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Ichnotropis grandiceps BROADLEY, 1967

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Higher TaxaLacertidae, Eremiadinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Caprivi Rough-scaled Lizard, Zambezi rough-scaled lizard 
SynonymIchnotropis grandiceps BROADLEY 1967
Ichnotropis grandiceps — AUERBACH 1987: 132
Ichnotropis grandiceps — EDWARDS et al. 2013
Ichnotropis grandiceps — PIETERSEN et al. 2021
Ichnotropis grandiceps — CONRADIE et al. 2025: 649 
DistributionBotswana, NE Namibia, Zambia

Type locality: 25 miles west of Mohembo, Botswana, on the border of the Caprivi Strip (South West Africa).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: USNM 163989, an adult male.
Paratypes: UM 16278 (male) and USNM 163990 (Juvenile). (UM = Umtali Museum, Rhodesia). Besides the type and paratypes, only 4 other specimens are known, collected by W.D. Haacke and residing in the Transvaal Museum: DNMNH (= TM) 30822, DNMNH (= TM) 38309, DNMNH (= TM) 38310 and DNMNH (= TM) 38404. 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 3022 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentDistribution: see map for Angola in Benito et al. 2025: 901 (Fig. 8), as I. aff. grandiceps, and in Conradie et al. 2025: 649 (Fig. 14).

Known from only 9 specimens in Namibia and W Zambia. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin grandis = large, and -ceps = head. 
References
  • Alexander, G & Marais, J. 2007. A guide to the reptiles of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, 408 pp. [book review in Elaphe 16 (3): 18] - get paper here
  • Auerbach, R.D. 1987. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Botswana. Mokwepa Consultants, Botswana, 295 pp.
  • Auerbach, Ronald Daniel 1986. First steps in Setswana Herpetology. Botswana Notes and Records (Gaborone), 18: 71-90.
  • Berg, M.P. van den 2017. An annotated bibliographic history of Ichnotropis PETERS, 1854 (Reptilia, Lacertidae) with remarks on the validity of some of the including species. L@CERTIDAE (Eidechsen Online), 2017 [4]: 60-138. - get paper here
  • Bischoff, W. 1991. Übersicht der Arten und Unterarten der Familie Lacertidae 2. Die Gattungen Eremias, Gallotia, Gastropholis, Heliobolus, Holaspis und Ichnotropis. Die Eidechse 2 (2): 14-21 - get paper here
  • Branch, W. R. 1998. Field Guide to the Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. 3rd ed. Fully Revised and Updated to Include 83 New Species. Ralph Curtis Books (Sanibel Island, Florida), 399 pp.
  • Branch, W.R., Baard, E.H.W., Haacke, W.D., Jacobsen, N., Poynton, J.C., & Broadley, D.G., eds. 1988. A provisional and annotated checklist of the herpetofauna of Southern Africa. J. Herp. Assoc. Africa 34: 1-19. - get paper here
  • Branch, William R. 1993. A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Struik Publishers, 144 S.
  • Branch,W.R. 1988. Field Guide to the snakes and other reptiles of southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 328 pp.
  • Breda, Reuben Victor van 2023. Herpetofaunal survey of the Khaudum– Ngamiland dispersal area in Namibia. MSc thesis, North–West University, YUNIBESITI YA BOKONE-BOPHIRIMA - get paper here
  • Broadley, D.G. 1967. A new species of Ichnotropis (Sauria: Lacertidae) from the Botswana-Caprivi border. Arnoldia 3 (24): 1-5
  • Broadley, D.G. 2004. Herpetofauna of the four corners area. - In: R. & Childes, S.L. (Eds.) 2004. Biodiversity of the Four Corners Area: Technical Reviews Volume Two (Chapters 5-15). Timberlake, J. Occasional Publications in Biodiversity No 15, Biodiversity Foundation for Africa, Bulawayo/Zambezi Society, Harare, Zimbabwe: 313- 346
  • Conradie W and Branch WR. 2016. The herpetofauna of the Cubango, Cuito, and lower Cuando river catchments of south-eastern Angola. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 10 (2) [Special Section]: 6–36 - get paper here
  • Conradie W, Keates C, Greenbaum E, Lobón-Rovira J, Tolley KA, Benito M, Vaz Pinto P, van Breda RV, Verburgt L 2025. Systematics of African rough-scaled lizards, with description of two new species from eastern Angola (Squamata: Lacertidae: Ichnotropis Peters, 1854). Vertebrate Zoology 75: 627-672 - get paper here
  • Conradie, W. 2012. Herpetofauna of the Cubango-Okovango River Catchment. A report on a rapid biodiversity survey conducted in May 2012. Port Elizabeth Museum (Bayworld). 17 pp
  • EDWARDS, SHELLEY; WILLIAM R. BRANCH, BIEKE VANHOOYDONCK, ANTHONY HERREL, G. JOHN MEASEY, KRYSTAL A. TOLLEY 2013. Taxonomic adjustments in the systematics of the southern African lacertid lizards (Sauria: Lacertidae). Zootaxa 3669 (2): 101–114 - get paper here
  • GRIFFIN, M. 2003. Annotated Checklist and Provisional National Conservation Status of Namibian Reptiles. Namibia Scientific Society, Windhoek. [2] + 169 pp.
  • Haacke, W. D. 1970. New herpetological records from South West Africa. Annals Transvaal Mus.26 (12): 277-283 - get paper here
  • Herrmann, H.-W.; W.R. Branch 2013. Fifty years of herpetological research in the Namib Desert and Namibia with an updated and annotated species checklist. Journal of Arid Environments 93: 94–115 - get paper here
  • Kirchhof, S.; Engleder, A.; Mayer, W. & Richter, K. 2011. Die Radiation der Lacertiden des südlichen Afrikas. Elaphe 19 (4): 6-11
  • Lewin, Amir; Anat Feldman, Aaron M. Bauer, Jonathan Belmaker, Donald G. Broadley, Laurent Chirio, Yuval Itescu, Matthew LeBreton, Erez Maza, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Maria Novosolov, Uri Roll, Oliver Tallowin, Jean-François Trape, Enav Vidan and 2016. Patterns of species richness, endemism and environmental gradients of African reptiles. Journal of Biogeography, doi:10.1111/jbi.12848 - get paper here
  • Mayer, W. 2013. Kommentierte Lacertiden-Liste für Europa, Afrika, den Nahen Osten inklusive der Arabischen Halbinsel und Asien. L@CERTIDAE (Eidechsen Online) 2013 [7]: 81-141 - get paper here
  • Mayer, W.; Berger-Dell'mour, H. 1988. Proteinelektrophoretische Untersuchungen zur Systematik der Gattungen Aporosaura, Meroles, Pedioplanis und Heliobolus (Sauria: Lacertidae) aus Südwest-Afrika. Herpetozoa 1 (1-2): 23-29 - get paper here
  • Mertens, R. 1971. Die Herpetofauna Südwest-Afrikas. Senck. Naturf. Gesell., Frankfurt am Main, Abhandl. 529: 110 pp.
  • Pietersen DW, Pietersen EW, Conradie W. 2017. Preliminary herpetological survey of Ngonye Falls and surrounding regions in south-western Zambia. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 11(1) [Special Section]: 24–43 (e148 - get paper here
  • Pietersen, Darren, Verburgt, Luke & Davies, John 2021. Snakes and other reptiles of Zambia and Malawi. Struik Nature / Penguin Random House South Africa, 376 pp., ISBN 9781775847373
 
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