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Trachemys grayi (BOCOURT, 1868)

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Higher TaxaEmydidae, Deirochelyinae, Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
SubspeciesTrachemys grayi grayi (BOCOURT 1868)
Trachemys grayi emolli (LEGLER in GIBBONS 1990)
Trachemys grayi panamensis MCCORD, JOSEPH-OUNI, HAGEN & BLANCK 2010 
Common NamesG: Nicaragua-Schmuckschildkröte [emolli]
S: Jicotea Negra 
SynonymEmys grayi BOCOURT 1868
Pseudemys ornata grayi — STUART 1963
Trachemys scripta grayi — FRITZ 1990
Pseudemys scripta grayi — LEGLER 1990: 89
Trachemys venusta grayi — SEIDEL 2002
Trachemys venusta grayi — FRITZ & HAVAS 2007
Trachemys grayi — HARFUSH-MELÉNDEZ & BUSKIRK 2008
Trachemys venusta grayi — MCCORD et al. 2010
Trachemys venusta panamensis MCCORD et al. 2010
Trachemys grayi — FRITZ et al. 2011
Trachemys grayi grayi — MCCRANIE et al. 2013
Trachemys venusta panamensis — TTWG 2014
Trachemys grayi — TTWG 2014: 362
Trachemys grayi grayi — VARGAS-RAMÍREZ et al. 2017
Trachemys grayi grayi — TTWG 2021

Trachemys grayi emolli (LEGLER in GIBBONS 1990)
Pseudemys scripta emolli LEGLER in GIBBONS 1990: 91
Trachemys scripta emolli — IVERSON 1992: 208
Trachemys ornata emolli — WALLS 1996
Trachemys emolli — SEIDEL 2002
Trachemys venusta emolli — ARTNER 2003
Trachemys emolli — HENNIG 2004
Trachemys emolli — FRITZ & HAVAS 2007
Chrysemys ornata — HENDERSON 2010
Trachemys grayi emolli — MCCRANIE et al. 2013
Trachemys emolli — PARHAM et al. 2013
Trachemys emolli — TTWG 2014: 362
Trachemys grayi emolli — TTWG 2017
Trachemys grayi emolli — VARGAS-RAMÍREZ et al. 2017
Trachemys emolli — MCCRANIE 2018
Trachemys emolli — PFAU 2021
Trachemys grayi emolli — TTWG 2021
Trachemys emolli — SUNYER & MARTÍNEZ-FONSECA 2023

Trachemys grayi panamensis MCCORD, JOSEPH-OUNI, HAGEN & BLANCK 2010
Trachemys venusta panamensis MCCORD, JOSEPH-OUNI, HAGEN & BLANCK 2010
Trachemys grayi panamensis — TTWG 2017
Trachemys grayi panamensis — VARGAS-RAMÍREZ et al. 2017
Trachemys grayi panamensis — TTWG 2021 
DistributionSW Mexico (Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Chiapas, Oaxaca) through W Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Panama

Type locality: Río Nagualate, Guatemala.

panamensis: Panama; Type locality: Chiva-Chiva Road (trail), 1 km from Gaillané (Gaillard) Highway (Fort Clayton entrance), north of Miraflores Lake, Pacific-side Panama Canal Zone, Panamá Province, Panama.

emolli: Nicaragua, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras; Type locality: "Rio Tepetate. 2.5 km northeast of Granada, Granada Province, Nicaragua"  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 9220 (this specimen is also in the MNHN register as being the type of Emys umbra Bocourt)
Holotype: UU 6728 [emolli]
Holotype: UF (was FLMNH 52511), juvenile preserved in alcohol, collected in July 1968 by H. W. Campbell [panamensis] 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy: Fritz et al. 2011 showed that T. venusta grayi was not part of the T. venusta complex and so should be recognized as a distinct species, T. grayi. Fritz et al. (2012) revealed T. venusta to be polyphyletic and referred T. emolli, T. venusta grayi, and T. venusta panamensis to T. grayi. Consequently, the latter name is now applicable to all populations naturally occurring in Costa Rica and Panama.

Distribution: not in Honduras fide McCranie 2015 (checklist Honduras). See map in McCranie 2013: 25.

Habitat: freshwater (lakes, ponds, rivers)

