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Amphisbaena brevis STRÜSSMANN & MOTT, 2009

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Higher TaxaAmphisbaenidae, Amphisbaenia, Lacertoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymAmphisbaena brevis STRÜSSMANN & MOTT 2009 
DistributionBrazil (Mato Grosso)

Type locality: near km 63 of the paved road MT 351 (14°57’22’’S, 55°52’00’’W), 70 km north of Cuiabá, municipality of Chapada dos Guimarães, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype: ZUEC 2834, male, road killed, collected on 16 December 2001 by Christine Strüssmann. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Among the two-pored species of Amphisbaena, A. brevis sp. n. has only 139 body annuli, while A. dubia Müller, 1924, A. mitchelli Procter, 1923, A. leeseri Gans, 1964, A. miringoera Vanzolini, 1971, and A. hiata Montero & Ce´ spedez, 2002 have more than 200. Amphisbaena brevis sp. n. can be easily distinguished from A. silvestrii Boulenger, 1902, A. neglecta Dunn & Piatt, 1936, A. crisae Vanzolini, 1997 and A. anaemariae Vanzolini, 1997 by the belly that lacks pigment, in striking contrast with the heavily pigmented ventral surface of the tail, and the least number of body annuli (139 instead of more than 150 for the other species). It can be further distinguished from these four species by a higher number of dorsal midbody segments (18 instead of 10–12, 12–14, 10, and 14–16, respectively). The new species differs from A. trachura Dume´ ril & Bibron, 1839 and A. heterozonata Burmeister, 1861 by the lower number of body annuli (139 instead of 178–199 and 190–207, respectively), and lower number of midbody ventral segments (14 instead of 16–22 and 15–22).
 
CommentAbundance: only known from the type locality (Meiri et al. 2017). This is one of the species called 'lost' and 'rediscovered' by Lindken et al. 2024.

Morphology: This species is one of ~20 species of Amphisbaena with two precloacal pores (Ribeiro et al. 2019). 
EtymologyNamed after the Latin word brevis, meaning short. It refers to the general appearance of the holotype, and addresses the most remarkable trait of this two-pored species: the lowest number of body annuli among all species presently known in the genus Amphisbaena. 
References
  • Lindken T.; Anderson, C. V., Ariano-Sánchez, D., Barki, G., Biggs, C., Bowles, P., Chaitanya, R., Cronin, D. T., Jähnig, S. C., Jeschke, J. M., Kennerley, R. J., Lacher, T. E. Jr., Luedtke, J. A., Liu, C., Long, B., Mallon, D., Martin, G. M., Meiri, 2024. What factors influence the rediscovery of lost tetrapod species? Global Change Biology, 30: 1-18 - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • PINNA, PEDRO H.; ANDRÉ F. MENDONÇA; ADRIANA BOCCHIGLIERI & DANIEL S. FERNANDES 2010. A new two-pored Amphisbaena Linnaeus from the endangered Brazilian Cerrado biome (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae). Zootaxa 2569: 44–54 - get paper here
  • RIBEIRO, SÍRIA; JERRIANE O. GOMES, HELDER LÚCIO RODRIGUES DA SILVA, CARLOS EDUARDO D. CINTRA, NELSON JORGE DA SILVA JR. 2016. A new two-pored species of Amphisbaena (Squamata, Amphisbaenidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado, with a key to the two-pored species of Amphisbaena. Zootaxa 4147 (2): 124–142 - get paper here
  • RIBEIRO, SÍRIA; VÂNIA SÁ, ALFREDO P. SANTOS-JR, ROBERTA GRABOSKI, HUSSAM ZAHER, ANDREI G. GUEDES, SHEILA P. ANDRADE, WILIAN VAZ-SILVA 2019. A new species of the Amphisbaena (Squamata, Amphisbaenidae) from the Brazilian Cerrado with a key for the two-pored species. Zootaxa 4550 (3): 301–320 - get paper here
  • Strussmann, Christine & Tami Mott 2009. Sympatric amphisbaenids from Manso Dam region, Mato Grosso State, Western Brazil, with the description of a new two-pored species of Amphisbaena (Squamata, Amphisbaenidae). Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 44 (1): 37 – 46 - get paper here
  • Teixeira, Mauro; Francisco Dal Vechio, Antonio Mollo Neto, and Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues 2014. A New Two-Pored Amphisbaena Linnaeus, 1758, from Western Amazonia, Brazil (Amphisbaenia: Reptilia). South American J. Herp. 9 (1): 62-74. - get paper here
 
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