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Amphisbaena prunicolor (COPE, 1885)

IUCN Red List - Amphisbaena prunicolor - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaAmphisbaenidae, Amphisbaenia, Lacertoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Plum-colored Worm Lizard
Portuguese: Anfisbena-Marrom, Cobra-de-Duas-Cabeças-Marrom 
SynonymAporarchus prunicolor COPE 1885: 189
Amphisbaena darwini — BOULENGER 1885: 297 (in part)
Aporarchus prunicolor — VANZOLINI 1953
Amphisbaena prunicolor prunicolor— GANS 1966: 246
Amphisbaena prunicolor — PETERS et al. 1970: 35
Amphisbaena prunicolor— VANZOLINI 2002: 358
Amphisbaena prunicolor — GANS 2005: 19
Amphisbaena prunicolor — PEREZ et al. 2012
Amphisbaena prunicolor — PEREZ & BORGES-MARTINS 2019 
DistributionN Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones), SE Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul to Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro), Paraguay

Type locality: Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, probably São João do Monte Negro (”where the prinicpal collections were made by H. Smith”) (see Vanzolini 1953)  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ANSP 12969. 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 3708 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSubspecies: Amphisbaena prunicolor albocingulata BOETTGER 1885 is not considered as a valid species.

Synonymy: Boulenger (1885) synonymized Aporarchus prunicolor to Amphisbaena darwini, based on the evidence that the holotype was a young specimen in which the pores are undistinguishable (or absent), observation also seen in young specimens of A. darwini by Boulenger (1885).

Type Species: Aporarchus prunicolor COPE 1885 is the type species of the genus Aporarchus which is distinguished from Amphisbaena only by the lack of precloacal pores. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin prunus, a plum-tree + Latin color, color; pigment; shade/tinge. (COPE 1885, Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., April 2024) 
References
  • Alvarez B B 1996. Geographic Distribution. Amphisbaena prunicolor prunicolor. Herpetological Review 27 (1): 31 - get paper here
  • AVILA, LUCIANO JAVIER; LORENA ELIZABETH MARTINEZ & MARIANA MORANDO 2013. Checklist of lizards and amphisbaenians of Argentina: an update. Zootaxa 3616 (3): 201–238 - get paper here
  • Bailliez, J.; Wagner, J.; Smith, P.; Smith, R.L. 2024. Natural history notes: Amphisbaena prunicolor (Plum-colored Amphisbaena). Predation. Herpetological Review 55 (1): 91.
  • Boettger, O. 1885. Liste von Reptilien und Batrachiern aus Paraguay. Zeitschr. Naturw. 58 (3): 213-248 - get paper here
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1885. Twelfth contribution to the herpetology of tropical America. Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 22: 167-194 [1884] - get paper here
  • Costa, H. C. 2024. Reidentification of a 19th century specimen reveals the first record of Amphisbaena hogei Vanzolini, 1950 (Squamata, Amphisbaenidae) in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Evolutionary Systematics, 8, 273-278 - get paper here
  • Entiauspe-Neto, Omar Machado; Tângela Denise Perleberg and Marco Antonio de Freitas 2016. Herpetofauna from an urban Pampa fragment in southern Brazil: composition, structure and conservation. Check List 12(5): 1964 - get paper here
  • Gans, C. 1966. Studies on amphisbaenids (Amphisbaenia, Reptilia). 3. The small species from southern South America commonly identified as Amphisbaena darwini. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 134: 185-260. - get paper here
  • Gans, C. 2005. CHECKLIST AND BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE AMPHISBAENIA OF THE WORLD. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 289: 1-130 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • LANGNER, C. 2019. Die geheimnisvollen Doppelschleichen (Amphisbaenia) - ein Leben im Untergrund Elaphe 2019 (6): 14-21
  • Montero, Ricardo and Jorge Céspedez 2002. New two-pored Amphisbaena (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae) from Argentina. Copeia 2002 (3): 792-797 - get paper here
  • Moura, M.R., Costa, H.C., Abegg, A.D., Alaminos, E., Angarita-Sierra, T., Azevedo, W.S., Cabral, H., Carvalho, P., Cechin, S., Citeli, N., Dourado, A.C.M., Duarte, A.F.V., França, F.G.R., Freire, E.M.X., Garcia, P.C.A., Mol, R., Montero, R., Moraes-d 2022. Unwrapping broken tails: Biological and environmental correlates of predation pressure in limbless reptiles. Journal of Animal Ecology. 92(2):324–337 - get paper here
  • Perez, R. & Borges-Martins, M. 2019. Integrative taxonomy of small worm lizards from Southern South America, with description of three new species (Amphisbaenia: Amphisbaenidae). Zool. Anz. 283: 124–141 - get paper here
  • PEREZ, RENATA; SÍRIA RIBEIRO & MÁRCIO BORGES-MARTINS 2012. Reappraisal of the taxonomic status of Amphisbaena prunicolor (Cope 1885) and Amphisbaena albocingulata Boettger 1885 (Amphisbaenia: Amphisbaenidae). Zootaxa 3550: 1–25 - get paper here
  • Peters, James A.; Donoso-Barros, Roberto & Orejas-Miranda, Braulio 1970. Catalogue of the Neotropical Squamata: Part I Snakes. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 297: 347 pp. - get paper here
  • Ribeiro, S.; Vaz-Silva, W. & Santos Jr, A.P. 2008. New pored Leposternon (Squamata, Amphisbaenia) from Brazilian Cerrado. Zootaxa 1930: 18–38 - get paper here
  • ROCHA, CARLOS FREDERICO D.; HELENA G.BERGALLO, JOSÉ P. POMBAL JR., LENA GEISE, MONIQUE VAN SLUYS, RONALDO FERNANDES, ULISSES CARAMASCHI 2004. FAUNA DE ANFÍBIOS, RÉPTEIS E MAMÍFEROS DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO, SUDESTE DO BRASIL. Publ. Avul. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro (104): 3-23 - get paper here
  • Souza Filho, G.A.; L.Verrastro 2012. Reptiles of the Parque Estadual de Itapuã, state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Check List 8(5):847-851 - get paper here
  • Souza Filho, Gilberto Alves de; Fernanda Stender de Oliveira 2015. Squamate reptiles from Mauá Hydroelectric Power Plant, state of Paraná, southern Brazil. Check List 11 (6): 1800 - get paper here
  • Strussmann, Christine & Tami Mott 2009. Sympatric amphisbaenids from Manso Dam region, Mato Grosso State, Western Brazil, with the description of a new two-pored species of Amphisbaena (Squamata, Amphisbaenidae). Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 44 (1): 37 – 46 - get paper here
  • Vanzolini, P.E. 1953. On the Type Locality of Some Brazilian Reptiles and Amphibians Collected by H. H. Smith and Described by E. D. Cope. Copeia 1953 (2): 124-125 - get paper here
  • Vanzolini, P.E. 2002. AN AID TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE SOUTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF AMPHISBAENA (SQUAMATA, AMPHISBAENIDAE). Pap. Avul. Zool., Sao Paulo 42(15):351-362 - get paper here
  • Zaher, Hussam; Fausto Erritto BarboI; Paola Sanchez Martínez; Cristiano Nogueira; Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues; Ricardo Jannini Sawaya 2011. Répteis do Estado de São Paulo: conhecimento atual e perspectivas. Biota Neotropica, 11 (1): 1–15. - get paper here
 
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