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Adelphostigma occipitalis (JAN, 1863)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae, Echinantherini), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Cobra-Corredeira, Cobra-Capim, Cobra-do-Capim, Cobra-do-Folhiço, Cobra-Rainha, Corre-Campo, Corredeira-do-Campo, Corredeira-Pintada, Corredeirinha, Jararaquinha 
SynonymEnicognathus occipitalis JAN 1863
Dromicus (Lygophis) Wuchereri GÜNTHER 1863: 325
Enicognathus occipitalis — JAN 1866
Dromicus miolepis BOETTGER 1891: 345
Rhadinaea occipitalis — BOULENGER 1894: 347
Liophis occipitalis — AMARAL 1929: 89
Liophis occipitalis — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 179
Rhadinaea occipitalis — DUELLMAN 1991
Echinanthera occipitalis — DI-BERNARDO 1992
Rhadinaea occipitalis — CEI 1993
Taeniophallus occipitalis — MYERS & CADLE 1994
Echinanthera occipitalis — DI BERNARDO 1996
Taeniophallus occipitalis — LEYNAUD & BUCHER 1999: 35
Taeniophallus occipitalis — CAMPOS NOGUEIRA 2001
Echinantera occipitalis — ROCHA et al. 2004 (in error)
Taeniophallus occipitalis — SCHARGEL et al. 2005
Taeniophallus occipitalis — DUELLMAN 2005: 383
Echinanthera occipitalis — DI BERNARDO 2005
Echinanthera occipitalis — SCROCCHI et al. 2006: 84
Taeniophallus occipitalis — MYERS & MCDOWELL 2014: 41
Taeniophallus occipitalis — GUEDES et al. 2014
Taeniophallus occipitalis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 697
Taeniophallus gr. occipitalis — RONCOLATTO-ORTIZ et al. 2017
Taeniophallus occipitalis — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019
Adelphostigma occipitalis — ABEGG et al. 2022 
DistributionNE Peru southeastwards through Bolivia (Beni) and Paraguay to N Argentina (Córdoba, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán, Salta, Formosa, Chaco, Corrientes),
Colombia [Castro,F. (pers. comm.)], S Brazil (Rondonia, Pará [HR 35: 83], Amazonas, Sergipe, S Ceará, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Piauí, Paraíba), Uruguay

Type locality: Bahia, Brazil.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntype: ZMH R04423 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): “Adelphostigma can be recognized by presenting (1) usually eight supralabials, with 2nd touching the loreal and 3rd–5th touching the orbit; (2) 15/15/15 or 15/15/13 dorsal scale rows without apical pits; (3) a conspicuous pale canthal line and a middorsal pattern composed of dark-brown blotches in the anterior region that are gradually replaced by paired spots toward the tail; (4) immaculate midventral portion of the body; (5) hemipenis unilobed or slightly bilobed, unycaliculate and unicapitate, with an asulcate interspinal gap interrupted by an enlarged central spine approximately at the midorgan; (6) a nude, usually deep and proximally open pocket immediately below the capitulum (Figures 4B,C, 5D, E, 7D and Table 1).” (Abegg et al. 2022)


Additional details (2220 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentGroup: belongs to the “Rhadinaea brevirostris group” sensu Myers (1974) or the occipitalis group of Taeniophallus (sensu Schargel et al., 2005).

Type species: Enicognathus occipitalis JAN 1863 is the type species of the genus Adelphostigma ABEGG et al. 2022. 
EtymologyThe genus was named after the Greek words αδελφóς(adelphos = twin,brother) and στíγμα (stigma = mark, brand, spot) (Liddell and Scott, 1883; Brown, 1954), in reference to the paired dorsal spots typical of the species here included in this new genus. The genus name is feminine. 
References
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