Bradypodion setaroi RAW, 1976

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Higher Taxa	Chamaeleonidae, Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Setaro's Dwarf Chameleon
Synonym	Bradypodion setaroi RAW 1976: 152 Chamaeleo pumilus setaroi — HOFMAN, MAXSON & ARNTZEN 1991 Bradypodion setaroi — KLAVER & BÖHME 1997 Bradypodion setaroi —NECAS 1999: 203 Bradypodion setaroi — TILBURY 2010: 303 Bradypodion setaroi — HARPORT & REISSIG 2020
Distribution	Republic of South Africa (From St. Lucia to Lake Sibaya) Type locality: St. Lucia Estuary, Zululand, South Africa.
Reproduction	ovoviviparous
Types	Holotype: LRC 686 (private collection of Lynn Raw; specimens are in Denmark, L. Raw, pers. comm., 24 Oct 2018)
Diagnosis	Diagnosis (n=21): Most closely related to B.melanocephalum, as shown by the small size and brownish basic colouration'. Differs from this species in having a more pronounced casque and also in that the dorsal crest does not reach the sacral region of the back. This latter character also serves to distinguish this species from all other species of Bradypodion, in all of which the crest is continuous onto the anterior portion of the tail. (Raw 1976) Unfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data. However, these details, e.g. detailed descriptions (about about .78 pages) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us if you need any of this material.
Comment	Distribution: For a map see TOLLEY et al. (2004). Endangered (HILTON-TAYLOR 2000).
Etymology	Named after Gordon Setaro, who is described by Raw as "an enthusiastic field collector of southern African herpetofauna." They collected the holotype (1974).
References	Barends, J. M., Petford, M. A., & Tolley, K. A. 2024. Comparing perch availability and perch use between African dwarf chameleon (Bradypodion) ectomorphs. Current Zoology, zoae076 Bates, M.F.; Branch, W.R., Bauer, A.M.; Burger, M., Marais, J.; Alexander, G.J. & de Villliers, M.S. (eds.) 2014. Atlas and Red List of the Reptiles of South Africa, Lesotho, and Swaziland. Suricata 1. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 512 pp. Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here Branch, William R. 1993. A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Struik Publishers, 144 S. Clark, Tyron K; Graham J Alexander, Krystal A Tolley 2024. Susceptibility of Dwarf Chameleons to Climate and Land Use Change: A Vulnerability Framework for Conservation Planning. African Zoology 59(1), 26-38 - get paper here Glaw, F. 2015. Taxonomic checklist of chameleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). [type catalogue] Vertebrate Zoology 65 (2): 167–246 - get paper here Haagner, G. V. 1989. Additional distribution records of the dwarf chameleon Bradypodion setaroi in Zululand (Sauria: Chamaeleontidae), and some ecological notes. Lammergeyer 40: 42-46 Haagner, G.V.; Branch, W.R. 1994. Geographical Distribution - Bradypodion setaroi. African Herp News (21): 24-24 - get paper here Harport, V. & Reissig, J. 2020. Herpetofauna-Tour im Osten Südafrikas. Elaphe 2020 (5): 34-44 Hilton-Taylor, C. 2000. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Hofman, A., MAXSON, L. R. & ARNTZEN, J.W. 1991. Biochemical evidence pertaining to the taxonomic relationships within the family Chamaeleonidae. Amphibia-Reptilia 12: 245—265 - get paper here Klaver, Ch. J.J. & Böhme,W. 1997. Chamaeleonidae. Das Tierreich, 112: XIV, 1-85 Masurat, G. & I. Masura 1995. Bradypodion setaroi Raw, 1976 - Ersthaltung und - fortpflanzung im Terrarium. Sauria 17 (2): 3-9 - get paper here Nečas, Petr 1999. Chameleons - Nature's Hidden Jewels. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt; 348 pp.; ISBN 3-930612-04-6 (Europe)<br />ISBN 1-57524-137-4 (USA, Canada) Raw, L. R. G. 1976. A survey of the dwarf chameleons of Natal, South Africa, with description of three new species (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae). Durban Mus. Novit. 11(7): 139-161. Reissig, J. 2013. Bradypodion setaroi (Raw, 1976) Reproduction. African Herp News (59): 42-44 - get paper here Reissig, J; 2019. Bradypodion setaroi (Setaro’s Dwarf Chameleon) Reproduction. Herpetological Review 50 (3): 570 - get paper here Schmidt, W.; Tamm, K. & Wallikewitz, E. 2010. Chamäleons - Drachen unserer Zeit. Natur und Tier Verlag, 328 pp. [review in Reptilia 101: 64, 2013] - get paper here Stuart-Fox, D. & Moussalli, A. 2007. Sex-specific ecomorphological variation and the evolution of sexual dimorphism in dwarf chameleons (Bradypodion spp.). J. evol. Biol. 20: 1073-1081 - get paper here Stuart-Fox, D.; Moussalli, A. & Whiting, M.J. 2007. Natural Selection on Social Signals: Signal Efﬁcacy and the Evolution of Chameleon Display Coloration. American Naturalist 170 (6): 916-930 - get paper here Tilbury, C. 2010. Chameleons of Africa: An Atlas, Including the Chameleons of Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt M., 831 pp. Tolley, K. & Burger, M. 2007. Chameleons of Southern Africa. Struik, Cape Town,100 pp. Tolley, K.A., Conradie, W., Pietersen, D.W., Weeber, J., Burger, M. & Alexander, G.J. (eds) 2023. Conservation status of the reptiles of South Africa, Eswatini and Lesotho. Suricata 10. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria - get paper here Tolley, Krystal A.; Colin R. Tilbury, William R. Branch and Conrad A. Matthee 2004. Phylogenetics of the southern African dwarf chameleons, Bradypodion (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30 (2): 354-365 - get paper here
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://verity.mcphu.edu/adcham/paged.asp?genus=bradypodion http://www.biodiversityexplorer.org/reptiles/squamata/chamaeleonidae… Google images

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