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Mesalina bishnoi RAY, KHANDEL, SHARMA, DAS, ROY, SETHY & MOHAPATRA, 2026

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Higher TaxaLacertidae, Eremiadinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Bishnoi Desert Lizard 
SynonymMesalina bishnoi RAY, KHANDEL, SHARMA, DAS, ROY, SETHY & MOHAPATRA 2026: 142 
DistributionIndia (Rajasthan)

Type locality: Gajner, Bikaner district, Rajasthan, India (27.940725°N, 73.006918°E),  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype: ZSI-R-29523, collected by D. Khandal and V. Sharma, on 6 August 2025. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A member of the M. watsonana complex with three nasals, lower in contact with rostral and first upper labial; 10 upper labials (the fifth upper labial being largest and under the orbit); eight lower labials; shields of head often smooth; occipital present; a long, narrow shield at the upper anterior edge of the tympanic hole; two large transparent shields of lower eyelid accompanied with three smaller shields; scales on tibia keeled; ventral plates in eight straight longitudinal series and 30 transverse rows; 34 dorsal granular scales across middle of back; collar complete, curved and serrated, nine collars; five submaxillaries; 24 gulars; four supraoculars, the first and fourth supraoculars smaller than the others; six or seven supraciliaries; a row of granules separating supraoculars and supraciliaries incomplete; one very large preanal shield surrounded above and at the sides by two rows of smaller scales; 14 femoral pores on each side of the thigh, narrowly separated by two scales; 21 lamellae under fourth toe. Morphometric and meristic data of the holotype of M. bishnoi sp. nov., along with examined specimens of M. watsonana, have been provided in Table 4. (Ray et al. 2026)


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CommentDistribution: see map in Ray et al. 2026: 147 (Fig. 5). 
EtymologyNamed after the Bishnoi community of Rajasthan, India, an indigenous socio-ecological group renowned for their long-standing traditions of biodiversity conservation and sustainable coexistence with wildlife. 
References
  • Ray, S., Khandal, D., Sharma, V., Das, A., Roy, P., Sethy, P. G. S., & Mohapatra, P. P. 2026. Description of a novel species of Mesalina Gray, 1838 (Reptilia: Sauria: Lacertidae) from Rajasthan, India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 126(2), 141–151 - get paper here
 
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