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Afroedura major ONDERSTALL, 1984

IUCN Red List - Afroedura major - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Swazi Flat gecko, Major Rock Gecko 
SynonymAfroedura pondolia major ONDERSTALL 1984: 500
Afroedura major — BRANCH 1998: 234
Afroedura major — RÖSLER 2000: 57
Afroedura major — ALEXANDER & MARAIS 2007
Afroedura major — MASHININI & MAHLANGU 2013
Afroedura major — NICOLAU et al. 2025 
DistributionEswatini (Swaziland), Republic of South Africa (Mpumalanga)

Type locality: Black Umbeluzi Falls (26°16’ S 31°09’ E), ±1100 m elevation, Hhohho District, Swaziland.  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: DNMNH (= TM) 41498, adult male, collected by D. Onderstall, 29 December 1971. 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 2549 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentDistribution: further localities in  MASHININI & MAHLANGU 2013. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin major, large, great, big. ["...The name refers to the large size of this subspecies being by farthe largest member of the pondolia species group…"]. 
References
  • Barts, M. & Hulbert, F. 2004. Die Geckos der Welt. Draco 5 (18): 4-17 - get paper here
  • Barts, M.; Hulbert, F. & Haacke, W.D. 2005. Beobachtungen zur Eignung abgestorbener Aloe marlothii als Unterschlupf für Echsen im nordöstlichen Südafrika. Sauria 27 (1): 15-17 - get paper here
  • Bates, M.F.; Branch, W.R., Bauer, A.M.; Burger, M., Marais, J.; Alexander, G.J. & de Villliers, M.S. (eds.) 2014. Atlas and Red List of the Reptiles of South Africa, Lesotho, and Swaziland. Suricata 1. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 512 pp.
  • Branch, W. R. 1998. Field Guide to the Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. 3rd ed. Fully Revised and Updated to Include 83 New Species. Ralph Curtis Books (Sanibel Island, Florida), 399 pp.
  • JACOBSEN, NIELS H. G.; ARIANNA L. KUHN, TODD R. JACKMAN & AARON M. BAUER 2014. A phylogenetic analysis of the southern African gecko genus Afroedura Loveridge (Squamata: Gekkonidae), with the description of nine new species from Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa. Zootaxa 3846 (4): 451–501 - get paper here
  • Mashinini, P. L. and Mahlangu, L. M. 2013. An annotated catalogue of the types of gekkonid lizards (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) in the Herpetology collection of the Ditsong National Museum of Natural History, South Africa. Annals of the Ditsong National Museum of Natural History 3: 165-181
  • Nicolau, G. K., Jackson, E. A., & Bauer, A. M. 2025. Eswatini’s only endemic vertebrate is no more: new record extends the range of the Swazi Flat Gecko, Afroedura major Onderstall, 1984, into South Africa. Herpetology Notes, 18, 247-252
  • Onderstall, D. 1984. Descriptions of two new subspecies of Afroedura pondolia (Hewitt) and a discussion of species groups within the genus (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). Annals Transvaal Museum 33: 497-509 - get paper here
  • Power, J.H. 1935. A contribution to the herpetology of Pondoland. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1935: 333-346
  • Rösler, H. 2000. Kommentierte Liste der rezent, subrezent und fossil bekannten Geckotaxa (Reptilia: Gekkonomorpha). Gekkota 2: 28-153
  • Tolley, K.A., Conradie, W., Pietersen, D.W., Weeber, J., Burger, M. & Alexander, G.J. (eds) 2023. Conservation status of the reptiles of South Africa, Eswatini and Lesotho. Suricata 10. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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