thamnophis sauritus chalceus — MERTENS 1952: 76
Paranatrix nicobariensis — MAHENDRA 1984: 246
Thamnophis sauritus sauritus — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 170
Amphiesma nicobarensis — DAS 1996: 53
Thamnophis sauritus — ROSSMAN 1996: 248
Amphiesma nicobariense — DAVID, VOGEL & PAUWELS 1998
Thamnophis sauritus — CROTHER et al. 2012
Thamnophis sauritus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 725
Hebius nicobariense — GUO et al. 2014: 438
Amphiesma nicobarense — WALLACH et al. 2014: 31 (in error)
Thamnophis saurita — KRAUS & CAMERON 2016
Thamnophis saurita — FRETEY 2019
Hebius nicobariensis — YHOU 2019: 78
Hebius nicobariensis — DAVID et al. 2021

Thamnophis saurita nitae ROSSMAN 1963
Thamnophis sauritus nitae ROSSMAN 1963: 163
Thamnophis sauritus nitae — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 171
Thamnophis sauritus nitae — CROTHER 2000
Thamnophis sauritus nitae — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 118
Thamnophis sauritus nitae — CROTHER et al. 2012

Thamnophis saurita sackenii (KENNICOTT 1859)
Eutaenia sackenii KENNICOTT 1859
Thamnophis sackenii — LOENNBERG 1894
Eutaenia sackenii — COPE 1900: 1019
Thamnophis sackenii — VAN HYNING 1931
Thamnophis sauritus sackenii — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 171
Thamnophis sauritus sackenii — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 117
Thamnophis sauritus sackenii — SONNENBERG 2006
Thamnophis sauritus sackenii — CROTHER et al. 2012

Thamnophis saurita saurita (LINNAEUS 1766)
Thamnophis sauritus sauritus — CROTHER 2000
Thamnophis sauritus sauritus — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 114
Thamnophis sauritus sauritus — CROTHER et al. 2012
Thamnophis sauritus sauritus — GUYER et al. 2018

Thamnophis saurita septentrionalis ROSSMAN 1963
Thamnophis sauritus septentrionalis ROSSMAN 1963: 159
Thamnophis sauritus septentrionalis — CROTHER 2000
Thamnophis sauritus septentrionalis — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 116
Thamnophis sauritus septentrionalis — CROTHER et al. 2012 
DistributionSE Canada (Nova Scotia, Quebec: Ottawa River, Ontario),
USA (SE Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Kentucky, SE Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Michigan, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, S Maine)

Introduced to the Bahamas ([HR 29: 55], Johnson & Francois 2018)

nitae: S USA (Florida); Type locality: "McDonald Slough, St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge, Wakulla County, Florida."

sackenii: S USA (Florida), Type locality: "Florida."

sauritus: E USA (Alabama, Mississippi, Lousiana, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Michigan, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, S Maine); Type locality: South Carolina, Charleston County, Charleston [neotype]

septentrionalis: USA (Wisconsin, Michigan, New York etc.?), Canada (Nova Scotia, Quebec, Ontario); Type locality: "Michigan Hollow, near Ithaca, Tompkins County, NY”.  
Reproductionovoviviparous. 
TypesNeotype: FMNH 73119, designated by Schmidt & Conant 1956.
Holotype: ZSI 8895, from “Camorta in the Nicobars” ((Nicobar Island, India, in error) [Tropidonotus nicobariensis]
Holotype: UF 12150 (formerly Florida State Museum of Natural History) [nitae]
Holotype: lost (presumed) fide Rossman 1970, but originally deposited in the collection of Northwestern University, collected by Baron Osten Sacken [sackenii]
Holotype: UF 12179 (formerly Florida State Museum of Natural History) [septentrionalis]

 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (2843 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentType species: Coluber saurita LINNAEUS 1766 is the type species of the genus Thamnophis FITZINGER 1843: 26. Thamnophis is also the type genus of the tribe Thamnophiini (including Thamnophis, Regina, Liodytes, Regina, and Storeria, fide McVay & Carstens 2013).

Thamnophis are usually considered as a harmless species. However, there are several reports in the literature that describe symptoms of envenomation after Thamnophis bites (e.g. Gomez et al. 1994, Jansen & Foerhing 1983, Jansen 1987). However, garter snakes are usually not agressive and bite very rarely.

