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Uma exsul SCHMIDT & BOGERT, 1947

IUCN Red List - Uma exsul - Endangered, EN
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Higher TaxaPhrynosomatidae, Phrynosomatinae, Callisaurini; Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Fringe-toed Sand Lizard
S: Lagartija Arenera 
SynonymUma exsul SCHMIDT & BOGERT 1947: 1
Uma exsul — SMITH & TAYLOR 1950: 89
Uma exsul — NORRIS 1958: 283
Uma exsul — COX & TANNER 1977
Uma exsul — LINER 1994
Uma exsul — GARCIA DE LA PENA et al. 2006
Uma exsul — HEIMES 2022 
DistributionMexico (Coahuila)

Type locality: Dunes 12 miles north of San Pedro de Las Colonias, Coahuila.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: AMNH 67404 
DiagnosisDIAGNOSIS: A highly distinct member of the genus Uma, most closely related to Uma scoparia. 0f the members of the genus it is the closest to Holbrookia and Callisaurus. A dorsal pattern of reticulated black lines emphasized at intervals to form diagonal chevrons when viewed from above. Internasal scales usually four. A prominent black shoulder blotch. No small subdigital scales intercalated between the toe fringes and lamellae (Norris 1958: 283). 
Comment 
EtymologyNamed after the Latin “exsul” meaning "banished person", in reference to its geographic isolation from its closest relatives (although not explicitly explained by Schmidt & Bogert 1947 who only mention the “isolated position of the population”). 
References
  • Adest, Gary Andrew 1977. Genetic relationships in the genus Uma (Iguanidae). Copeia 1977 (1): 47-52 - get paper here
  • Cooper, W.E., Jr., G. Castañeda & G.G. de la Peña 2006. Phylogenetic Constraints Do Not Block Food Chemical Discrimination in the Omnivorous Phrynosomatid Lizard Uma exsul Journal of Herpetology 40 (3): 329-335. - get paper here
  • Cox, D.C. & Tanner, W. 1977. OSTEOLOGY AND MYOLOGY OF THE HEAD AND NECK REGIONS OF CALLISAURUS, COPHOSAURUS, HOLBROOKIA, AND UMA (REPTILIA: IGUANIDAE). Great Basin Naturalist 37: 35-56 - get paper here
  • Gadsden, H., L.E. Palacios-Orona & G.A. Cruz-Soto 2001. Diet of the Mexican Fringe-Toed Lizard (Uma exsul) Journal of Herpetology 35 (3): 493-496. - get paper here
  • Gadsden, H., M. de la Luz Dávila-Carrazco & R. Gil-Martínez 2006. Reproduction in the Arenicolour Mexican Lizard Uma exsul Journal of Herpetology 40 (1): 117-122. - get paper here
  • García de la Peña, C.; Castañeda Gayán, G. & Lazcano, D. 2006. Uma exsul - The Fringe-toed Sand Lizard. Reptilia (GB) (44): 74- - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2022. LIZARDS OF MEXICO - Part 1 Iguanian lizards. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt Am Main, 448 pp.
  • Lazcano D, Nevárez-de los Reyes M, García-Padilla E, Johnson JD, Mata-Silva V, DeSantis DL, Wilson LD. 2019. The herpetofauna of Coahuila, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13(2) [General Section]: 31–94 (e189) - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR 2016. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Coahuila, Mexico, with comparison with adjoining states. ZooKeys 593: 117-137, doi: 10.3897/zookeys.593.8484 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal, J.A. & Smith, H.M. 2007. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Coahuila, Mexico. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 550 pp.
  • Norris, Kenneth Stafford 1958. The evolution and systematics of the iguanid genus Uma and its relation to the evolution of other North American desert reptiles. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 114 (3): 247-326 + 4 plates - get paper here
  • Ocampo Salinas, Manuel, J., Castillo-cerón, J. M., Manríquez-morán, N., Goyenechea, I., & Casagranda, M. D. 2019. Endemism of lizards in the Chihuahuan Desert province: An approach based on endemicity analysis. Journal of Arid Environments - get paper here
  • Pough, F.H., D.J. Morafka & P.E. Hillman 1978. The Ecology and Burrowing Behavior of the Chihuahuan Fringe-Footed Lizard, Uma exsul Copeia 1978 (1): 81-86. - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Karl P. & Bogert, Charles M. 1947. A new fringe-footed sand lizard from Coahuila, Mexico. American Museum Novitates (1947): 1-9 - get paper here
  • Schulte, Joshua J.; Geoffrey R. Smith, and Julio A. Lemos-Espinal 2017. Diet of juvenile lizards, Uma exsul, from Coahuila, Mexico. Southwestern Naturalist Mar 2017, Vol. 62, No. 1: 69-71 - get paper here
  • Smith, H.M. & Taylor,E.H. 1950. An annotated checklist and key to the reptiles of Mexico exclusive of the snakes. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 199: 1-253 - get paper here
 
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