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Toxicocalamus lamingtoni (KINGHORN, 1928)

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Higher TaxaElapidae (Hydrophiinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Mount Lamington forest snake 
SynonymApisthocalamus lamingtoni KINGHORN 1928: 290
Apistocalamus lamingtoni – ROUX 1934: 79
Toxicocalamus (Apistocalamus) loriae (part) – MCDOWELL 1969: 456
Toxicocalamus loriae X T. stanleyanus (part) – MCDOWELL 1969: 485
Toxicocalamus loriae Clade 3 – STRICKLAND et al. 2016: 671
Toxicocalamus lamingtoni — KRAUS et al. 2022: 1015 
DistributionPapua New Guinea (northern versant of the Owen Stanley Mts. in Oro Province and southern Morobe Province, elevations from 100– 940 m)

Type locality: Mount Lamington district, Northern Division, Papua.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: AMS R9351, collected by by C. Terence McNamara; paratypes: AMS R9352, R61072 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: “A modestly sized member of the T. loriae Group (male SVL up to 428 mm, female SVL up to 500 mm), with the following unique combination of characters: cloacal plate single; a single intergenial separating posterior genials, widest posteriorly. Preocular elongate, approximately twice as long as high, contacting nasal but not internasal; one postocular; two (92%) or three (8%) posterior temporals; 160–178 ventrals in nine males, 186– 195 in nine females, sexually dimorphic without overlap; 41–53 subcaudals in males, 26–34 in females, sexually dimorphic without overlap; SCR 19.3–23.0% in males, 12.2–14.9% in females, sexually dimorphic without overlap; females with very short tails relative to males (TLR sexually dimorphic without overlap, 16.7–20.8% in adult males, 9.0–11.6% in adult females); pale markings on prefrontals absent, even in juveniles; tail spine brown, same colour as remainder of tail; venter uniformly yellow; juveniles with brown anterior supralabials; and head pattern in juveniles typically consisting of a complete, broad, pale band across the nape, parietals, temporals, and last two supralabials, with remainder of head anterior to that lacking pale markings.” (Kraus et al. 2022)


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CommentSynonymy: previously considered a synonym of T. loriae but revalidated by Kraus et al. 2022. 
EtymologyNamed after Mt. Lamington (8.94°S, 148.16°E, elevation 1680 m), which was named after Lord Lamington, Charles Wallace Alexander Napier Cochrane-Baillie (1860–1940), was the 2nd Baron Lamington and a British colonial administrator, who served as the 8th Governor of Queensland (1896– 1901) and the 14th Governor of Bombay (1903–1907). 
References
  • Kinghorn, J. R. 1928. Notes on Some Reptiles and Batrachians from the Northern Division of Papua, With Descriptions of New Species of Apisthocalamus and Lygosoma. Rec. Austral. Mus. 16: 289-293. - get paper here
  • Kraus, F., Kaiser, H., & O’Shea, M. 2022. Hidden diversity in semi-fossorial Melanesian forest snakes: A revision of the Toxicocalamus loriae complex (Squamata, Elapidae) from New Guinea. Vertebrate Zoology, 72, 997-1034 - get paper here
  • McDowell, Samuel B. 1969. Toxicocalamus, a New Guinea genus of snakes of the family Elapidae. Journal of Zoology, London 159: 443-511 - get paper here
  • McDowell, Samuel B.;Cogger, Harold G. 1967. Aspidomorphus, a genus of New Guinea snakes of the family Elapidae, with notes on related genera. Journal of Zoology, London 151: 497-543 - get paper here
  • Roux, J. 1934. Contribution à la connaissance de la faune erpétologique des îles Salomon. [in 3 parts]. Verh. naturg. Ges. Basel, 45: 77-81
  • Strickland, J. L., Carter, S., Kraus, F. and Parkinson, C. L. 2016. Snake evolution in Melanesia: origin of the Hydrophiinae (Serpentes, Elapidae), and the evolutionary history of the enigmatic New Guinean elapid Toxicocalamus. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.doi: 10.1111/zoj.12423 - get paper here
 
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