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Erythrolamprus almadensis (WAGLER, 1824)

IUCN Red List - Erythrolamprus almadensis - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Almaden Ground Snake
Portuguese: Cobra-Espada, Cobra-D’água, Corre-Campo-Pequena, Jararaca-de-Barriga-Vermelha, Jararaquinha-Comum, Jararaquinha-do-Campo, Parelheira 
SynonymNatrix almada WAGLER 1824: 30
Natrix almadensis WAGLER 1824
Natrix bahiensis WAGLER 1824 (incertae sedis)
Coronella almadensis FITZINGER 1826
Liophis almadensis WAGLER 1830
Liophis conirostris GÜNTHER 1858
Liophis wagleri JAN 1863: 53
Liophis wagleri JAN 1863: 87
Liophis verecundus JAN 1863: 300
Liophis (Lygophis) y-graecum PETERS 1882: 129
Aporophis conirostris — COPE 1885: 191 (fide BOULENGER 1886)
Liophis almadensis — BOETTGER 1885: 228
Liophis almadensis — BOULENGER 1886: 432
Liophis almadensis — BOULENGER 1894: 134
Trigonocephalus scolecomorphus BACQUÉ 1906
Leimadophis almadensis — SERIÉ 1921
Liophis almadensis — VANZOLINI 1986: 12
Dromicus alinadensis — CORDEIRO & HOGE 1974 (in error)
Leimadophis almadensis — JAUCH 1979
Liophis almadensis — CEI 1993
Leimadophis almadensis — HOOEGMOED & GRUBER 1983
Liophis almadensis — LEYNAUD & BUCHER 1999: 20
Liophis almadensis — BERNILS et al. 2007
Erythrolamprus almadensis — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012
Liophis almadensis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 380
Liophis almadensis — BERNARDE et al. 2012
Erythrolamprus almadensis — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBrazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Maranhão [HR 30: 113], Rondonia, Pará, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro), Paraguay, Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Formosa), Uruguay, Bolivia (Beni), Peru

Type locality: Almada, Bahia, Brazil.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: ZSM 2688/0, juvenile, desginated by HOOGMOED & GRUBER 1983
Syntypes: probably all lost, previously Milan, Monaco, ZMH (J. Hallermann, pers. comm., 17 May 2024) [wagleri] 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1254 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy after CEI 1993, Dixon 1989.

Distribution: This species has been reported from Peru, but without specific locality (T. Doan, pers. comm. 30 Apr 2012). Some Amazonian populations have been assigned to E. carajasensis (Guimarães et al. 2025). See map in Nogueira et al. 2019.

Type species: Natrix almada WAGLER 1824: 30 is the type species of the genus Leimadophis Fitzinger 1843. See Dunn 1944 for a definition of the genus. 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
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