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Trachylepis occidentalis (PETERS, 1867)

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Mabuyinae (Mabuyini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Western three-striped skink 
SynonymEuprepes vittatus var. australis PETERS 1862: 19
Euprepes occidentalis PETERS 1867: 20 (nom. subst.)
Mabuia occidentalis — BOULENGER 1887: 196
Mabuia calaharica WERNER 1910: 350 (fide MERTENS 1955)
Mabuia occidentalis — WERNER 1910: 349
Mabuia occidentalis — WERNER 1910: 43
Mabuya occidentalis — FITZSIMONS & BRAIN 1958
Mabuya occidentalis — AUERBACH 1987: 113
Mabuya occidentalis — GREER et al. 2000
Euprepis occidentalis — MAUSFELD et al. 2002
Mabuya occidentalis — BAUER & BRANCH 2003
Trachylepis occidentalis — BAUER 2003
Trachylepis occidentalis — LOBÓN-ROVIRA et al. 2022
Trachylepis occidentalis — CERIACO et al. 2024: 91 
DistributionNamibia, Republic of South Africa (Karroid areas of the Cape), SW Botswana, S Angola

Type locality: Neu-Barmen, Namibia.

Type locality: Neu-Barmen [= Otjimbingue], Namibia, by implication [Euprepes vittatus var. australis PETERS 1862].  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: ZMB 4212, 4212A-B, 4213 (possible), Neu-Barmen, Namibia, collected C.H. Hahn; MNHN-RA 1468 (1867.131, 2787a), West Africa, presented ZMB, 1867; BMNH 67.6.14.1, Hereroland, presented ZMB (see Bauer et al., 2003). Only three of these six specimens are syntypes, but it is not possible to determine which of the six are the syntypes. See also BRYGOO 1985. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Ceriaco et al. 2024: 94 
CommentThe original name is pre-occupied by Euprepes australis (Gray, 1839) [= Ctenotus australis (Gray, 1839)]. The replacement name has been chosen to avoid confusion with the Australian Tiliqua australis GRAY 1838, which was included in the genus Euprepes by STEINDACHNER 1867 (fide BROADLEY 2000).

