Anguis cephallonica WERNER, 1894

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Higher Taxa	Anguidae (Anguinae), Diploglossa, Anguimorpha, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Peloponnese Slow Worm
Synonym	Anguis fragilis var. cephallonica WERNER 1894 Anguis fragilis peloponnesiacus STEPANEK 1937 Anguis fragilis fragilis — WERMUTH 1969 Anguis fragilis peloponnesiacus — BISCHOFF & BISCHOFF 1980 Anguis fragilis peloponnesiacus — MEYER 1985 Anguis cephalonnicus — GRILLITSCH & CABELA 1990 Anguis cephallonicus — ENGELMANN et al 1993 Anguis cephallonicus — ARNOLD 2002 Anguis cephalonicus [sic] — RUTSCHKE et al. 2005 Anguis cephallonicus — TRAPP 2007 Anguis cephallonica — GVOŽDÍK et al. 2010 Anguis cephallonica — GVOŽDIK et al. 2013 Anguis cephallonicus — KWET & TRAPP 2014
Distribution	S Greece (Peloponnes, Zakynthos and Kephallenia Islands) Type locality: Lagune Kotavos bei Argostoli, Berg Agios Georgios und Sami auf Kephallonia; Berg Skopos auf der Insel Zante.
Reproduction	ovovivparous
Types	Lectotype: NMW 31631:6 (juvenile) Lectotype: NMP P6V-005301, designated by Grillitsch & Cabela 1990: 149 [peloponnesiacus]
Diagnosis
Comment	Taxonomy: Gvoždík et al. (2013) suggested to distinguish 5 genetic species of Anguis: graeca, colchica, fragilis, cinerea, and cephallonica. A detailed morphological analysis of the entire genus is under preparation (Benkovsky ́ et al., in preparation). Distribution: see map in Jablonski et al. 2016: 3 (Fig. 1), Jablonski et al. 2021: Fig. 1. Limb morphology: Limbless. Karyotype: 2n = 44 (Altmanová et al. 2022)
Etymology	Named after the type locality, the Greek island of Kephallonia.
References	Altmanová, M., Doležálková-Kaštánková, M., Jablonski, D., Strachinis, I., Vergilov, V., Vacheva, E., ... & Gvoždík, V. 2022. Karyotype stasis but species-specific repetitive DNA patterns in Anguis lizards (Anguidae), in the evolutionary framework of Anguiformes Research Square - get paper here Altmanová, M., Doležálková-Kaštánková, M., Jablonski, D., Strachinis, I., Vergilov, V., Vacheva, E., ... & Gvoždík, V. 2023. Karyotype stasis but species-specific repetitive DNA patterns in Anguis lizards (Squamata: Anguidae), in the evolutionary framework of Anguiformes. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, zlad153 Arnold, E.N. 2002. Reptiles and Amphibians of Europe. Princeton Field Guides Bamann, Thomas; Ines Aust und Dominik Hauser 2021. Quer übers griechische Festland auf Vipernsuche im Corona-Sommer. Elaphe 2021 (2): 26-37 Engelmann, W.E. et al. 1993. Lurche und Kriechtiere Europas. Neumann Verlag (Radebeul, Germany), 440 pp. Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248 Grillitsch, H. & A. Cabela 1990. Zum Systematischen Status der Blindschleichen (Squamata: Anguidae) der Peloponnes und der südlichen Ionischen Inseln. Herpetozoa 2 (3/4): 131-153. - get paper here Gvoždík, Václav; David Jandzik, Petros Lymberakis, Daniel Jablonski, Jiří Moravec 2010. Slow worm, Anguis fragilis (Reptilia: Anguidae) as a species complex: Genetic structure reveals deep divergences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 55 (2): 460-472 - get paper here GVOŽDÍK, VÁCLAV; ZDENĚK HARCA, ALEXANDRA HÁNOVÁ, DANIEL JABLONSKI, MIHAILS PUPINS, ANDRIS ČEIRĀNS & TIMO PAASIKUNNAS. 2021. Two species of slow worm (Anguis fragilis, A. colchica) present in the Baltic region. Amphibia-Reptilia 42(3): 383-389. - get paper here Gvoždík, Václav; Norbert Benkovský, Angelica Crottini, Adriana Bellati, Jirí Moravec, Antonio Romano, Roberto Sacchi, David Jandzik 2013. An ancient lineage of slow worms, genus Anguis (Squamata: Anguidae), survived in the Italian Peninsula. