Ameivula mumbuca (COLLI, CALDWELL, COSTA, GAINSBURY, GARDA, MESQUITA, FILHO, SOARES, SILVA, VALDUJO, VIEIRA, VITT, WERNECK, WIEDERHECKER & ZATZ, 2003)
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Ameivula mumbuca
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| Higher Taxa | Teiidae, Teiinae, Gymnophthalmoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | Portuguese: Calango, Calanguinho, Iguaninha |
| Synonym | Cnemidophorus mumbuca COLLI et al. 2003 Ameivula mumbuca — HARVEY et al. 2012 Ameivula mumbuca — SANTOS et al. 2023 |
| Distribution | Brazil (Tocantins, Piaui) Type locality: adjacent to Escola Municipal Dona Isabel Barreira de Oliveira (10° 15' 46.02" S, 46° 33' 55.69" W), ca. 35 km NW of Mateiros, Município de Mateiros, Tocantins state, Brazil, elevation about 428 m. |
| Reproduction | oviparous |
| Types | Holotype: UNB 28466 (also as CHUNB for the Coleção Herpetológica) |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis: A species distinguished from all other members of the lemniscatus group by the following combination of characters: (1) small size, maximum SVL 59 mm for males and 57 mm for females, mean SVL 49.47 ± 7.43, n = 223; (2) 14–20 femoral pores; (3) 19–27 scales around tail; (4) 194–271 dorsals; (5) vertebral field light; (6) dorsolateral stripes incomplete; (7) upper lateral stripes continuous; (8) anal spurs absent; (9) ventral caudals smooth; (10) dorsal caudals keeled; and (11) fixed clutch size of one egg. Cnemidophorus mumbuca differs from C. littoralis in having 24–29 ventral rows (30–38 in C. littoralis), 14–20 femoral pores (28–36), 19–27 scales around tail (25–34), and 194–271 dorsals (168–191). Cnemidophorus mumbuca differs from C. ocellifer in having 14–20 femoral pores (16–28 in C. ocellifer), dorsolateral stripes incomplete, not reaching supraciliary region (continuous in most individuals), smaller body size (maximum SVL 118 mm, Vitt, 1983), and a fixed clutch size of one egg (1 to 5 eggs, Vitt, 1983). Cnemidophorus mumbuca differs from C. abaetensis in having 14–20 femoral pores (21–30 in C. abaetensis, Dias et al., 2002), 24–29 transverse rows of ventrals (29–35), dorsal aspect of tail brownish green (bright blue green to emerald green), smaller body size (maximum SVL 72 mm), and in lacking a dorsal tail stripe (bright green dorsal tail stripe). Cnemidophorus mumbuca differs from C. nativo in having 14–20 femoral pores (22–26 in C. nativo, Rocha et al., 1997), 24–29 ventral rows (29–32), brownish green dorsum (black with a faint midorsal stripe), and smaller body size (maximum 69 mm). Cnemidophorus mumbuca differs from C. parecis in having 0–2 pairs of chinshields not in contact with infralabials (1–3 in C. parecis), 24–29 ventral rows (29–35), 6–8 ventrals in trans-verse row (8–10), 14–20 femoral pores (25–33), 4–7 prefemorals (5–12), 19–27 scales around tail (34–47), and dorsolateral stripes incomplete. Cnemidophorus mumbuca differs from C. lemniscatus in having 9–13 infralabials (15–19 in C. lemniscatus, Colli et al., 2003), 14–20 femoral pores (44–54), 7–9 infratibial rows (9–12), and ventral caudals smooth (keeled). Cnemidophorus mumbuca differs from C. gramivagus in having 14–20 femoral pores (40–51 in C. gramivagus, Colli et al., 2003), 9–13 infralabials (13–18), 24–29 transverse rows of ventrals (29–33), 7–9 infratibial rows (9–14), dorsolateral stripes incomplete (complete), and ventral caudals smooth (keeled). Cnemidophorus mumbuca differs from C. cryptus in having 9–13 infralabials (13-17 in C. cryptus, Colli et al., 2003), 14–20 femoral pores (38–48), dorsolateral stripes incomplete (complete), and ventral caudals smooth (keeled) [from COLLI et al. 2003] |
| Comment | Group: this species belongs to the ocellifer group, distinguished by the presence of granules in the supraorbital semicircles, a lower number of femoral pores (less than 40), and the absence of preanal spurs (Rocha et al., 2000, Colli et al., 2003). |
| Etymology | Named after a small community of African descendents who migrated from the state of Bahia to the Jalapão region in 1908. This matriarchal community comprises approximately 22 families that survive from the production of handicraft using a locally abundant grass, called “Capim-dourado” (goldengrass, Syngonanthus nitens). |
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