Adelphostigma quadriocellata (SANTOS, DI-BERNARDO & DE LEMA, 2008)
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Adelphostigma quadriocellata
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| Higher Taxa | Colubridae (Dipsadinae, Echinantherini), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | |
| Synonym | Taeniophallus quadriocellatus SANTOS, DI-BERNARDO & DE LEMA 2008 Rhadinaea occipitalis — CUNHA & NASCIMENTO 1978: 94 Rhadinaea occipitalis — CUNHA & NASCIMENTO 1993: 94 Rhadinaea occipitalis — CUNHA et al. 1985: 64 Taeniophallus occipitalis — YUKI & SANTOS 1996: 45, 49 Taeniophallus occipitalis — ÁVILA-PIRES & HOOGMOED 1997: 396, 400 Taeniophallus occipitalis — BERNARDI et al., 2002: 537 Echinanthera occipitalis — SANTOS JR & LEMA 2004: 83 (partim) Echinanthera aff. occipitalis — FROTA et al. 2005: 213 (partim) Taeniophallus quadriocellatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 697 Taeniophallus quadriocelatus — VAZ-SILVA et al. 2015 (in error) Taeniophallus quadriocellatus — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 Adelphostigma quadriocellata — ABEGG et al. 2022 |
| Distribution | Brazil (Eastern Amazonia), elevation 800 Type locality: Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Estac¸ão Científica Ferreira Penna (01°42’30’’S and 51°31’45’’W), Melgac¸o municipality, Pará, Brazil. |
| Reproduction | |
| Types | Holotype: MPEG 20144, adult male, 11 February 2002 by E. F. Santos. |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis: Taeniophallus quadriocellatus is distinguished from all congeners, except T. occipitalis in having 15-15-15 or 15-15-13 rows of dorsal scales (vs. 19-19-17, 17-17-17, or 17-1715), a vertebral series of dark paired spots extending from the first third of trunk to posterior portion of tail, and by the presence of a large spine in medium-basal region on the asulcate side of the organ (see Schargel et al., 2005 for color pattern and hemipenial morphology of other Taeniophallus species). Additionally, T. quadriocellatus can be distinguished from members of the T. affinis species group (sensu Schargel et al., 2005) by the presence of eight, rarely nine, supralabials (vs. seven) and nine, occasionally eight or seven infralabials (vs. eight, rarely seven or nine). Furthermore, the new species differs from T. bilineatus, T. brevirostris, T. nebularis, T. persimilis, and T. poecilopogon by having of 168–192 ventral scales (vs. 140–157, 137–166, 156, 123–137, and 145–163, respectively). It is also different from T. brevirostris and T. nebularis by the presence of 64–86 subcaudal scales (vs. 36–61 and 92, respectively). Taeniophallus quadriocellatus can be distinguished from T. occipitalis by the presence of four white ocelli bordered with black on the occipital region and anterior portion of trunk (Figs. 1, 2; vs. ocelli present or absent on the occipital region, always absent in the anterior portion of trunk) and the absence of small spines on the lateral surfaces of hemipenis at the level of the large basal spine on the asulcate side (vs. spines present) [from SANTOS et al. 2008]. |
| Comment | |
| Etymology | The specific epithet is a Latin adjective, in allusion to the four white ocelli bordered with black, located on the occipital region and beginning of the trunk. |
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