NCBI taxonID: 365638 [emolli] 
EtymologyNamed after British zoologist John Edward Gray (1800 – 1875), Keeper of Zoology at the British Museum in London from 1840 until 1874, although he started working at the museum in 1824. 
References
  • Bocourt,M.F. 1868. Descriptions de quelques chéloniens nouveaux appartenant a la faune Mexicaine. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool., (Ser. 5) 10 (Pts. 1-3), p. 121-122 - get paper here
  • Bour, R. 2008. Global diversity of turtles (Chelonii; Reptilia) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595:593–598 - get paper here
  • Ernst, C, H. 2008. Trachemys emolli. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (846): 1-3 - get paper here
  • Ernst, C. H. and M. E. Seidel 2006. Trachemys venusta. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 832: 1-12. - get paper here
  • Fritz U. 1990. Balzverhalten und Systematik in der Subtribus Nectemydina. 1. Die Gattung Trachemys, besonders Trachemys scripta callirostris (Gray, 1855). Salamandra 26 (4): 221-245 - get paper here
  • Fritz, U., Stuckas, H., Vargas-RamÌrez, M., Hundsdærfer, A. K., Maran, J. & Påckert, M. 2012. Molecular phylogeny of Central and South American slider turtles: implications for biogeography and systematics (Testudines: Emydidae: Trachemys). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 50 (2): 125 – 136 [2011] - get paper here
  • Gray,J.E. 1856. Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Testudinata (Tortoises). British Museum, London, 79 pp. [1855] - get paper here
  • Günther, A. C. L. G. 1885. Reptilia and Batrachia. Biologia Centrali-Américana. Taylor, & Francis, London, 326 pp. [published in parts from 1885-1902; reprint by the SSAR 1987] - get paper here
  • Harfush-Meléndez, Martha and James R. Buskirk 2008. New Distributional Data on the Tehuantepec Slider, Trachemys grayi, in Oaxaca, Mexico. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 7(2): 274-276 - get paper here
  • Henderson, C.L. 2010. Mammals, Amphibians, and Reptiles of Costa Rica - A field guide. University of Texas Press, Austin, 198 pp.
  • Hennig, Andreas S. 2013. Die Neuwelt-Sumpfschildkröten der Familie Emydidae. Terraria-Elaphe 2013 (4): 14-20 - get paper here
  • Iverson, J.B. 1992. A revised Checklist with Distribution Maps of the Turtles of the World. Richmond, Indiana, privately published, 363 pp.
  • Johnson, Jerry D.; Vicente Mata-Silva, Elí García Padilla, and Larry David Wilson 2015. The Herpetofauna of Chiapas, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (3): 272–329. - get paper here
  • Koller, Rene 2005. Herpetologoische waarnemingen in Belize, deel 2: reptielen. Lacerta 63 (1): 4-19 - get paper here
  • Legler, J.M. 1990. The genus Pseudemys in Mesoamerica: Taxonomy, distribution, and origins. in J.W. Gibbons (ed.): Life history and Ecology of the Slider Turtle. Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 82-105 - get paper here
  • McCord, William P.; Mehdi Joseph-Ouni, Cris Hagen, and Torsten Blanck 2010. Three New Subspecies of Trachemys venusta (Testudines: Emydidae) from Honduras, Northern Yucatán (Mexico), and Pacific Coastal Panama. Reptilia (GB): 39-49 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R. 2015. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with additions, comments on taxonomy, some recent taxonomic decisions, and areas of further studies needed. Zootaxa 3931 (3): 352–386 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R.; Frank Köhler, Alexander Gutsche and Leonardo Valdés Orellana 2013. Trachemys grayi emolli (Testudines, Emydidae) in Honduras and its systematic relationships based on mitochondrial DNA. Zoosystematics and Evolution 89 (1): 21–29 - get paper here
  • Parham, James F.; Theodore J. Papenfuss, Peter Paul van Dijk, Byron S. Wilson, Cristian Marte, Lourdes Rodriguez Schettino, W. Brian Simison 2013. Genetic introgression and hybridization in Antillean freshwater turtles (Trachemys) revealed by coalescent analyses of mitochondrial and cloned nuclear markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 67 (1):176–187 - get paper here
  • Pfau, B. 2021. Auffangstationen für Terrarientiere in Europa. Elaphe 2021 (3): 12-15
  • Seidel, Michael E. 2002. Taxonomic observations on extant species and subspecies of slider turtles, genus Trachemys. Journal of Herpetology 36 (2): 285-292 - get paper here
  • Seidel, Michael E. & Carl H. Ernst 2017. A Systematic Review of the Turtle Family Emydidae. Vertebrate Zoology 67 (1): 1–122 - get paper here
  • Solís, J. M., L. D. Wilson, and J. H. Townsend. 2014. An updated list of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with comments on their nomenclature. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1: 123–144 - get paper here
  • Stuart, L.C. 1963. A checklist of the herpetofauna of Guatemala. Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan (No. 122): 1-150 - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier 2014. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1 (2): 186–202. - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier & José́ Gabriel Martínez-Fonseca 2023. An updated country checklist to the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. REVISTA NICARAGÜENSE DE BIODIVERSIDAD (100): 1-25 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Anders G.J. Rhodin, John B. iverson, Roger Bour, Uwe Fritz, Arthur GeoRges, H. BRadley Shaffer, and Peter Paul van Dijk 2017. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (8th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Saumure, R.A., Buhlmann, K.A., Pritchard, P.C.H., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Ed Chelonian Research Monographs 7:1–292. doi: 10.3854/crm.7.checklist.atlas.v8.2017 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Dijk, Peter Paul van; John B. Iverson, H. Bradley Shaffer; Roger Bour & Anders G.J. Rhodin [turtle taxonomy working group] 2012. Turtles of the World, 2012 Update: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status. Chelonian Research Monographs No. 5, doi:10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v5.2012 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here
  • Vargas-Ramírez M, del Valle C, Ceballos CP, Fritz U. 2017. Trachemys medemi n. sp. from northwestern Colombia turns the biogeography of South American slider turtles upside down. J Zool Syst Evol Res. 2017;55:326–339 - get paper here
 
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