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Trimerodytes percarinatus (BOULENGER, 1899)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesTrimerodytes percarinatus percarinatus (BOULENGER 1899)
Trimerodytes percarinatus suriki (MAKI 1931) 
Common NamesE: Olive Annulate Keelback, Eastern Water Snake, Olive Keelback
G: Olivfarbene Kielrückennatter
Chinese: “Wu Hua You She” ( 乌 华游蛇 ) 
SynonymTropidonotus percarinatus BOULENGER 1899: 163
Natrix percarinata — STEJNEGER 1926: 71
Natrix percarinata — MELL 1931
Natrix percarinata — SMITH 1943: 299
Natrix annularis percarinata — BOURRET 1935: 3
Natrix annularis percarinata — BOURRET 1936 (fide SMITH 1943)
Sinonatrix percarinata — ROSSMAN & EBERLE 1977
Sinonatrix percarinata — ZIEGLER 2002: 263
Sinonatrix percarinata — WALLACH et al. 2014: 677
Trimerodytes percarinatus — REN et al. 2019
Trimerodytes percarinatus — MALLIK et al. 2019

Trimerodytes percarinatus percarinatus (BOULENGER 1899)
Sinonatrix percarinata percarinata ZHAO & JIANG 1986
Sinonatrix percarinata percarinata — NGUYEN et al. 2009
Trimerodytes percarinatus percarinatus — REN et al. 2019

Trimerodytes percarinatus suriki (MAKI 1931)
Natrix suriki MAKI 1931
Sinonatrix percarinata suriki — ZHAO & JIANG 1986
Sinonatrix percarinata suriki — NGUYEN et al. 2009
Trimerodytes percarinatus suriki — REN et al. 2019 (by implication) 
DistributionMyanmar (= Burma), Thailand, Vietnam (Hoa Binh, Yen Bai etc.), NE India (Arunachal Pradesh),
S China (Hainan, Chekiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Kweichow, Sichuan, Hupeh, Hunan, Yunnan), Taiwan

suriki: Taiwan.

Type locality: Kuatun (= Guadun), Chongan Co., about 270 miles from Foochow, NW Fokien (= Fujian), China.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: unknown (fide NGUYEN et al. 2009).
Holotype: NSMT H-2960 [suriki] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: (1) Body sides usually with 27 – 37 black bands, in Y-shape, rarely with small black spots or uniform dark brown; (2) 18 – 32 maxillary teeth; (3) belly marked with black spots; (4) two supralabials entering orbit; (5) 127 – 153 ventrals (after Rao and Yang, 1998; Vogel et al., 2004; Le et al. 2015)


Additional details (1346 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentBehavior: nocturnal.

Distribution: not in Mizoram; reports likely represent misidentifications (HT Lalremsanga, pers. comm., 5 Feb 2021).

