Uroplatus garamaso GLAW, KÖHLER, RATSOAVINA, RASELIMANANA, CROTTINI, GEHRING, BÖHME, SCHERZ & VENCES, 2023
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Uroplatus garamaso
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| Higher Taxa | Gekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | |
| Synonym | Uroplatus garamaso GLAW, KÖHLER, RATSOAVINA, RASELIMANANA, CROTTINI, GEHRING, BÖHME, SCHERZ & VENCES 2023: 244 Uroplatus fimbriatus — BLOXAM & BARLOW 1987 Uroplatus fimbriatus — HAWKINS et al. 1990 Uroplatus sikorae — SVATEK & VAN 2002 Uroplatus henkeli — GLAW & VENCES 2007 Uroplatus henkeli — GREENBAUM et al. 2007 |
| Distribution | N Madagascar (Montagne d’Ambre) Type locality: west slope of Montagne d’Ambre (-12.58199°, 49.11162°, 809 m above sea level), northern Madagascar |
| Reproduction | |
| Types | Holotype: ZSM 35/2018 (field number MSZC 797), adult male, collected by M. D. Scherz, J. H. Razafindraibe, A. Razafimanantsoa and S. M. Rasolonjavato on 10 December 2017. Paratypes (a total of 15 specimens): ZSM 525/2000 (FGMV 2000.330), adult male, and ZSM 526/2000 (no field number), collected by F. Glaw, K. Glaw and M. Vences at Montagne des Français (-12.317°, 49.333°), on 15 March 2000 and 21 March 2000, respectively; ZSM 889/2003 (FGMV 2002.897), probably a subadult female, collected by F. Glaw, R. D. Randrianiaina and A. Razafimanantsoa at Ankarana, on 15 February 2003; ZSM 314/2004 (FGZC 604), adult female, collected by F. Glaw, M. Puente and R. Randrianiaina at Ankarana (near Mahamasina; -12.968°, 49.139°, ca. 100 m a.s.l.), on 25 February 2004; ZSM 2144/2007 (FGZC 1184), UADBA (FGZC 1185) and ZSM 2145/2007 (FGZC 1186), three adult females, collected by F. Glaw, P. Bora, H. Enting, J. Köhler and A. Knoll in the eastern part of Ankarana National Park (way to Petit Tsingy and Grotte des Chauves Souris, -12.9569°, 49.1183°, 90 m a.s.l.), on 28 February 2007; ZSM 1000/2003 (FGMV 2002.3014), adult female, collected by F. Glaw and R. D. Randrianiaina at Montagne des Français on 20 February 2003; ZSM 2111/2007 (FGZC 1108), subadult specimen, collected by F. Glaw, P. Bora, H. Enting, J. Köhler and A. Knoll at Montagne des Français (surroundings of old fort; -12.32583°, 49.33806°, ca. 200 m a.s.l.), on 27 February 2007; UADBA (FGZC 1487), adult specimen, collected by F. Glaw, P. Bora, H. Enting, J. Köhler and A. Knoll at Montagne des Français (-12.52694°, 49.17194°, 197 m a.s.l.) on 16 April 2007; ZSM 2032/2008 (FGZC 1894), adult female, and UADBA (FGZC 1895), juvenile, collected by J. Totomainty at Montagne des Français (ca. 1.5 km [air distance] SW Andavakoera, “Frontier base camp”, -12.3331°, 49.3557°, 140 m a.s.l.), on 01 March 2008; ZSM 2033/2008 (FGZC 1908), adult male, collected by F. Glaw and Z. T. Nagy at Montagne des Français (near old fort, -12.3259°, 49.3382°, 260 m a.s.l.), on 1 March 2008; ZSM 2035/2008 (FGZC 3117), adult specimen collected by N. D’Cruze at Forêt d’Ambre (ca. 5 km SW Sakaramy, -12.463°, 49.220°, 479 m a.s.l.) on 19 February 2008; ZFMK 75754, adult male, collected by local collector(s) at Montagne d’Ambre, in October 2001. |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis: Assigned to the genus Uroplatus and within the genus to the U. fimbriatus group based on molecular phylogenetic relationships and typical general appearance: a large Malagasy gecko with flat tail and lateral dermal fringes along head and body. It differs from U. fimbriatus and U. giganteus by smaller body size (SVL of adults < 140 mm vs. ≥ 150 mm) and a different iris colouration without a pattern of vertical lines. It can be distinguished from most populations of U. sikorae, including the ones from northern Madagascar, by absence of black colour on the oral mucosa (vs. presence), from U. sameiti by a larger number of supralabials (45–53 vs. 37–44, according to counts reported herein; Table 1), and from both these species by habitat (dry or transitional forest vs. humid rainforest). The new species is most similar to, and phylogenetically the sister species of, U. henkeli (Figs 7–9), from which it differs mainly by smaller adult body size (SVL 83–139 mm vs. 138–186 mm), a smaller relative tail width (TaW/SVL 0.12– 0.19 vs. 0.19–0.23), an unpigmented tip of the tongue (vs. black tip in U. henkeli), more extended yellow-reddish colour in the iris of most individuals, and apical serrated rotulae (vs. symmetrical fleshy apical structures with serrated elements) on hemipenes. Furthermore, the new species is genetically highly distinct from all other Uroplatus in the mitochondrial and nuclear-encoded genes studied, with numerous diagnostic substitutions in all pairwise comparisons and > 8% pairwise distance in the 16S gene fragment. The karyotype of the new species, based on a specimen from Montagne d’Ambre genotyped using a 16S sequence, was 2n = 36, with loci of NORs in a peritelomeric position on the 6th chromosome pair (Mezzasalma et al. 2022). (Glaw et al. 2023) Additional details (5390 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. |
| Comment | |
| Etymology | The species epithet is a Malagasy term containing the Malagasy word maso (= eye) and is used in Madagascar to refer to someone with bright, shiny eyes. The name refers to the often characteristic eye colouration of the new species, and is used as a noun in apposition to the genus name. |
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