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Toxicocalamus preussi (STERNFELD, 1913)

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Higher TaxaElapidae (Hydrophiinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesToxicocalamus preussi angusticinctus (BOGERT & MATALAS 1945)
Toxicocalamus preussi preussi (STERNFELD 1913) 
Common NamesE: Preuss’s forest snake
angusticinctus: Fly River forest snake
preussi: Preuss’s Sepik forest snake 
SynonymUltrocalamus preussi STERNFELD 1913: 388
Toxicocalamus (Ultrocalamus) preussi — MCDOWELL 1969: 479
Toxicocalamus preussi — WELCH 1994: 113
Toxicocalamus preussi — KRAUS 2009
Toxicocalamus preussi — WALLACH et al. 2014: 733
Toxicocalamus preussi — O’SHEA et al. 2015

Toxicocalamus preussi angusticinctus (BOGERT & MATALAS 1945)
Ultrocalamus preussi angusticinctus BOGERT & MATALAS 1945
Toxicocalamus preussi angusticinctus — O’SHEA 1996
Toxicocalamus preussi angusticinctus — O’SHEA et al. 2015

Toxicocalamus preussi preussi (STERNFELD 1913)
Ultrocalamus preussi preussi STERNFELD 1913
Toxicocalamus preussi preussi — KRAUS 2009 (by implication) 
DistributionIndonesia (Irian Jaya), Papua New Guinea

Type locality: Seleo Island, West Sepik Province

angusticinctus: Papua New Guinea (Western Province); Type locality: Katau, at the mouth of the Binaturi River. The type locality is probably in correct and O’Shea & Kaiser suggest it was rather 400 km to the north of Katau, in the Upper Fly River region).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ZMB 23948
Holotype: AMNH 57512 from Palmer Junction, Fly River, Western Province [angusticinctus] 
Diagnosis 
CommentHabitat: fossorial (digging)

Behavior: diurnal

Venomous!

Type species: Ultrocalamus preussi STERNFELD 1913: 388 is the type species of the genus Ultrocalamus STERNFELD 1913, now a synonym of Toxicocalamus. 
EtymologyNamed after the Polish-born German naturalist Paul Preuss (1861-1926), who collected the holotype. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Bogert, Charles M.;Matalas, Bessie L. 1945. Results of the Archbold Expeditions. No. 53. A review of the Elapid genus Ultrocalamus of New Guinea. American Museum Novitates (1284): 1-8 - get paper here
  • Kraus, Fred 2009. NEW SPECIES OF TOXICOCALAMUS (SQUAMATA: ELAPIDAE) FROM PAPUA NEW GUINEA. Herpetologica 65 (4): 460 - get paper here
  • McDowell, Samuel B. 1969. Toxicocalamus, a New Guinea genus of snakes of the family Elapidae. Journal of Zoology, London 159: 443-511 - get paper here
  • O'Shea,M. 1996. A Guide to the Snakes of Papua New Guinea. Independent Publishing, Port Moresby, xii + 239 pp. - get paper here
  • O’Shea M and Kaiser H. 2018. Erroneous Environs or Aberrant Activities? Reconciling Unexpected Collection Localities for Three New Guinea Worm-eating Snakes (Toxicocalamus, Serpentes, Elapidae) Using Historical Accounts. Herpetological Review 49 (2): 189–207 - get paper here
  • O’Shea, Mark; Allen Allison, Hinrich Kaiser 2018. The taxonomic history of the enigmatic Papuan snake genus Toxicocalamus (Elapidae: Hydrophiinae), with the description of a new species from the Managalas Plateau of Oro Province, Papua New Guinea, and a revised dichotomous key. Amphibia-Reptilia 39 (4): 403-433 - get paper here
  • O’Shea, Mark; Fred Parker, and Hinrich Kaiser 2015. A New Species of New Guinea Worm-Eating Snake, Genus Toxicocalamus (Serpentes: Elapidae), From the Star Mountains of Western Province, Papua New Guinea, With a Revised Dichotomous Key to the Genus. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 161 (6): 241-264. - get paper here
  • Sternfeld, R. 1913. Beiträge zur Schlangenfauna Neuguineas und der benachbarten Inselgruppen. Sber. Ges. naturf. Berlin 1913: 384-388
  • Ukuwela, K.D.B., de Silva, A., Sivaruban, A. et al. 2022. Diversity, distribution, and natural history of the marine snakes of Sri Lanka. Marine Biodiversity 52, 24 (2022) - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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