Phylogenetics: Trimerodytes percarinatus includes 5 genetically distinct clades. However, Lyu et al. 2024 do not name any of them. They also consider suriki as a variant of the mainland species and thus as invalid but their analysis included only 1 sample. 
References
  • Boulenger, GEORGE A. 1899. On a collection of reptiles and batrachians made by Mr. J. D. La Touche in N.W. Fokien, China. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1899: 159-172 - get paper here
  • Bourret,R. 1935. Notes herpétologiques sur l'Indochine Française X. Les serpents de la station d’altitude du Tam-dao. Bull. Gen. Instr. Pub. Hanoi 8 (avril): 259-271 (1-13)
  • Captain, ASHOK and ANUPRITA PATEL 1998. Sinonatrix, a new genus for India. Hamadryad 22 (2): 114-115. - get paper here
  • Chan-ard, T., Parr, J.W.K. & Nabhitabhata, J. 2015. A field guide to the reptiles of Thailand. Oxford University Press, NY, 352 pp. [see book reviews by Pauwels & Grismer 2015 and Hikida 2015 for corrections] - get paper here
  • Das, I. 2012. A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of South-East Asia: Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Bali. Oxford J, ohn Beaufoy Publishing - get paper here
  • Dowling, H.G., & Jenner, J.V. 1988. Snakes of Burma: checklist of reported species and bibliography. Smithsonian Herp. Inf. Serv. (76): 19 pp. - get paper here
  • GAO, ZHIWEI; TIANYU QIAN, JIANPING JIANG, DEJIA HOU, XUEJIAN DENG & DAODE YANG. 2022. Species diversity and distribution of amphibians and reptiles in Hunan Province, China. Biodiversity Science 30 (2): 21290, 1–15 - get paper here
  • Hecht, Vera L.; Cuong T. Pham, Tao T. Nguyen, Truong Q. Nguyen, Michael Bonkowski & Thomas Ziegler 2013. First report on the herpetofauna of Tay Yen Tu Nature Reserve, northeastern Vietnam. Biodiversity Journal 4 (4): 507–552
  • Lalremsanga, H.T.; Saipari Sailo and Chinliansiama 2011. Diversity of Snakes (Reptilia: Squamata) and Role of Environmental Factors in Their Distribution in Mizoram, Northeast India. Advances in Environmental Chemistry - get paper here
  • Le, Dzung Trung; Anh Ngoc Dao, Dat Thang Pham, Thomas Ziegler, and Truong Quang Nguyen 2018. New records and an updated list of snakes from Yen Bai Province, Vietnam. Herpetology Notes 11: 101-108 - get paper here
  • Le, Dzung Trung; Anh Van Pham, Cuong The Pham, Son Lan Hung Nguyen, Thomas Ziegler, Truong Quang Nguyen 2015. Review of the Genus Sinonatrix in Vietnam with a New Country Record of Sinonatrix yunnanensis Rao et Yang, 1998. Russ. J. Herpetol. 22 (2): 84-88
  • Mallik AK, Chowdhury S, Bhatt BB, Captain A. 2019. First field report of Trimerodytes percarinatus (Boulenger, 1899) (Reptilia: Squamata: Natricidae) from India with notes on its natural history. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13(2) [General Section]: 299–303 (e214) - get paper here
  • Marshall BM, Strine CT. 2019. Exploring snake occurrence records: Spatial biases and marginal gains from accessible social media. PeerJ 7:e8059 - get paper here
  • Mell,R. 1931. List of Chinese snakes. Lingnan Sci. Jour., Canton, 8 [1929]: 199-219.
  • Nguyen, S.V., Ho, C.T. and Nguyen, T.Q. 2009. Herpetofauna of Vietnam. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 768 pp.
  • Nguyen, Truong Quang; Tan Van Nguyen, Cuong The Pham, An Vinh Ong & Thomas Ziegler 2018. New records of snakes (Squamata: Serpentes) from Hoa Binh Province, northwestern Vietnam. Bonn zoological Bulletin 67 (1): 15–24 - get paper here
  • Pham AV, Ziegler T, Nguyen TQ 2020. New records and an updated checklist of snakes from Son La Province, Vietnam. Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e52779 - get paper here
  • Rao, DING QI & D. T. YANG. 1998. A new species of Sinonatrix (Serpentes: Colubridae) of China with preliminary survey on Sinonatrix. Russ. J. Herpetol. 5 (1): 70-73. - get paper here
  • REN, Jinlong; Kai WANG, Peng GUO, Yingyong WANG, Tao Thien NGUYEN, and Jiatang LI 2019. On the Generic Taxonomy of Opisthotropis balteata (Cope, 1895) (Squamata: Colubridae: Natricinae): Taxonomic Revision of Two Natricine Genera. Asian Herpetological Research 10 (2): 105–128; DOI: 10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.180091 - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. 3 (Serpentes). Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp.
  • Stejneger, L. 1925. Chinese amphibians and reptiles in the United States National Museum. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 66 (2562): 1-115. - get paper here
  • Taylor,E.H. 1965. The serpents of Thailand and adjacent waters. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 45 (9): 609-1096 - get paper here
  • Thinh, Bui Bao; <br>Trinh Thi Hong; <br>Hoang Ngoc Thao; Bui Bao Thien 2018. Initial building the sample sets of amphibians and reptiles in the Hong Duc University (Viet Nam). Постулат. 2018. No12 УДК 597.6 + 598.1 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Wang K, Lyu ZT, Wang J, Qi S, Che J 2022. Updated Checklist and Zoogeographic Division of the Reptilian Fauna of Yunnan Province, China. Biodiversity Science 30 (4): 21326, 1–31 - get paper here
  • Wang, C. G. M. Z. X., Jia, S. Y. K. T. L., & Hu, C. Z. J. 2022. An updated species checklist of amphibians and reptiles in Fujian Province, China. Biodiversity Science, 22090 - get paper here
  • Wang, Kai; Jinlong Ren, Hongman Chen, Zhitong Lyu, Xianguang Guo Ke Jiang, Jinmin Chen, Jiatang Li, Peng Guo, Yingyong Wang, Jing Che 2020. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 - get paper here
  • Zhao, E.M. 2006. The snakes of China [in Chinese]. Hefei, China, Anhui Sience & Technology Publ. House, Vol. I, 372 pp., Vol. II (color plates), 280 pp.
  • Zhao,E. & Adler,K. 1993. Herpetology of China. SSAR, Oxford/Ohio, 1-522
  • Ziegler, T. 2002. Die Amphibien und Reptilien eines Tieflandfeuchtwald-Schutzgebietes in Vietnam. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 342 pp. - get paper here
  • ZIEGLER, THOMAS; RALF HENDRIX, VU NGOC THANH, MARTINA VOGT, BERNHARD FORSTER & DANG NGOC KIEN 2007. The diversity of a snake community in a karst forest ecosystem in the central Truong Son, Vietnam, with an identification key. Zootaxa 1493: 1-40 - get paper here
  • Zuklin, Tomas; Nathanael Maury, Saly Sitthivong, Thong Van Pham, Olivier Le Duc, Cedric Bordes, Benjamin Leprince, Charlotte Ducotterd, Lo Van Oanh, Phimphasone Vilay, Vinh Quang Luu, Luca Luiselli 2021. The «Empty Forest Syndrome» and the Herpetofaunal Communities in Laos (South-Eastern Asia). Russian Journal of Herpetology 28 (6): 333-347 - get paper here
 
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