Tricheilostoma bicolor (JAN, 1860)
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Tricheilostoma bicolor
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| Higher Taxa | Leptotyphlopidae, Epictinae, Epictini, Typhlopoidea, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | E: Two-colored Blind Snake |
| Synonym | Stenostoma (Tricheilostoma) bicolor JAN 1860 Stenostoma (Tricheilostoma) gracile JAN 1860 Stenostoma brevicauda BOCAGE 1887: 194 Glauconia brevicauda — BOULENGER 1890: 92 Glauconia bicolor — BOULENGER 1890: 92 Glauconia brevicauda — BOULENGER 1893: 67 Glauconia bicolor — BOULENGER 1893: 68 Glauconia bicolor gruveli CHABANAUD 1917 Glauconia gruveli — BOULENGER 1920 Leptotyphlops bicolor — LEESON 1950 Leptotyphlops brevicauda — LEESON 1950: 20 Leptotyphlops brevicauda — HUGHES & BARRY 1969 Leptotyphlops brevicauda — PAPENFUSS 1969 Leptotyphlops bicolor — PAPENFUSS 1969 Leptotyphlops cairi — HAHN 1980: 7 Leptotyphlops brevicaudus — HAHN 1980: 9 Leptotyphlops bicolor — HAHN & WALLACH 1998: 58 Leptotyphlops bicolor — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 21 Guinea bicolor — ADALSTEINSSON, BRANCH, TRAPE, VITT & HEDGES 2009 Leptotyphlops brevicaudus — ULLENBRUCH et al. 2010 Tricheilostoma bicolor — HEDGES 2011 Leptotyphlops bicolor — SEGNIAGBETO et al. 2012: 348 Tricheilostoma bicolor — WALLACH et al. 2014: 737 |
| Distribution | Togo, Benin, SW Chad, Ghana, Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Niger, Ivory Coast, Mali, Guinea (Conakry), possibly Cameroon (Hughes 1983) brevicaudus: Benin, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Mali, Niger, Nigeria; Type locality: Dahomey. Type locality: Dahomey Type locality: Boutry, Gold Cost (= Butre, Ghana) |
| Reproduction | oviparous |
| Types | Holotype: RMNH 3682 Holotype: MB (Museu Bocage), destroyed according to HAHN 1980 [brevicaudus] holotype: MNHN 1916.196 [Glauconia bicolor gruveli] |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis (genus): Species of Tricheilostoma have 14 midbody scale rows, 12 midtail scale rows, 173–288 middorsal scale rows, 6–16 subcaudals, three (two in G. greenwelli) supralabials, small anterior supralabials (large in G. sundewalli), 112–188 mm maximum adult total length, a body shape of 24–69.2 (total length/width), a relative tail length of 2.4–7.0 %, a tail shape of 1.4–4.3, no striped pattern, a brown dorsum (unpigmented in G. greenwelli), and paler brown venter (Table 2). They are distinguished from the other genus in this tribe, Rhinoleptus, by having 14 midbody scale rows (versus 16), 12 midtail rows (versus 14), 173–288 middorsal rows (versus 302–546), 6–16 subcaudals (versus 21–28), and a body shape of 24–69.2 (versus 67–77). Only one species was included in the molecular phylogenetic analyses (Figs. 3–4). [adapted from ADALSTEINSSON et al. 2009]. Additional details (530 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. |
| Comment | Synonymie: brevicauda and bicolor have been synonymized by HAHN & WALLACH 1998. Distribution: Leptotyphlops brevicauda has been erroneously listed for Benin but does not occur there (Hughes 2013). Type species: Stenostoma (Tricheilostoma) bicolor JAN 1860 is the type species of the genus Tricheilostoma HEDGES, ADALSTEINSSON, BRANCH 2009 (designated by HEDGES 2011). Note that the same speces had been designated as type species of Guinea previously. However, Guinea is a homonym of the hymenopteran genus Guinea Koçak & Kemal, 2008. Also, Loveridge (1957) mistakenly designated Stenosoma macrolepis as type species of Tricheilostoma, referring to the journal article (Jan 1861b). Pinto et al. (2010) acknowledged the mistake but considered his type designation to be valid based on Art. 70.2 of the ICZN which states that an earlier, overlooked, type fixation should be accepted and any later fixations treated as invalid. However, that article is irrelevant here because no type was ever correctly fixed. What was called Tricheilostoma by HEDGES et al. 2009 is now called Trilepida sp. |
| Etymology | Named after Latin bicolor, of two colors. The genus name refers to the presence of three supralabials, from Greek stoma (στόμα) = mouth. |
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