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Uma scoparia COPE, 1894

IUCN Red List - Uma scoparia - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaPhrynosomatidae, Phrynosomatinae, Callisaurini; Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Mojave Fringe-toed Lizard 
SynonymUma scoparia COPE 1894: 434
Uma scopifera COPE 1894: 434
Uma scoparia — COPE 1895: 938
Uma scoparia — NORRIS 1958: 283
Uma scoparia — MAYHEW 1964
Uma scoparia — COX & TANNER 1977
Uma scoparia — STEBBINS 1985: 120
Uma scoparia — CROTHER 2000: 54
Uma scoparia — COLLINS & TAGGART 2009
Uma scoparia — GOTSCHO et al. 2014
Uma scoparia — THOMSON et al. 2016 
DistributionUSA (SE California: Mojave Desert, Death Valley; Arizona: Yuma County)

Type locality: "Fort Buchanan, Arizona" (in errore, probably from San Bernardino County, California fide HEIFETZ 1941).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: USNM 6063 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Ventrolateral blotch present. Two, or occasionally one, black gular crescents present, widest at the middle of the throat; anterior to these one or two V-shaped markings are usually present. The crescents occasionally reduced to short black bars with indistinct ends curving anteriorly. Five rows of internasal scales normally present. Femoral pores 22 to 47, averaging considerably higher than in U. n. notata. Fringe spines on fourth toe 28 to 40, also averaging higher than in U. n. notata. Dorsal ocelli scattered, and never forming a semilineate pattern (see fig. 1, A). Black never fusing into lines on neck. Preanal spots often present, especially in Daggett specimens. Two enlarged black spots usually present on the sides anterior to the insertion of the femur; these are especially distinct in Blythe Junction and Ford Dry Lake specimens (from HEIFETZ 1941).


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CommentApparently, Cope used two names for the same species in his description. U. scopifera is named first but only U. scoparia has a description.

Distribution: see map in Gottscho et al. 2016: Fig. 1, Derycke et al. 2020: 68 (Fig. 1). For map of California see Thomson et al. 2016: 240. 
EtymologyApparently named after Latin scopare = sweeping, or scopari'us = cleaner, sweeper, sometimes in allusion to broom-like patterns or structures. 
References
  • Carothers, J. H. 1986. An experimental confirmation of morphological adaptation: toe fringes in the sand-dwelling lizard Uma scoparia. Evolution 40 (4): 871-874 - get paper here
  • Collins, J.T. and T. W. Taggart 2009. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Sixth Edition. Center for North American Herpetology, 48 pp.
  • Cope, E.D. 1894. On the Iguanian genus Uma. American Naturalist 28: 434-435 - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1895. On the species of Uma and Xantusia. American Naturalist 29: 938-939 - get paper here
  • Cox, D.C. & Tanner, W. 1977. OSTEOLOGY AND MYOLOGY OF THE HEAD AND NECK REGIONS OF CALLISAURUS, COPHOSAURUS, HOLBROOKIA, AND UMA (REPTILIA: IGUANIDAE). Great Basin Naturalist 37: 35-56 - get paper here
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.) 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. Herpetological Circular 39: 1-92
  • de Queiroz, K. 1992. Phylogenetic relationships and rates of allozyme evolution among the lineages of sceloporine sand lizards. Biological Journal of the Linnaean Society 45: 333-362 - get paper here
  • DERYCKE, ELIZABETH G.; ANDREW D. GOTTSCHO, ANDREW D. GOTTSCHO, DANIEL G. MULCAHY, KEVIN DE QUEIROZ 2020. A new cryptic species of fringe-toed lizards from southwestern Arizona with a revised taxonomy of the Uma notata species complex (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae). Zootaxa 4778 (1): 67–100 - get paper here
  • Elvin, David W. 1960. Range extension for Uma scoparia Cope. Herpetologica 16: 31 - get paper here
  • Gottscho, A.D., Wood, D.A., Vandergast, A.G., Lemos-Espinal, J., Gatesy, J., Reeder, T.W. 2016. Lineage Diversification of Fringe-toed Lizards (Phrynosomatidae: Uma notata complex) in the Colorado Desert: Delimiting Species in the Presence of Gene Flow. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 106: 103-117 - get paper here
  • Gottscho, Andrew D.; Sharyn B. Marks & W. Bryan Jennings 2014. Speciation, population structure, and demographic historyof the Mojave Fringe-toed Lizard (Uma scoparia), a species of conservation concern. Ecology and Evolution 4 (12): 2546 – 2562 - get paper here
  • Heifetz, William 1941. A review of the lizards of the genus Uma. Copeia 1941 (2): 99-111 - get paper here
  • Jones, J. L. and S. E. Stocking 2017. Geographic Distribution: Uma scoparia (Mojave Fringe-toed Lizard). Herpetological Review 48 (2): 390-391 - get paper here
  • Jones, L.L. & Lovich, R.E. 2009. Lizards of the American Southwest. A photographic field guide. Rio Nuevo Publishers, Tucson, AZ, 568 pp. [review in Reptilia 86: 84] - get paper here
  • Leavitt, Daniel J.; Woodrow L. Crumbo, Jason M. Myrand, Elroy H. Masters 2017. The geographic range of Uma scoparia Cope, 1894 (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae) in Arizona. Check List 13 (2): - get paper here
  • Mayhew, W.W. 1964. Photoperiodic responses in three species of the lizard genus Uma. Herpetologica 20 (2): 95-113. - get paper here
  • Mayhew, W.W. 1964. Taxonomic Status of California Populations of the Lizard Genus Uma. Herpetologica 20 (3): 170-183. - get paper here
  • Mayhew, W.W. 1966. Reproduction in the Psammophilous Lizard Uma scoparia. Copeia 1966 (1): 114-122. - get paper here
  • MCCARTY, KRISTEN; STEPHEN STOCKING & JASON L. JONES. 2022. Geographic distribution: UMA SCOPARIA (Mohave Fringe-toed Lizard). USA: NEVADA: Clark Co.: Apex Dunes. Herpetological Review 53 (2): 263.
  • Minnich, J.E. & V.H. Shoemaker 1972. Water and Electrolyte Turnover in a Field Population of the Lizard, Uma scoparia Copeia 1972 (4): 650-659. - get paper here
  • Pianka, E. R. 1966. Convexity, desert lizards, and spatial heterogeneity. Ecology 47 (6): 1055-1059 - get paper here
  • Pianka, E. R. 1967. On lizard species diversity: North American flatland deserts. Ecology 48 (3): 333-351 - get paper here
  • Pough, F. Harvey 1974. Uma scoparia. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (155): 1-2 - get paper here
  • Smith, Hobart M. 1946. Handbook of Lizards: Lizards of the United States and of Canada. Comstock, Ithaca, NY, xxii + 557 pp.
  • Stebbins,R.C. 1985. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, 2nd ed. Houghton Mifflin, Boston
  • Thomson, Robert C.; Amber N. Wright & H. Bradley Shaffer 2016. California Amphibian and Reptile Species of Special Concern. University of California Press - get paper here
  • Trépanier, T.L.; Murphy, R.W. 2001. The Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard (Uma inornata): genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of an endangered species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 18(3):327-334 - get paper here
  • Werning, H. 2018. Nordamerikanische Kleinleguane – Die Familie Phrynosomatidae. Reptilia 23 (131): 14-19
  • Werning, Heiko 2012. Die Reptilien und Amphibien des Südwestens. Draco 13 (50): 18-60 - get paper here
  • Werning, Heiko 2014. Leguane im „Wilden Westen“. Terraria-Elaphe 2014 (2): 16-25 - get paper here
 
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