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Afrotyphlops angolensis (BOCAGE, 1866)

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Higher TaxaTyphlopidae (Afrotyphlopinae), Typhlopoidea, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Angola blind snake 
SynonymOnychocephalus angolensis BOCAGE 1866: 46, 65
Typhlops (Onychocephalus) congicus BOETTGER 1887: 650
Typhlops congicus — BOULENGER 1893: 40
Typhlops adolfi STERNFELD 1910: 70
Typhlops tornieri STERNFELD 1911: 615
Typhlops dubius CHABANAUD 1916: 364
Typhlops intermedius — SCHMIDT 1923: 47 (part. ? fide BROADLEY)
Typhlops tornieri — SCHMIDT 1923: 50 (fide BROADLEY)
Typhlops lestradei WITTE 1933: 206
Typhlops blanfordi lestradei — LOVERIDGE 1942: 254
Typhlops ochraceus LAURENT 1952: 269
Typhlops angolensis adolfi — LAURENT 1956: 55
Typhlops angolensis angolensis — LAURENT 1956: 349
Typhlops angolensis dubius — LAURENT 1956: 367
Typhlops angolensis irsaci LAURENT 1956: 57
Typhlops angolensis polylepis LAURENT 1956: 56
Typhlops congicus lestradei — LAURENT 1956: 74
Typhlops angolensis adolfi — LAURENT 1958: 120
Typhlops angolensis symoensi LAURENT 1960
Typhlops angolensis — LAURENT 1964: 422
Typhlops angolensis — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 90
Rhinotyplops angolensis — CHIRIO & INEICH 2006
Afrotyphlops angolensis — BROADLEY & WALLACH 2009
Afrotyphlops angolensis — HEDGES et al. 2014
Afrotyphlops angolensis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 14
Afrotyphlops angolensis — SPAWLS et al. 2018: 343 
DistributionAngola, W Cameroon, S Central African Republic, Gabon, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire), Congo, W Kenya, Uganda, N Tanzania, N Zambia, Equatorial Guinea

Type locality: Duque de Bragança, Angola  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MB T79.1134 (Museu Bocage) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: It can be casily distinguished from T. punctatus, T. boulengeri, T. schmidti, T. gierrai, and T. rondoensis by the shape and relations of the prefrontal and the supraocular; the same species (except rondoensis) are also different in the location of the eye, as is T. congestus which can further be distinguished from T. angolensis by its thickness. T. obtusus is, on the contrary, more slender than any population of angolensis, and T. fornasinii is very ditterent in its size and its small longitudinal count of scales. A spotted pattern such as many species have with a varying frequency is never encountered. (Laurent 1964)


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CommentSynonymy: Typhlops kaimosae LOVERIDGE 1935 has been considered as a synonym of A. angolensis. Boulenger 1893: 43 listed Onychocephalus angolensis as a synonym of Typhlops punctatus.

Similar species: punctatus, intermedius, blanfordi.

Description in BROADLEY & WALLACH 2009.

Distribution: For a map with localities in Equatorial Guinea see SÁNCHEZ-VIALAS et al. 2022.

