Micrurus limbatus FRASER, 1964

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Higher Taxa	Elapidae, Elapoidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies	Micrurus limbatus limbatus (FRASER 1964) Micrurus limbatus spilosomus PEREZ-HIGAREDA & SMITH 1990
Common Names	E: Tuxtlan Coral Snake S: Coralillo de Los Tuxtlas
Synonym	Micrurus limbatus FRASER 1964 Micrurus limbatus — LINER 1994 Micrurus limbatus limbatus — LINER 2007 Micrurus limbatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 449 Micrurus limbatus spilosomus PEREZ-HIGAREDA & SMITH 1990 Micrurus limbatus spilosomus — LINER 2007
Distribution	Mexico (S Veracruz: Sierra de los Tuxtlas) spilosomus: Mexico (Veracruz); Type locality: from Bastonal. Sierra de Santa Marta, 900 m elevation, municipality of Catemaco. Veracruz. Mexico. Type locality: southern slope of Volcan San Martin, 7 airline miles north of San Andres Tuxtla, Veracruz, Mexico, at 1,050 m elevation.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Holotype: UMMZ 123858 Holotype: CAR-EBTT (= IBH-LT = UNAM-LT) 2733 (Los Tuxtlas), female [spilosomus]
Diagnosis	Diagnosis (spilosomus). A member of the species M. limbatus, not differing from the nominotypical subspecies, M. 1. limbatus, in scutellation. but differing from it Inpattem, having 14-21 round or oval black spots on a red dorsum; highly irregular, widely spaced blotches on venter; 3-4 black tail rings, shorter ventrally than dorsally; and a nuchal black ring interrupted ventrally or no more than one ventral long (as opposed to 31-45 black rings encircling body; 4-6 black tail rings, longer ventrally than dorsally, nuchal black ring complete, covering 3 or 4 ventrals).
Comment	Micrurus limbatus limbatus is mimicked by Pliocercus elapoides wilmarai (see figures in SMITH & CHISZAR 2001). Venomous!
References	Aguilar-López JL, Luría-Manzano R, Pineda E, Canseco-Márquez L 2021. Selva Zoque, Mexico: an important Mesoamerican tropical region for reptile species diversity and conservation. ZooKeys 1054: 127-153 - get paper here Campbell, J.A. 2000. A new species of venomous coral snake (Serpentes: Elapidae) from high desert in Puebla, Mexico. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 113 (1): 291-297 - get paper here Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 1989. The Venomous Reptiles of Latin America. Comstock Publishing/Cornell University Press, Ithaca Fraser,D.F. 1964. Micrurus limbatus, a new coral snake from Veracruz, Mexico. Copeia 1964 (3): 570-573 - get paper here Greene, Brian D ; Wilkinson, Robert F Jr; Powell, Robert 1998. Micrurus limbatus. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 678: 1-3 - get paper here Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp Liner, Ernest A. 2007. A CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF MEXICO. Louisiana State University Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science 80: 1-60 - get paper here Perez-Higareda, G., and H. M. Smith. 1990. The endemic coral snakes of the Los Tuxlas region, southern Veracruz, Mexico. Bull. MaryIand Herpetol. Soc. 26 (1): 5-13 - get paper here Torre-Loranca, M.A. de la; Aguirre-León, G. & López-Luna, M.A. 2006. Coralillos verdaderos (Serpentes: Elapidae) y Coralillos falsos (Serpentes: Colubridae) de Veracruz, México. Acta Zoologica Mexicana 22 (3): 11-22 - get paper here Torres-Hernández, LA, Ramírez-Bautista A, Cruz-Elizalde R, Hernández-Salinas U, Berriozabal-Islas C, DeSantis DL, Johnson JD, Rocha A, García-Padilla E, Mata-Silva V, Fucsko LA, and Wilson LD. 2021. The herpetofauna of Veracruz, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 15(2) [General Section]: 72–155 - get paper here Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List https://www.facebook.com/groups/stshc/posts/274758021415470/ Google images

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