Synonymy: Kaiser et al. 2013 rejected the (sub-) generic names Brucerogersus Hoser 2012, Gregshwedoshus Hoser 2012, Neilsonnemanus Hoser 2012, Pughus Hoser 2012, Whybrowus Hoser 2012 as invalid.

Phylogenetics: for a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus see Hallas et al. 2022, who also provide a phyologenetic analysis of diet and other traits. Hallas et al. also synonymized Adelophis with Thamnophis although the former is somewhat different morphologically (see also T. copei, the type species of Adelophis).

Distribution: Neill & Allen 1959 reported Thamnophis sauritus chalceus from British Honduras (Belize). Not in Mexico, although erroneously reported from Tamaulipas (O. Flores-Villlea, pers. comm., 21 June 2021). 
EtymologyIt has been asserted that “The specific name sauritus is New Latin, meaning lizardlike” (Rossman 1970:99.1). This is incorrect for two reasons. First, the root sauros is Latinized Greek, not New Latin. Secondly, the suffix –ita does not mean “like”; it is a Spanish diminutive for feminine nouns. Kraus & Cameron (2016) have found no other explanation offered in the historical literature for the etymological origin of this name.
The Greek masculine a-stem noun σαυρίτης means “a kind of serpent.” Linnaeus correctly latinized the Greek masculine a-stem word as saurita, a noun in apposition ending in short “a”. Its emendation to sauritus by Holbrook (1842) was unjustified; hence, the proper name for this snake is Thamnophis saurita (Kraus & Cameron 2016, Fretey 2019).