Type species: Onychocephalus angolensis BOCAGE 1866: 46, 65 is the type species of the genus Swiletyphlops Hoser 2012: 13, which Hoser apparently erected based on the phylogeny in Vidal et al. 2010. 
EtymologyNamed after its distribution in Angola. 
References
  • Bocage,J.V. du B. 1866. Lista dos reptis das possessões portuguezas d'Africa occidental que existem no Museu Lisboa. Jorn. Sci. Math. Phys. Nat. Lisboa 1: 37-56 - get paper here
  • Boettger, OSKAR 1887. Diagnoses reptilium novorum ad ilI. viro Paul Hesse in finnibus fluminis Congo repetorum. Zool. Anz. 10 (267): 649-651 - get paper here
  • Böhme, Wolfgang; Eberhard Fischer & Harald Hinkel 2023. Reptilien aus dem Irangi Forest, Provinz Kivu-Süd, Demokratische Republik Kongo. Sauria 45 (4): 29
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here
  • Broadley, D.G.; Doria, C.T. & Wigge, J. 2003. Snakes of Zambia. An Atlas and Field Guide. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 280 pp. [review in Sauria 26 (3): 21]
  • Broadley, Donald G. & Wallach, V. 2009. A review of the eastern and southern African blind-snakes (Serpentes: Typhlopidae), excluding Letheobia Cope, with the description of two new genera and a new species. Zootaxa 2255: 1-100 - get paper here
  • Broadley, Donald G. and F. P. D. Cotterill. 2004. The reptiles of southeast Katanga, an overlooked 'hot spot'. [Congo]. African Journal of Herpetology 53 (1): 35-61. - get paper here
  • Chabanaud, P. 1916. Enumération des Ophidiens non encore étudiés de l'Afrique occidentale, appartenant aux Collections du Muséum avec le description des espèces et des variétés nouvelles. Bull. Mus. natn. Hist. nat. Paris 22: 362-382 - get paper here
  • Chifundera, K. 1990. Snakes of Zaire and their bites. Afr. Stud. Monogr. (Kyoto) 10(3): 137-157.
  • Chippaux, Jean-Philippe & Kate Jackson 2019. Snakes of Central and Western Africa. Johns Hopkins University Press, 448 pp. [detaileld review in HR 51 (1): 161] - get paper here
  • Chirio, L. & Lebreton, M. 2007. Atlas des reptiles du Cameroun. MNHN, IRD, Paris 688 pp.
  • Chirio, Laurent and Ivan Ineich 2006. Biogeography of the reptiles of the Central African Republic. African Journal of Herpetology 55(1):23-59. - get paper here
  • CONRADIE, WERNER; NINDA L. BAPTISTA, LUKE VERBURGT, CHAD KEATES, JAMES HARVEY, TIMOTEO JULIO & GOTZ NEEF. 2021. Contributions to the herpetofauna of the Angolan Okavango-Cuando-Zambezi river drainages. Part 1: Serpentes (snakes). Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 15(2): 244–278. - get paper here
  • Gower, D.; Garrett, K. & Stafford, P. 2012. Snakes. Firefly Books, Buffalo, NY,<br>144 p..
  • Hedges, S.B., Marion, A.B., Lipp, K.M., Marin, J. & Vidal, N. 2014. A taxonomic framework for typhlopid snakes from the Caribbean and other regions (Reptilia, Squamata). Caribbean Herpetology 49: 1–61 - get paper here
  • Laurent, R. F. 1952. Reptiles et batraciens nouveaux de la région des Grands Lacs africains. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr., Bruxelles, 46: 269-279
  • Laurent, R.F. 1956. Contribution à l'herpetologie de la région des Grandes Lacs de l'Afrique centrale. Ann. Mus. Roy. Congo Belge (Sci. Zool.), 48: 1-390
  • Laurent, R.F. 1958. Notes herpétologiques africaines II. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 58 (1–2): 115–128
  • Laurent, R.F. 1964. A Revision of the punctatus Group of African Typhlops. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 130 (6): 387-444 - get paper here
  • Loveridge, A. 1935. Scientific results of an expedition to rain forest regions in Eastern Africa. I. New reptiles and amphibians from East Africa. Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harvard 79: 1- 19. - get paper here
  • Loveridge, A. 1942. Scientific results of a fourth expedition to forested areas in east and central Africa. IV. Reptiles. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 91: 237-373 - get paper here
  • Marques, Mariana P.; Luis M. P. Ceríaco , David C. Blackburn , and Aaron M. Bauer 2018. Diversity and Distribution of the Amphibians and Terrestrial Reptiles of Angola -- Atlas of Historical and Bibliographic Records (1840–2017). Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (Ser. 4) 65: 1-501 (Supplement II)
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Pauwels, O. S. G., T. Biyogho Bi Essono II, P. Carlino, L. Chirio, B. Huijbregts, T. E. J. Leuteritz, D. Rousseaux, E. Tobi, C. Vigna and W. Van Neer 2017. Miscellanea Herpetologica Gabonica VII. Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 52: 1 - get paper here
  • Pauwels, O.S.G. & Vande Weghe, J.P. 2008. Les reptiles du Gabon. Smithsonian Institution, Washington: 272 pp. - get paper here
  • Pietersen, Darren, Verburgt, Luke & Davies, John 2021. Snakes and other reptiles of Zambia and Malawi. Struik Nature / Penguin Random House South Africa, 376 pp., ISBN 9781775847373
  • Pitman,C.R.S. 1974. A guide to the snakes of Uganda. Codicote, Wheldon & Wesley, L., 290 pp.
  • Roux-Estève, R. 1970. Influence de l’altitude sur la variation intraspécific de Typhlops angolensis (Bocage) et de Typhlops lineolatus Jan (Serpentes, Typhlopidae). Comp. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris 270 (D): 2185-2187
  • SÁNCHEZ-VIALAS, A., CALVO-REVUELTA, M. & DE LA RIVA, I. 2022. Synopsis of the terrestrial Reptiles of Equatorial Guinea. Zootaxa 5202 (1): 1-197 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, K. P. 1923. Contributions to the herpetology of the Belgian Congo based on the collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition, 1909-1915. Part II. Snakes, with field notes by Herbert Lang and James P. Chapin. Bull. Amer. Mus. nat. Hist. 49 (1): 1-146 - get paper here
  • Spawls, S.; Howell, K.; Drewes, R.C. & Ashe, J. 2002. A field guide to the reptiles of East Africa. Academic Press, 543 pp. [reviews in HR 34: 396 and Afr. J. Herp. 51; 147] - get paper here
  • Spawls, Steve; Kim Howell, Harald Hinkel, Michele Menegon 2018. Field Guide to East African Reptiles. Bloomsbury, 624 pp. - get paper here
  • Sternfeld, R. 1910. Neue Schlangen aus Kamerun, Abessynien und Deutsch-Ostafrika. Mitt. zool. Mus. Berlin 5: 67-70 - get paper here
  • Trape, J.-F. 2023. Guide des serpents d’Afrique occidentale, centrale et d’Afrique du Nord. IRD Éditions, Marseille, 896 pp.
  • Witte, G. F. de 1933. Description d'un Typhlops nouveau provenant du Ruanda. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr., Bruxelles, 23 (2): 206-207
 
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