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Bothrops pirajai AMARAL, 1923

IUCN Red List - Bothrops pirajai - Vulnerable, VU
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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Piraja's Lancehead
Portuguese: Jaracuçu-Tapete, Jararaca, Jararacuçu, Jararacuçu-Tapete, Jararacuçu-da-Bahia, Patrona, Tapete 
SynonymBothrops pirajai AMARAL 1923: 99
Bothrops neglecta AMARAL 1923: 100
Bothrops neglecta AMARAL 1926: 118
Bothrops pirajai AMARAL 1926: 120
Bothrops pirajai — WELCH 1994: 35
Bothrops pirajai — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 270
Bothrops pirajai — FENWICK et al. 2009
Bothrops pirajai — CARRASCO et al. 2012
Bothrops pirajai — WALLACH et al. 2014: 118
Bothrops pirajai — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBrazil (Bahia)

Type locality: Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.

neglecta: Type locality: "Bahia, Brazil."  
Reproductionovoviviparous 
TypesHolotype: IBSP (= IB) 3008
Holotype: IB 3010 [neglecta] 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions are available for collaborators and contributors. We will relaease that material sometime next year. Please contact us if you need any of this data earlier than that. 
CommentVenomous!

Synonymy: Note that Amaral described Bothrops pirajai and B. neglecta as new species in two independent papers, published in 1923 and 1926. Synonymy following McDiarmid et al. 1999: 270. Dunn 1937 described a specimen from Colombia as a possible third specimen of this species.

Similar species: Bothrops jararacussu 
Etymology“dedicated to Professor Piraja da Silva, director of the branch the Instituto de Butantan has in Bahia. Professor P. da Silva sent it alive to me [Amaral] for determination, among other specimens of snakes, in December, 1921” 
References
  • Amaral, A. do 1923. New genera and species of snakes. Proc. New England Zool. Club 8: 85-105 - get paper here
  • Amaral, A. do 1926. Novos gêneros e expécies de ophidios brasileiros. Arch. Mus. Nac. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro 26: 1-27
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 1989. The Venomous Reptiles of Latin America. Comstock Publishing/Cornell University Press, Ithaca
  • Dal Vechio, Francisco; Ivan Prates, Felipe G. Grazziotin, Roberta Graboski & Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues 2020. Molecular and phenotypic data reveal a new Amazonian species of pit vipers (Serpentes: Viperidae: Bothrops). Journal of Natural History, 54:37-38, 2415-2437 - get paper here
  • Dunn, Emmett Reid 1937. Notes on some Colombian reptiles. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 50: 11-14 - get paper here
  • FENWICK, ALLYSON M.; RONALD L. GUTBERLET JR, JENNAFER A. EVANS, CHRISTOPHER L. PARKINSON 2009. Morphological and molecular evidence for phylogeny and classification of South American pitvipers, genera Bothrops, Bothriopsis, and Bothrocophias (Serpentes: Viperidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (3): 617-640 - get paper here
  • Ferrarezzi, H. & Freire, E.M.X. 2001. New species of Bothrops Wagler, 1824 from the Atlantic forest of northeastern Brazil (Serpentes, Viperidae, Crotalinae). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Serie, Zoologia 440: 1-10
  • Freitas, Marco Antonio de 2014. Squamate reptiles of the Atlantic Forest of northern Bahia, Brazil. Check List 10 (5): 1020-1030 - get paper here
  • Freitas, Marco Antonio de; Antonio Jorge Suzart Argôlo, Catherine Gonner & Diogo Veríssimo 2014. Biology and conservation status of Piraja’s Lancehead Snake Bothrops pirajai Amaral, 1923 (Serpentes: Viperidae), Brazil. Journal of Threatened Taxa 6 (10): 6326–6334, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o4023.6326-34 - get paper here
  • Freitas, Marco Antonio de; Arthur Diesel Abegg, Iuri Ribeiro Dias, Elbano Paschoal de Figueiredo Moraes 2018. Herpetofauna from Serra da Jibóia, an Atlantic Rainforest remnant in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Herpetology Notes 11: 59-72 - get paper here
  • Freitas, Marco Antonio de; Arthur Diesel Abegg, Thais Figueiredo Santos Silva, Patrícia Mendes Fonseca, Breno Hamdan, Thiago Filadelfo 2019. Herpetofauna of Serra do Timbó, an Atlantic Forest remnant in the State of Bahia, Northeastern Brazil. Herpetology Notes 12: 245-260 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Hamdan, B. & R. M. Lira-da-Silva 2012. The snakes of Bahia State, northeastern Brazil: species richness, composition and biogeographical notes. Salamandra 48 (1): 31-50 - get paper here
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Solé, Mirco 2015. Auf der Suche nach der seltensten Giftschlange Südamerikas. Terraria-Elaphe 2015 (6): 50-53 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams, Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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