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Timon pater (LATASTE, 1880)

IUCN Red List - Timon pater - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaLacertidae, Lacertinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymLacerta ocellata DAUDIN 1802 part.
Lacerta ocellata pater LATASTE 1880: 306
Lacerta ocellata var. viridissima — BOETTGER 1885: 466
Lacerta ocellata var. pater — BOULENGER 1920
Lacerta ocellata — LAURENT 1935: 346
Lacerta ocellata pater — HEDIGER 1935
Lacerta lepida pater — ANGEL 1946
Lacerta (Gallotia) lepida — PETERS 1961
Lacerta lepida pater — LANGERWERF 1981
Lacerta pater — BISCHOFF 1982
Lacerta pater — SCHLEICH, KÄSTLE & KABISCH 1996: 412
Timon pater — MAYER & BISCHOFF 1996: 169
Timon pater — ARNOLD et al. 2007
Timon pater — AHMADZADEH et al. 2016 
DistributionAlgeria, Tunisia, Morocco ?, elevation up to 2111 m (Atlas, Algeria)

pater: eastern part of Morocco, E of Oued Moulouya Valley, Algeria

Type locality: not specifically given by Lataste, who says “ " Tres commun a Alger, Sétif, Bone, Batna, Lambèze, etc...". Mayer 2015 effectively restricted the type locality to “Sétif in Algerien” although he did not explicitly mentioning a restriction.  
Reproductionoviparous 
Typessyntype: MCZ R-4613 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 2562 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSubspecies: Timon pater tangitana (BOULENGER, 1889) has been elevated to full species status.

Distribution: See AHMADZADEH et al. 2016: Fig. 1 for a map. Not in Morocco but possibly in Morocco (Martínez et al. 2019, and pers. comm. 18 Jan 2021).

Elevation: the max. elevation previously reported was 2650 m, but this represented t. tangitanus, not T. pater (Bouam et al. 2017).

