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Enyalius brasiliensis (LESSON, 1829)

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Higher TaxaLeiosauridae (Enyaliinae), Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Brazilian Fathead Anole
Portuguese: Camaleãozinho, Papa-Vento 
SynonymLophyrus brasiliensis LESSON 1829: 37
Enyalius brasiliensis — PETERS et al. 1970: 118
Enyalius brasiliensis— FROST et al. 2001
Enyalius brasiliensis — RODRIGUES et al. 2014
Enyalius brasiliensis — CARVALHO et al. 2023 
DistributionSE Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Santa Catarina, Rio de Janeiro), NE Uruguay

Type locality: Santa Catarina, Brazil.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes. MNHN-RA 6816 and MNHN-RA 6816A (2 specimens) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: This subspecies differs from the other by the following characters: 1) tail longer than 2.00 times snout-vent length in males and longer than 1.85 times snout-vent length in females; 2) usually more than 50 enlarged scales in vertebral series; 3) usually more than 192 paravertebral scales between interparietal and hind margin of thigh in males and more than 205 paravertebral scales in females; 4) usually more than 67 scales in one half of midbody count (from mid-dorsal line to mid-ventral line) of males and more than 69 in females; 5) ratio of nares width to maximum superciliary width usually greater than .34 in males and greater than .36 in females; 6) enlarged canthals either reach or closely approach the level of the hind edge of the nasal scale. (JACKSON 1978: 26, 27)


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CommentPeters et al. 1970 give the date of Lesson’s publication as 1828.

Distribution: the record from Uruguay is based on a single specimen from the BMNH (Etheridge 1969: 250; S. Meiri, pers. comm., 19 Feb 2013). See map in Breitman et al. 2019: 357 (Fig. 1). 
EtymologyNamed after the species’ distribution in Brazil. 
References
  • Almeida-Gomes, Mauricio and Carlos Frederico Duarte Rocha 2014. Diversity and Distribution of Lizards in Fragmented Atlantic Forest Landscape in Southeastern Brazil. Journal of Herpetology Sep 2014, Vol. 48, No. 3: 423-429. - get paper here
  • Almeida-Gomes, Mauricio; DAVOR VRCIBRADIC, CARLA C. SIQUEIRA, MARA C. KIEFER, THAÍS KLAION, PATRÍCIA ALMEIDA-SANTOS, DENISE NASCIMENTO, CRISTINA V. ARIANI, VITOR N.T. BORGES-JUNIOR, RICARDO F. FREITAS-FILHO, MONIQUE VAN SLUYS and CARLOS F.D. ROCHA 2008. Herpetofauna of an Atlantic rainforest area (Morro São João) in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 80(2): 291-300 - get paper here
  • Breitman, M. Florencia; Fabricius M.C.B. Domingos, Justin C. Bagley, Helga C. Wiederhecker, Tayná B. Ferrari, Vitor H.G.L. Cavalcante, André C. Pereira, Tarcísio L.S. Abreu, Anderson Kennedy Soares De-Lima, Carlos J.S. Morais, Ana C.H. del Prette, Iz 2018. A New Species of Enyalius (Squamata, Leiosauridae) Endemic to the Brazilian Cerrado. Herpetologica 74 (4): 355-369. - get paper here
  • Caldeira Costa, H.; Dias Fernandes, V.; Castro Rodrigues, A. & Neves Feio, R. 2009. Lizards and Amphisbaenians, municipality of Viçosa, state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. Check List 5 (3): 732–745 - get paper here
  • Cozer, J. S., Pereira-Ribeiro, J., Linause, T. M., Ferreguetti, A. C., de Godoy Bergallo, H., & da Rocha, C. F. D. 2020. Reptile diversity in the Duas Bocas Biological Reserve, Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. Papéis Avulsos De Zoologia, 60: e20206040 - get paper here
  • Dorigo, Thiago Arnt; Carla Costa Siqueira; Jane C. F. Oliveira; Luciana Ardenghi Fusinatto; Manuela Santos-Pereira; Marlon Almeida-Santos; Thiago Maia-Carneiro; Caroline N. C. Reis; Carlos Frederico Duarte Rocha 2021. Amphibians and reptiles from the Parque Nacional da Tijuca, Brazil, one of the world’s largest urban forests Anfíbios e répteis do Parque Nacional da Tijuca, Brasil, uma das maiores florestas urbanas do mundo. Biota Neotropica 21 (2) - get paper here
  • Etheridge, R. 1969. A review of the Iguanid lizard genus Enyalius. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology 18 (8): 233-260 - get paper here
  • Frost, Darrel R.; Richard Etheridge; Daniel Janies and Tom A. Titus 2001. Total evidence, sequence alignment, evolution of polychrotid lizards, and a reclassification of the Iguania (Squamata, Iguania). American Museum Novitates 3343: 1-22 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Jackson J F 1978. Differentiation in the genera Enyalius and Strobilurus (Iguanidae): implications for Pleistocene climatic changes in eastern Brazil. Arquivos de Zoologia 30(1) 1978: 1-79
  • Lesson, R.P. 1829. Description de quelques reptiles nouveaux ou peu connus. In: M.L.I. Duperrey, Voyage Autour du Monde Execute par Ordre du Roi, sur la Corvette de La Majeste, La Coquille, Pendant les Annees 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825. 2. Zoologie Tome 2, Partie 1. Arthur Bertrand, Paris: 1-65 [published 1829 fide Lescure 2015 but often cited as 1830] - get paper here
  • Oliveira, Jane C.F.; Rodrigo Castellari Gonzalez; Paulo Passos; Davor Vrcibradic & Carlos Frederico Duarte Rocha 2020. Non-Avian Reptiles of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: status of knowledge and commented list. Pap. Avulsos Zool. 60: e20206024 - get paper here
  • Peters, James A. & Donoso-Barros, Roberto 1970. Catalogue of the Neotropical Squamata: Part II. Lizards and Amphisbaenians. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 297: 293 pp. - get paper here
  • Rodrigues M T 1991. Herpetofauna das dunas interiores do rio Sao Francisco, Bahia, Brasil. 4. Uma nova especie de Typhlops (Ophidia, Typhlopidae). Pap. Avul. Zool., Sao Paulo 37 (22) 1991: 343-346 - get paper here
  • Rodrigues, Miguel Trefaut; Carolina Elena Viña Bertolotto, Renata Cecília Amaro, Yatiyo Yonenaga-Yassuda, Eliza Maria Xavier Freire, Katia Cristina Machado Pellegrino 2014. Molecular phylogeny, species limits, and biogeography of the Brazilian endemic lizard genus Enyalius (Squamata: Leiosauridae): An example of the historical relationship between Atlantic Forests and Amazonia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 81: 137-146, DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.07.019 - get paper here
  • Rodrigues, Miguel Trefaut; Marco Antonio de Freitas, Thais Figueiredo Santos Silva, and Carolina Elena Viña Bertolotto 2006. A new species of lizard genus Enyalius (Squamata, Leiosauridae) from the highlands of Chapada Diamantina, State of Bahia, Brazil, with a key to species. Phyllomedusa 5 (1): 11-24 - get paper here
  • Vrcibradic, D.; C.F.D. Rocha; M.C. Kiefer; F.H. Hatano; A.F. Fontes; M. Almeida-Gomes; C.C. Siqueira; J.A.L. Pontes; V.N.T. Borges-Junior; L.O. Gil; T. Klaion; E.C.N. Rubião; M. Sluys. 2011. Herpetofauna, Estação Ecológica Estadual do Paraíso, state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. Check List 7 (6): 745-749 - get paper here
 
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