The genus name Thamnophis is derived from the Greek "thamnos" (bush) and "ophis" (snake) . 
References
  • Allen, Morrow J. 1932. A survey of the Amphibians and reptiles of Harrison County, Mississippi. American Museum Novitates (542): 1-20 - get paper here
  • Amiel, Joshua J.; Wassersug, Richard J. 2010. Temperature differentials between the bodies and tails of ribbon snakes (Thamnophis sauritus): ecological and physiological implications. Amphibia-Reptilia 31: 257-263 - get paper here
  • Baird, S. F. and C. Girard. 1853. Catalogue of North American Reptiles in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Part 1.-Serpents. Smithsonian Inst., Washington, xvi + 172 pp. - get paper here
  • Beane, J C 2019. New geographic distribution records for reptiles from North Carolina, USA. Herpetological Review 50 (3): 538-542 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here
  • Bourguignon, T. 2002. Strumpfbandnattern: Herkunft - Pflege - Arten. E. Ulmer Verlag, 125 pp.
  • Buckner,S.D. & Franz, R. 1998. Geographic distribution: Thamnophis sauritus sackenii. Herpetological Review 29 (1): 55 - get paper here
  • Burbrink FT, Futterman I. 2019. Female‐ biased gape and body-size dimorphism in the New World watersnakes (tribe: Thamnophiini) oppose predictions from Rensch's rule. Ecol Evol. 00:1–10
  • Camper, Jeffrey D. 2019. The Reptiles of South Carolina. University of South Carolina Press, 288 pp. [review in Copeia 107 (3): 590, 2019] - get paper here
  • Cannatella, David C.;Smith, Hobart M. 1993. A consensus on the spelling of certain snake family-group names. Herpetological Review 24 (1): 13-14 - get paper here
  • Casper, Gary S. 2008. An Annotated Checklist of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Wisconsin. Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 43(5): 1-7 - get paper here
  • Christman, S. P. 1980. Patterns of geographic variation in Florida snakes. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum of Biological Sciences 25 (3): 1 (157?)-256 - get paper here
  • Collins, J.T. and T. W. Taggart 2002. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Fifth Edition. Center for North American Herpetology, 52 pp.
  • Colvin, Robert and Jeremy Dennison. 2014. Geographic Distribution: Thamnophis sauritus (eastern ribbonsnake). Herpetological Review 45 (2): 286 - get paper here
  • Conant, Roger 1938. The Reptiles of Ohio. American Midland Naturalist 20 (1): 1-200 - get paper here
  • Conant,R. & Collins,J.T. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern/Central North America, 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin (Boston/New York), xx + 450 p.
  • Cope, E.D. 1900. The crocodilians, lizards and snakes of North America. Ann. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. 1898: 153-1270 - get paper here
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.) 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. Herpetological Circular 39: 1-92
  • David P., G. Vogel & Pauwels,O. 1998. Amphiesma optatum (Hu & Djao, 1966) (Serpentes, Colubridae): an addition to the snake fauna of Vietnam, with a list of the species of the genus Amphiesma and a note on its type species. Journal of Taiwan Museum 51 (2): 83-92 - get paper here
  • DAVID, PATRICK; GERNOT VOGEL, TRUONG QUANG NGUYEN, NIKOLAI L. ORLOV, OLIVIER S. G. PAUWELS, ALEXANDRE TEYNIÉ, THOMAS ZIEGLER 2021. A revision of the dark-bellied, stream-dwelling snakes of the genus Hebius (Reptilia: Squamata: Natricidae) with the description of a new species from China, Vietnam and Thailand. Zootaxa 4911: 1–61 - get paper here
  • Dowling, Herndon G. 1951. A practical solution of the nomenclature of the common gartersnake and the ribbonsnake. Copeia 1951 (4): 309-310 - get paper here
  • Dunn,E. R. 1940. Notes on some American lizards and snakes in the Museum at Goteborg. Herpetologica 1: 189-194 - get paper here
  • Enge, Kevin M. 2009. Venomous and non-venomous snakes of Florida. Publication of the Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission. 16 pp.
  • Enge, Kevin M. 2015. Thamnophis sauritus sackenii (peninsula ribbonsnake) defensive behavior / death feigning. Herpetological Review 46 (3): 455 - get paper here
  • Ernst, C.H., & Barbour, R.W. 1989. Snakes of eastern North America. George Mason Univ. Press, Fairfax, VA 282 pp.
  • FRÉTEY, THIERRY 2019. Capitalised epithets in the works of Linnaeus (1758‒1767): findings and consequences in herpetology. Bionomina 16 (1): 22–45 - get paper here
