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Vipera berus (LINNAEUS, 1758)

IUCN Red List - Vipera berus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaViperidae, Viperinae, Serpentes (snakes) 
SubspeciesVipera berus berus (LINNAEUS 1758)
Vipera berus bosniensis (BOETTGER, 1889) 
Common NamesE: Adder, Northern Viper
G: Kreuzotter 
SynonymColuber Berus LINNAEUS 1758: 217
Coluber Berus — LAURENTI 1768: 97
Vipera berus — DAUDIN 1803: 89
Chersea vulgaris FLEMING 1822: 295
Berus vulgaris — SWAINSON 1839: 362
Pelias berus — GÜNTHER 1859: 226
Pelias berus — SCHUBERT 1886
Vipera berus — BOULENGER 1896: 476
Coluber berus — STEJNEGER 1907: 445
Vipera berus — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Vipera berus — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 397
Vipera (Pelias) berus — VENCHI & SINDACO 2006

Vipera berus berus (LINNAEUS 1758)
Coluber berus LINNAEUS 1758
Pelias berus — MERREM 1820: 148

Vipera berus bosniensis BOETTGER 1889
Vipera berus v[ar]. bosniensis BOETTGER in MOJSISOVICS 1889 [1888]
Vipera berus pseudaspis SCHREIBER 1912
Vipera berus bosniensis — HARDING & WELCH 1980
Vipera berus bosniensis — IOANNIDIS & BOUSBOURAS 1989
Vipera berus bosniensis — SCHWEIGER 2009 
DistributionNorway, Sweden, Finland,
France, Denmark, Germany, Austria, Switzerland,
N Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, Great Britain,
Poland, Czech Republic (formerly Czechoslovakia), Hungary, Romania, Belarus, Turkey,
Bulgaria, Albania, Slovakia,
Croatia, Slovenia, Macedonia, Bosnia-Hercegovina,
Monte Negro, Macedonia, Serbia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania,
Russia, Ukraine, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, North Korea, NW China (N Xinjiang, Jilin)

bosniensis: Bosnia, Croatia, Serbia, Macedonia, Montenegro, N Albania, N Greece, Hungary

sachalinensis: E Russia (Sachalin Island and adjacent mainland)

Type locality: Uppsala, Sweden Map legend:
TDWG region - Region according to the TDWG standard, not a precise distribution map.

NOTE: TDWG regions are generated automatically from the text in the distribution field and this does not always work properly. We are working on it.
 
TypesSntypes: NMR 5995 
CommentVenomous!

Distribution including data for V. sachalinensis which has been elevated to species status. ENGELMANN et al. (1993) list Vipera berus pseudaspis SCHREIBER 1912 as separate subspecies. V. b. bosniensis most likely not in Romania (Sos 2008).

Synonymy partly after STEJNEGER 1907.

Taxonomy: Vipera berus bosniensis may represent a valid species (U. Joger in MCDIARMID et al. 1999). Vipera berus sachalinensis ZAREVSKY 1917 has been elevated to species status. JOGER et al. (2007) found that bosniensis, nikolskii, barani, sachalinensis nested within various populations of V. berus.

Reproduction: ovoviviparous (listed as viviparous by Blackburn 1994). 
References
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