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Acutotyphlops banaorum WALLACH, BROWN, DIESMOS & GEE, 2007

IUCN Red List - Acutotyphlops banaorum - Data Deficient, DD

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Higher TaxaTyphlopidae (Asiatyphlopinae), Typhlopoidea, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Balbalan Blind Snake 
SynonymAcutotyphlops banaorum WALLACH, BROWN, DIESMOS & GEE 2007
Acutotyphlops banaorum — HEDGES et al. 2014
Acutotyphlops banaorum — WALLACH et al. 2014: 8 
DistributionN Philippines (Luzon: Kalinga Province)

Type locality: irrigation ditch in a muddy area of water pools near Barangay Balbalasang, Municipality of Balbalan, Kalinga Province, Luzon Island, The Philippines (17°29’N, 121°03’E), 900 m elevation.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: PNM 9280 (formerly FMNH 259604; field number GVAG 219), a juvenile male collected by G. V. A. Gee on 28 March 2001. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Acutotyphlops banaorum can be distinguished from all Typhlopidae except Papua/Solomon Acutotyphlops by any of the following characters: (1) V-shaped lower jaw; (2) short, narrow rostral; (3) an enlarged frontorostral shield; (4) occipital condyle formed solely from the basioccipital; and (5) acuminate contact of four braincase bones (parietal and basisphenoid, frontal and prootic) forming an X-shaped pattern. From the Papua/ Solomon Acutotyphlops it can be separated by the presence of (1) a single ocular and preocular shield (vs. fragmentation into 6–10 shields), (2) three infralabials (vs. 5–7 shields), (3) fourth supralabial as tall as long (vs. at least twice as long as tall), (4) uniformly light dorsum and venter with irregular dark dorsal spots (vs. dark dorsum and light venter separated by a sharp demarcation), and absence of (5) retrocloacal sacs, and (6) a solid, awned hemipenis with helical coils in tail when retracted. 
CommentType species: Acutotyphlops banaorum WALLACH et al. 2007 is the type species (and single species) of the genus Martinwellstyphlops HOSER 2012.

Synonymy: The genera Martinwellstyphlops HOSER 2012 and Swiletyphlops HOSER 2012 have been rejected and synonymized with Acutotyphlops by KAISER et al. 2013. 
Etymologynamed in recognition of the Banao tribespeoples of the Central Cordillera. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Gojo-Cruz, Paul Henric P. and Leticia E. Afuang 2018. The Zoogeographic Significance of Caraballo Mountain Range, Luzon Island, Philippines With Focus on the Biogeography of Luzon’s Herpetofauna. Philippine Journal of Science 147 (3): 393-409 - get paper here
  • Hedges, S.B., Marion, A.B., Lipp, K.M., Marin, J. & Vidal, N. 2014. A taxonomic framework for typhlopid snakes from the Caribbean and other regions (Reptilia, Squamata). Caribbean Herpetology 49: 1–61 - get paper here
  • Leviton, Alan E.; Cameron D. Siler, Jeffrey L. Weinell, and Rafe M. Brown 2018. Synopsis of the Snakes of the Philippines. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 64 (14): 399-568 - get paper here
  • Wallach, V.; Brown, R.M.; Diesmos, A.C. & Gee, G.V.A. 2007. An Enigmatic New Species of Blind Snake from Luzon Island, Northern Philippines, with A Synopsis of The Genus Acutotyphlops (Serpentes: Typhlopidae). Journal of Herpetology 41 (4): 690-702 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Weinell, Jeffrey L.; Errol Hooper, Alan E. Leviton, Rafe M. Brown 2019. Illustrated Key to the Snakes of the Philippines. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 66 (1): 1-49 - get paper here
 
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