  • Garman, Samuel 1884. The reptiles and batrachians of North America. Mem. Mus. comp. Zool, Cambridge (Massachusetts), 8 (3): xxxiv + 185 pp. [1883] [CNAH reprint 10] - get paper here
  • Gartside, Donald F.;Rogers, James S.;Dessauer, Herbert C. 1977. Speciation with Little Genic and Morphological Differentiation in the Ribbon Snakes Thamnophis proximus and T. sauritus (Colubridae). Copeia 1977 (4): 697-705 - get paper here
  • Gilbert, Carter R. 1974. Catalogue of type specimens in the Department of Natural Sciences, Florida State Museum. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum Biological Sciences 18 (2): 102-120 - get paper here
  • Gilhen, John, Alice Jones, Jeffie McNeil, and Arthur W. Tanner 2012. A Significant Range Extension for the Eastern Ribbonsnake, Thamnophis sauritus, in Nova Scotia, Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist 126(3): 231–233 - get paper here
  • Gomez, H. F., M. Davis, S. Phillips, P. McKinney, and J. Brent. 1994. Human envenomation from a wandering garter snake. Annals of Emergency Medicine 23(5):1119-1122 - get paper here
  • Gravenhorst, J. L. C. 1807. Vergleichende Übersicht des Linneischen und einiger neueren zoologischen Systeme, nebst dem eingeschalteten Verzeichnisse der zoologischen Sammlung des Verfassers und den Beschreibungen neuer Thierarten, die in derselben vorhanden sind. Heinrich Dietrich, Göttingen: i-xvi + 1-476. - get paper here
  • Green, N.B., & Pauley, T.K. 1987. Amphibians and reptiles in West Virginia. Univ. of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, 241 pp.
  • Grübner, Daniel 2014. Farbformen bei Strumpfbandnattern. Ein Blick in die Vergangenheit, das Heute und die Trends von Morgen. Draco 16 (57): 16-27 - get paper here
  • GUO, PENG; FEI ZHU, QIN LIU, LIANG ZHANG, JIAN X. LI, YU Y. HUANG & R. ALEXANDER PYRON 2014. A taxonomic revision of the Asian keelback snakes, genus Amphiesma (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 3873 (4): 425–440 - get paper here
  • Guyer, Craig; Mark A. Bailey, and Robert H. Mount 2018. Lizards and snakes of Alabama. University of Alabama Press, 397 pp. - get paper here
  • HALLAS, JOSHUA M.; THOMAS L. PARCHMAN & CHRIS R. FELDMAN. 2021. Phylogenomic analyses resolve relationships among garter snakes (Thamnophis: Natricinae: Colubridae) and elucidate biogeographic history and morphological evolution. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 107374. [2022 in print] - get paper here
  • Hallmen, M. & Chlebowy, J. 2001. Strumpfbandnattern. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 192 pp. - get paper here
  • Hallmen, M. & Sonnenberg, J. 2006. Hilfen zur Unterscheidung einiger Unterarten und Farbformen bei Strumpfbandnattern (1.-3. T. s. sirtalis, T. s. similis; 4. T. proximus, T. sauritus, T. radix, T. s. sirtalis). Draco 6 (25): 50-59 - get paper here
  • Holbrook, John E. 1842. North American Herpetology; or, A description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States. Vol I (2nd ed.). J. Dobson, Philadelphia, 152 pp. - get paper here
  • Hoser, R.T. 2012. A review of the North American garter snakes genus Thamnophis Fitzinger, 1843 (Serpentes: Colubridae). Australasian J. Herpetol. 12: 48–53. - get paper here
  • Hunter, M.L., Jr., Albright, J., & Arbuckle, J., eds. 1992. The amphibians and reptiles of Maine. Maine Agric. Experiment Station, Orono, Bull. 838 188 pp.
  • Jansen, D. W. 1987. The myonecrotic effect of Duvernoy's gland secretion of the snake Thamnophis elegans vagrans. Journal of Herpetology 21(1):81-83 - get paper here
  • Jansen, D. W. and R. C. Foehring. 1983. The mechanism of venom secretion from Duvernoy's gland of the snake Thamnophis sirtalis. Journal of Morphology 175(3):271-277 - get paper here
  • Jensen, John B.; Carlos D. Camp, Whit Gibbons, & Matt J. Elliott 2008. Amphibians and reptiles of Georgia. University of Georgia Press, 575 pp.
  • Johnson, Scott and Kristoff Francois 2018. First record of an Eastern Ribbonsnake (Thamnophis sauritus) from Paradise Island, The Bahamas. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 25 (3): 214 S - get paper here
  • Kaiser, H.; Crother, B.I.; Kelly, C.M.R.; Luiselli, L.; O’Shea, M.; Ota, H.; Passos, P.; Schleip, W.D. & Wüster, W. 2013. Best Practices: In the 21st Century, Taxonomic Decisions in Herpetology are Acceptable Only When Supported by a Body of Evidence and Published via Peer-Review. Herpetological Review 44 (1): 8-23
  • Kennicott, R. 1859. Notes on Coluber calligaster of Say, and a description of a new species of Serpents in the collection of the north Western University of Evanston,Ill. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 11: 98-100 - get paper here