Reference images: see Uetz et al. 2024 for high-resolution reference images for this species. 
EtymologyApparently named after Latin pater = father, but Lataste does not explain the name. 
References
  • Ahmadzadeh, Faraham; Morris Flecks, Miguel A. Carretero, Wolfgang Böhme, Flora Ihlow, Paschalia Kapli, Andreia Miraldo and Dennis Rödder 2016. Separate histories in both sides of the Mediterranean: phylogeny and niche evolution of ocellated lizards. Journal of Biogeography; DOI: 10.1111/jbi.12703 - get paper here
  • Arnold, E.N.; Arribas, O. & Carranza, S. 2007. Systematics of the Palaearctic and Oriental lizard tribe Lacertini (Squamata: Lacertidae: Lacertinae), with descriptions of eight new genera. Zootaxa 1430: 1-86 - get paper here
  • Bezaz, Y. I., Hadjab, R., Khammar, H., Redjaimia, L., & Saheb, M. 2021. First data on the diversity of the herpetofauna of the Oum El Bouaghi Region (Northeast of Algeria). Ecol. Env. & Cons. 27 (3): 983-989
  • Bischoff, W. 1985. Lacerta, (Timon) pater LATASTE, 1880. Sauria 7 (4) Suppl.: 029–030 - get paper here
  • Boettger, O. 1885. Liste der von Hrn. Dr. med. W. Kobelt in Algerien und Tunisien gesammelten Kriechtiere. In W. Kobelt (editor), Reiseerinnerungen aus Algerien und Tunis. Berichte der Senckenbergischen Naturforschungs Gesellschaft 1885: 452–475 - get paper here
  • Bouam, I., Abdennebi, A., Chaouch, L. T., Lemoufek, T., Benmokhtar, E., Mebarki, T., ... & Messaoudi, T. 2025. Atlas of the herpetofauna of Batna Province and the Belezma Biosphere Reserve, north-eastern Algeria. Acta Herpetologica - get paper here
  • Bouam, Idriss; Abdeldjabar Necer, Messaoud Saoudi 2017. Highest altitudinal record of the ocellated lizard Timon pater (Lataste, 1880) (Squamata: Lacertidae). Herpetology Notes 10: 101-102 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1891. Catalogue of the reptiles and batrachians of Barbary (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia), based chiefly upon the notes and collections made in 1880-1884 by M. Fernand Lataste. Tr. Zool. Soc. 13: 93-164
  • Busack S D. 1987. Morphological and biochemical differentiation in Spanish and Moroccan populations of the lizard, Lacerta lepida. Journal of Herpetology 21 (4): 277-284 - get paper here
  • Escoriza, Daniel 2017. Patterns of alpha diversity among Tunisian lizards (Lacertidae). Journal of Arid Environments - get paper here
  • Galán, F. 1931. Batracios y reptiles del Marruecos español. Bol. Soc. Española Hist. Nat. 31(5): 361-367 - get paper here
  • Hediger, H. 1935. Herpetologische Beobachtungen in Marokko. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel 46: 1-49
  • Langerwerf, B. 1981. Nigrinos bei der Nachzucht von Lacerta lepida pater. Herpetofauna 3 (12): 21-22 - get paper here
  • Lataste, F. 1880. Diagnoses de reptiles nouveaux d’Algérie. Le Naturaliste 1:299, 306—307, 325 - get paper here
  • Laurent, P. 1935. Contribution à la connalssance de la faune des Vertebres du Maroc (Batraciens, Reptiles, Mammiferes). Bull. Soc. d’Hist. nat. de l’Afrique du Nord 26: 344-359
  • Martínez del Mármol, Gabriel; D. James Harris, Philippe Geniez, Philip de Pous, and Daniele Salvi 2019. Amphibians and Reptiles of Morocco. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 478 pp - get paper here
  • Mateo, J. A., A. Santana & P. Geniez 2004. Moroccan ocellated lizard in Western Sahara; answer to an old enigma. Herpetozoa 17 (3/4): 187-189 [2004] - get paper here
  • Mateo, J.A.;Lopezjurado, L.F.;Guillaume, C.P. 1996. Proteic and morphological variations in ocellated lizards (Lacertidae): A complex of species across the Strait of Gibraltar. Comptes Rendus de L Academie Des Sciences Serie III - Sciences de La Vie - Life Sciences 319 (8): 737-746
  • Mayer, W., and Bischoff, W. 1996. Beiträge zur taxonomischen Revision der Gattung Lacerta (Reptilia: Lacertidae). Teil 1: Zootoca, Omanosaura, Timon und Teira als eigenständige Gattungen. Salamandra 32 (3): 163-170 - get paper here
  • Mediani, Mohamed; José Carlos Brito, Soumia Fahd 2015. Atlas of the amphibians and reptiles of northern Morocco: updated distribution and patterns of habitat selection. Basic and Applied Herpetology 29: - get paper here
  • Messaoud, S., Mohamed, B., Abdeldjabar, N., Houria, B., Zohra, N., & Farouk, K. 2024. Herpetofauna of Belezma Biosphere Reserve, province of Batna, northeastern Algeria. Afr. J.Bio.Sc. 6(15) - get paper here
  • Odierna,G. et al. 1990. Karyological differences beween Lacerta lepida and Lacerta pater. Journal of Herpetology 24 (1): 97-99 - get paper here
  • Peters, G. 1961. Die Perleidechse (Lacerta lepida Daudin) gehört zum Subgenus Gallotia Boulenger. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 37(2): 272–285.
  • Rouag R, Ziane N, De Sousa M 2024. A tentative list of reptilian fauna of Algeria and their conservation status. Biodiversity Data Journal 12: e120471 - get paper here
  • Rouag, Rachid; Berrahma, Ilhem; Luiselli, Luca 2006. Food habits and daily activity patterns of the North African ocellated lizard Timon pater from northeastern Algeria. Journal of Natural History 40 (21-22): 1369-1379 - get paper here
  • Saoudi, Messaoud; Abdeldjabar Necer, Idriss Bouam, Farouk Khelfaoui & Oussama Saadi 2017. Daily activity, biometry and diet of the North African ocellated lizard Timon pater in Mount Chélia, north-eastern Algeria. African Journal of Herpetology 66 (1): 1-11 - get paper here
  • Schleich, H.H., Kästle,W., Kabisch, K. 1996. Amphibians and Reptiles of North Africa. Koeltz, Koenigstein, 627 pp.
  • Schlüter, U. 2004. Die Herpetofauna des Mittleren Atlas von Marokko. Reptilia (Münster) 9 (45): 42-49 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R. & Jeremcenko, V.K. 2008. The reptiles of the Western Palearctic. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 579 pp. - get paper here
  • Uetz, P.H.; Patel, M.; Gbadamosi, Z.; Nguyen, A.; Shoope, S. 2024. A Reference Database of Reptile Images. Taxonomy 4: 723–732 - get paper here
 
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