Distribution: see map in Ceriaco et al. 2024: 93 (Fig. 74). 
EtymologyThe specific name occidentalis (Latin) refers to the western distribution of this species. 
References
  • Auerbach, R.D. 1987. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Botswana. Mokwepa Consultants, Botswana, 295 pp.
  • Bates, M.F.; Branch, W.R., Bauer, A.M.; Burger, M., Marais, J.; Alexander, G.J. & de Villliers, M.S. (eds.) 2014. Atlas and Red List of the Reptiles of South Africa, Lesotho, and Swaziland. Suricata 1. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 512 pp.
  • Bauer, A.M., and Branch, W.R. 2003. The herpetofauna of the Richtersveld National Park, Northern Cape Province, Republic of South Africa. Herpetological Natural History 8: 111-160 [2001]
  • Bauer, Aaron M.; Branch, William R. & Haacke, Wulf D. 1993. The herpetofauna of the Kamanjab area and adjacent Damaraland, Namibia. Madoqua (Windhoek) 18 (2): 117-145. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1887. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) III. Lacertidae, Gerrhosauridae, Scincidae, Anelytropsidae, Dibamidae, Chamaeleontidae. London: 575 pp. - get paper here
  • Branch, William R. 1993. A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Struik Publishers, 144 S.
  • Broadley, D.G. 2000. A review of the genus Mabuya in southeastern Africa (Sauria: Scincidae). African Journal of Herpetology, 49 (2): 87-110 - get paper here
  • Brygoo, E.R. 1985. Les types des scincidés (Reptiles, Sauriens) du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, catalogue critique. Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. (4e sér.) 7 (sect. A 3), suppl.: 1-126
  • Ceríaco, Luis M.P.; Mariana P. Marques, Diogo Parrinha, Arthur Tiutenko, Jeffrey L. Weinell, Brett O. Butler & Aaron M. Bauer 2024. The Trachylepis (Squamata: Scincidae) of Angola: An Integrative Taxonomic Review with the Description of Seven New Species Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History Feb 2024 Vol. 2024, No. 465: 1-153 - get paper here
  • CUNNINGHAM, P. 2018. Trachylepis occidentalis (Peters, 1867). Avian predation. African Herp News (67): 32 - get paper here
  • Fitzsimons, V.F.M.; Brain, C.K. 1958. A Short account of the Reptiles of the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park. Koedoe, 1(1): 99-104 - get paper here
  • Goldberg, S.R. 2008. reproductive cycle of the western three-striped skink, Trachylepis occidentalis (Squamata: Scincidae), from southern Africa. Salamandra 44 (2): 123-126 - get paper here
  • Greer, A.E., Arnold, C. & Arnold, E.N. 2000. The systematic significance of the number of presacral vertebrae in the scincid lizard genus Mabuya. Amphibia-Reptilia 21 (1): 121-126 - get paper here
  • Herrmann, H.-W.; W.R. Branch 2013. Fifty years of herpetological research in the Namib Desert and Namibia with an updated and annotated species checklist. Journal of Arid Environments 93: 94–115 - get paper here
  • Hewitt, John 1911. Records of South African Lacertilia and Amphibia, Addenda and Corrigenda. Annals Transvaal Museum 3 (1): 42-55. - get paper here
  • Hoogmoed, M. S. 1978. A new name for Mabuya polytropis occidentalis HOOGMOED 1974. Zoologische Mededelingen 53 (10): 106 - get paper here
  • Huey, R. B., Miles, D. B., & Pianka, E. R. 2021. Seasonality in Kgalagadi Lizards: Inferences from Legacy Data. American Naturalist 198 (6): 759-771 - get paper here
  • Huey, Raymond B.; Eric R. Pianka 1977. Seasonal Variation in Thermoregulatory Behavior and Body Temperature of Diurnal Kalahari Lizards. Ecology 58 (5):1066-1075
  • Lobón-Rovira J, Vaz Pinto P, S. Becker F, Tolley KA, Measey J, Bennet B, Boon B, de Sá S, Conradie W 2022. An updated herpetofaunal species inventory of Iona National Park in southwestern Angola. Check List 18(2): 289-321 - get paper here
  • Marques, Mariana P.; Luis M. P. Ceríaco , David C. Blackburn , and Aaron M. Bauer 2018. Diversity and Distribution of the Amphibians and Terrestrial Reptiles of Angola -- Atlas of Historical and Bibliographic Records (1840–2017). Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (Ser. 4) 65: 1-501 (Supplement II)
  • Mausfeld,P.; Vences, M. Schmitz, A. & Veith, M. 2000. First data on the molecular phylogeography of scincid lizards of the genus Mabuya. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 17 (1): 11-14 - get paper here
  • Mertens,R. 1955. Die Amphibien und Reptilien Südwestafrikas. Aus den Ergebnissen einer im Jahre 1952 ausgeführten Reise. Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. (Frankfurt) 490: 1-172 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1867. Herpetologische Notizen. Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1867 (Januar): 13-37 - get paper here
  • Peters,W.C.H. 1862. Übersicht einiger von dem , durch seine afrikanische Sprachforschungen, rühmlichst bekannten, Hrn. Missionär C.H. Hahn bei Neu-Barmen, im Hererolande, and der Westküste von Afrika, im 21˚ südl. Br. gesammelten Amphibien, nebst Beschreibungen der neue Monatsber. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1862: 15-26 - get paper here
  • Pianka, Eric R. 1971. Lizard species density in the Kalahari Desert. Ecology 52 (6): 1024-1029 - get paper here
  • SANTOS, B. S. .,MARQUES, M. P. ., BAUER, A. M. ., & CERÍACO, L. M. P. . 2021. Herpetological results of Francisco Newton’s Zoological Expedition to Angola (1903–1906): a taxonomic revision and new records of a forgotten collection. Zootaxa 5028 (1): 1–80 - get paper here
  • Schleicher, Alfred 2015. Reptilien Namibias. Namibia Scientific  Society, 276 pp.
  • Tolley KA, Telford NS, Makhubo BG, Power RJ, Alexander GJ 2023. Filling the gap: Noteworthy herpetological discoveries in North West Province, South Africa. Zoosystematics and Evolution 99(1): 101-116 - get paper here
  • Werner,F. 1910. Über neue oder seltene Reptilien des Naturhistorischen Museums in Hamburg. ii. Eidechsen. Jahrb. Hamburg. Wiss. Anst., vol. 27 (1909), suppl. no. 2, 1910, pp. 1-46; reprinted: 1910, Mitteil. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, vol. 27: 205-) - get paper here
  • Werner,F. 1910. Reptilia et Amphibia. In Schultze, L., Zoologische und anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise im westlichen und zentralen Südafrika. Band IV, Systematik und Tiergeographie Vertebrata B. Denkschr. Med.-Nat. Wiss. GeselI. Jena 16: 279-370 [1910] - get paper here
 
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