  • King, Richard B.; Oldham, Michael J.; Weller, Wayne F.; Wynn, Douglas. 1997. Historic and current amphibian and reptile distributions in the Island Region of Western Lake Erie. American Midland Naturalist 138(1):153-173 - get paper here
  • Kraus, Fred and H. Don Cameron. 2016. A note on the proper nomenclature for the snake currently known as Thamnophis sauritus. Herpetological Review 47 (1): 74-75 - get paper here
  • Laita, Mark 2013. Serpentine. Abrams and PQ Blackwell, Auckland, New Zealand, 200 unnumbered pages
  • Langford, Gabriel and Joel A. Borden. 2006. Thamnophis sauritus sauritus Maximum size. Herpetological Review 37 (1): 95 - get paper here
  • Langford, Gabriel J.; Borden, Joel A. 2006. Thamnophis sauritus sauritus (Eastern ribbon snake). Maximum size. Herpetological Review 37 (1): 95 - get paper here
  • Langford, Gabriel J.; Joel A. Borden, and David H. Nelson 2011. Ecology of the Eastern Ribbonsnake (Thamnophis sauritus) in Southern Alabama with Evidence of Seasonal Multiple Broods. Herp. Cons. Biol. 6 (3) - get paper here
  • LEE, J. L., CHANDRAMOULI, S., & BAUER, A. M. 2023. Tropidonotus nicobarensis Sclater, 1891 is a junior synonym of Thamnophis saurita (Linnaeus, 1766)(Squamata: Serpentes: Natricinae). Zootaxa 5285 (1): 133-148 - get paper here
  • Linné, C. von [= Linnaeus, C.] 1766. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio duodecima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, Holmiae. 1-532 pp. - get paper here
  • Linzey, D.W., & Clifford, M.J. 1981. Snakes of Virgina. Univ. Press of Virginia, Charlottesville 159 pp.
  • Little, C. 2012. Geographic distribution: Thamnophis sauritus (eastern ribbonsnake). Herpetological Review 43: 310 - get paper here
  • Lönnberg, Einar 1894. Notes on reptiles and batrachians collected in Florida in 1892 and 1893. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 17 (1003): 317-339 - get paper here
  • Mahendra B C 1984. Handbook of the snakes of India, Ceylon, Burma, Bangladesh and Pakistan. ANNALS OF ZOOLOGY (AGRA) 22 (B): i-xvi, 1-412
  • Martin, Plul S. 1958. A biogeography of reptiles and amphibians in the Gomez Farias Region, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Miscellaneous publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (101): 1-102 + 7 plates - get paper here
  • Mays, Jonathan D., Enge, Kevin M., Emerick, Adam and Hill, E. Pierson 2017. New island records for reptiles in the Florida Keys, Monroe County, Florida, USA. Herpetological Review 48 (1): 145-146 - get paper here
  • Meade, L. 2005. Kentucky Snakes: Their Identification, Variation, and Distribution. CNAH, Kansas, 323 pp.
  • Mitchell, J. C. & Reay, K.K. 1999. Atlas of amphibians and reptiles in Virginia. Specialty Publication 1, VA Dept of Game and Fisheries, 122 pp. - get paper here
  • Mitchell, J.C. 1994. The reptiles of Virginia. Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, ca. 350 pp.
  • Neff, Matthew 2019. Virginia Herpetological Society 2018 Annual Spring Survey, Lake Anna State Park in Spotsylvania County, Virginia. Catesbeiana 39 (2): 82-96 - get paper here
  • Neill, Wilfred T. and E. Ross Allen. 1959. Studies on the amphibians and reptiles of British Honduras. Publications of the Research Division Ross Allen's Reptiles Institute. 2 (1): 1-76
  • Palmer, W.M. & Braswell, A.L. 1995. Reptiles of North Carolina. Univ. North Carolina Press
  • Perry, David A. 2013. Virginia Herpetological Society Survey of Back Bay NWR and False Cape State Park. Catesbeiana 33 (2): 48-61 - get paper here
  • Phillips, JG 2016. Updated Geographic Distributions of Michigan Herpetofauna: a Synthesis of Old and New Sources. The Journal of North American Herpetology 2016: 45–69 - get paper here
  • Phillips, John G. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Thamnophis sauritus (eastern ribbonsnake). Herpetological Review 46 (4): 578 - get paper here
  • Pyron, R.Alexander; Frank T. Burbrink 2009. Neogene diversification and taxonomic stability in the snake tribe Lampropeltini (Serpentes: Colubridae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 52 (2): 524-529 - get paper here
  • Queiroz, Alan de; Robin Lawson and Julio A. Lemos-Espinal 2002. Phylogenetic Relationships of North American Garter Snakes (Thamnophis) Based on Four Mitochondrial Genes: How Much DNA Sequence Is Enough? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 22: 315-329 - get paper here