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 69 (3): 1077–1092; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.05.004 - get paper here Jablonski, D., Sillero, N., Oskyrko, O., Bellati, A., Čeirāns, A., Cheylan, M., Cogălniceanu, D., Crnobrnja-Isailović, J., Crochet, P., Crottini, A., Doronin, I., Džukić, G., Geniez, P., Ilgaz, Ç., Iosif, R., Jandzik, D., Jelić, D., Litvinchuk, S., L 2021. The distribution and biogeography of slow worms (Anguis, Squamata) across the Western Palearctic, with an emphasis on secondary contact zones. Amphibia-Reptilia 42 (4): 519–530 - get paper here Jablonski, Daniel; David Jandzik; Peter Mikulíček, Georg Džukić, Katarina Ljubisavljević, Nikolay Tzankov, Dušan Jelić, Evanthia Thanou, Jiří Moravec and Václav Gvoždík 2016. Contrasting evolutionary histories of the legless lizards slow worms (Anguis) shaped by the topography of the Balkan Peninsula. BMC Evolutionary Biology 16:99; DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0669-1 - get paper here Kwet, A. 2010. Reptilien und Amphibien Europas. Kosmos-Verlag, Stuttgart, 252 pp. Kwet, Axel & Benny Trapp 2014. Liste der Reptilien Europas. Draco 15 (60): 72-79 - get paper here Kwet, Axel & Benny Trapp 2014. Reptilien in Europa – eine aktuelle Übersicht. Draco 15 (60): 6-25 - get paper here Mayer, W., H. Grillitsch & A. Cabela 1991. Proteinelektrophoretische Untersuchungen zur Systematik der südgriechischen Blindschleiche (Squamata: Anguidae). Herpetozoa 4 (3/4): 157-165.<br> - get paper here Mikulíček, P., D. Jablonski, M. Páleník, V. Gvoždík & D. Jandzik 2018. Characterization of microsatellite markers in the genera Anguis and Pseudopus (Reptilia: Anguidae). Salamandra 54 (2): 158-162 - get paper here Mlíkovský, Jiří; Petr Benda, Jiří Moravec & Radek Šanda 2011. Type specimens of recent vertebrates in the collections of the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic. Journal of the National Museum (Prague), Natural History Series 180 (10): 133-164 Rutschke, J.; Koepe, D. & Deichsel, G. 2005. Beobachtungen zu anthropogenen Einflüssen auf die Reptilienfauna des Peloponnes (Griechenland). Herpetofauna 25 (143): 17-28 [2003/2004] - get paper here Sindaco, R. & Jeremcenko, V.K. 2008. The reptiles of the Western Palearctic. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 579 pp. - get paper here Stèpànek, O. 1937. Anguis fragilis peloponnesiacus n. ssp. Zool. Anz. 118 (3/4): 107-110 Strachinis, Ilias; Dimitris Aravanis 2017. Additions to the known herpetofauna of the Island of Ithaki, Ionian Sea, Greece. Herpetozoa 30 (1/2): 64 - 66 - get paper here Strzała, Tomasz; Renata Grochowalska, Bartłomiej Najbar, Peter Mikulíček, David Jandzik, Petros Lymberakis & Daniel Jablonski 2016. Complete mitochondrial genome of the endemic legless lizard Anguis cephallonica Werner, 1894 and its comparison with mitogenome of Anguis fragilis Linnaeus, 1758. Mitochondrial DNA, DOI:10.1080/23802359.2015.1137834 - get paper here Thanou, Evanthia, Sinos Giokas and Pangiotis Kornilios. 2014. Phylogeography and genetic structure of the slow worms Anguis cephallonica and Anguis graeca (Squamata: Anguidae) from the southern Balkan Peninsula. Amphibia-Reptilia 35 (2): 263-269 - get paper here Trapp, B. 2007. Reptilien und Amphibien des griechischen Festlandes. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 300 pp. - get paper here Werner, F. 1894. Die Reptilien- und Batrachierfauna der jonischen Inseln. Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 44: 225-237 - get paper here Zauner, Jochen 2023. Herpetologische Beobachtungen auf dem Peloponnes (Griechenland). Sauria 45 (4): 1-17
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://www.hylawerkgroep.be/jeroen/index.php?id=28 http://www.seh-herpetology.org/images/atlas/pdf/squamata/angcep.pdf http://herpatlas.gr/herp-finder/anguis-cephallonica/ Google images

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