  • Rossman, D. A. 1963. The colubrid snake genus Thamnophis: A revision of the sauritus group. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum 7: 99-178. - get paper here
  • Rossman, Douglas A. 1961. Nomenclatural status of the Neotropical subspecies of the colubrid snake, Thamnophis sauritus. Notulae Naturae (340): 1-2
  • Rossman, Douglas A. 1970. Thamnophis sauritus. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (99): 1-2 - get paper here
  • Rossman, Douglas A.; Ford, Neil B. & Seigel, Richard A. 1996. The Garter Snakes: Evolution and Ecology. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK, xx + 332 + pp.
  • Ruthven,A.G. 1908. Variations and genetic relationships of the garter-snakes. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 61: 201 pp. - get paper here
  • Ryerson, William G. 2017. A Novel Form of Behavioral Camouflage in Colubrid Snakes. Copeia Jun 2017, 105 (2): 363–367 - get paper here
  • Schlegel, H. 1837. Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. Partie Descriptive. La Haye (J. Kips, J. HZ. et W. P. van Stockum), 606 S. + xvi - get paper here
  • Sclater,W.L. 1891. Notes on a collection of snakes in the Indian Museum, with descriptions of several new species. J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal LX: 230-250 - get paper here
  • Skubowius, Bernd 2008. Auf den Spuren von Carl Kauffeld durch New Jersey – nicht nur der Kiefernattern, Pituophis m. melanoleucus (Daudin, 1803) wegen. Ophidia 2 (1): 18-29 - get paper here
  • Smith, H.M. & O. Flores-Villela. 1988. Nombres científicos de anfibios y reptiles de México oficialmente conservados por la Comisión Internacional de Nomenclatura Zoológica hasta 1985. Acta Zoologica Mexicana 26: 33-38 - get paper here
  • Smith, Hobart M. 1942. The synonymy of the garter snakes (Thamnophis), with notes on Mexican and Central American species. Zoologica, Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society 27 (3 and 4): 97-123 - get paper here
  • Smith, Hobart M.; Nixon, C. William; Smith, Philip W. 1950. Mexican and Central American garter snakes (Thamnophis) in the British Museum (Natural History). Zool. J. Linnean Soc. 41 (282): 571-584 - get paper here
  • Sonnenberg, J. 2006. Die Bändernattern. Draco 6 (25): 40-49 - get paper here
  • Spinner, Leo 2017. Auf Schlangensuche in Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Terraria-Elaphe 2017 (1): 14-24 - get paper here
  • STEVENSON, DIRK J. et al. 2021. New County Records for Amphibians and Reptiles in Georgia, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (2): 350-359
  • Stone, W. 1906. Notes on reptiles and batrachians of Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware. American Naturalist 40:159–170 - get paper here
  • Surface, H. A. 1906. The Serpents of Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania State Department of Agriculture Monthly Bulletin 4 (4/5): 114-208 + 27 Plates - get paper here
  • Taylor,E.H. 1951. A brief review ot the snakes of Costa Rica. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 34 (1): 3-188 - get paper here
  • Tennant, A. 2003. Snakes of North America - Eastern and Central Regions, revised edition. Lone Star Books, 605 pp.
  • Tennant, A. & Bartlett, R.D. 2000. Snakes of North America - Eastern and Central Regions. Gulf Publishing, Houston, TX, 588 pp.
  • Terrell, Vanessa C., Jaimie L. Klemish, Nathan J. Engbecht, John A. May, Peter J. Lannoo, Rochelle M. Stiles, and Michael J. Lannoo. 2014. Amphibian and reptile colonization of reclaimed coal spoil grasslands. The Journal of North American Herpetology 2014(1):59-68 - get paper here
  • Todd, Josie; Wassersug, Richard 2010. Caudal pseudoautotomy in the Eastern Ribbon Snake Thamnophis sauritus. Amphibia-Reptilia 31: 213-215 - get paper here
  • Vijayakumar, S. P. and Patrick David 2006. Taxonomy, Natural History, and Distribution of the Snakes of the Nicobar Islands (INDIA), based on new materials and with an Emphasis on endemic species. Russ. J. Herpetol. 13 (1): 11 – 40
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Ziegler, T., and Quyet, L.K. 2006. A new natricine snake of the genus Amphiesma (Squamata: Colubridae: Natricinae) from the central Truong Son, Vietnam. Zootaxa 1225: 39-56 - get paper here
 
External links  
Is it interesting? Share with others:

As link to this species use URL address:

https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Thamnophis&species=saurita

without field 'search_param'. Field 'search_param' is used for browsing search result.



Please submit feedback about this entry to the curator