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Anolis pulchellus DUMÉRIL & BIBRON, 1837

IUCN Red List - Anolis pulchellus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaAnolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Puerto Rican bush anole, Puerto Rican Anole, Snake Anole
Spanish: Lagartijo de las yerbas 
SynonymAnolis pulchellus DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837: 97
Dactyloa (Heterolepis) pulchella — FITZINGER 1843: 66
Anolis pulchellus — GRAY 1845: 204
Anolis pulchellus — BOULENGER 1885: 67
Anolis pulchellus — STEJNEGER 1904: 660
Anolis pulchellus — FOWLER 1918
Anolis pulchellus — GRANT 1932
Ctenonotus pulchellus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 117
Anolis pulchellus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 319
Anolis pulchellus — BRANDLEY & DE QUEIROZ 2004
Ctenonotus pulchellus — NICHOLSON et al. 2012
Ctenonotus pulchellus — NICHOLSON et al. 2018 
DistributionPuerto Rico, Isla Vieques, Isla Culebra, Virgin Islands, isla de Cabras (near San Juan, Puerto Rico), Frenchman Cay (British Virgin Islands, e.g. Anegada)

Type locality: see comment  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: MNHN-RA 0796, MNHN-RA 0796A and MNHN-RA 2423 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1645 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentFor illustrations see Stejneger, 1904; Schmidt, 1928; Rivero, 1978; MacLean, 1982; Grobman, 1983; Schwartz and Henderson, 1985.

Ecomorph class: grass-bush.

Terra typica: Martinique (in error).

Species group: Ctenonotus cristatellus species group (fide NICHOLSON et al. 2012).

Hybridizatioin: A. krugi hybridizes with A. pulchellus (Farleigh et al. 2023). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin “pulchellus” = pretty. 
References
  • Barbour, T. 1917. Notes on the herpetology of the Virgin Islands. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 30: 97-103. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Brandley, M.C. & De Queiroz, K. 2004. Phylogeny, ecomorphological evolution, and historical biogeography of the Anolis cristatellus series. Herpetological Monographs 18: 90-126 - get paper here
  • Carey, W.M. 1972. The Herpetology of Anegada, British Virgin Islands. Carib. J. Sci. 12(1/2): 79-89.
  • Cooper Jr., W.E. 2005. Duration of movement as a lizard foraging movement variable. Herpetologica 61 (4): 363-372 - get paper here
  • de Queiroz, Kevin and Losos, Jonathan B. 2017. Anolis pulchellus (Puerto Rican Grass-bush Anole) and Sphaerodactylus macrolepis (Big-scaled Dwarf Gecko) Predator-prey interaction. Herpetological Review 48 (1): 184 - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1837. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 4. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 570 pp. - get paper here
  • Farleigh, K., Ascanio, A., Farleigh, M. E., Schield, D. R., Card, D. C., Leal, M., Castoe, T. A., Jezkova, T., & Rodríguez-Robles, J. A. 2023. Signals of differential introgression in the genome of natural hybrids of Caribbean anoles. Molecular Ecology, 00, 1–18 - get paper here
  • Fitzinger, L. 1843. Systema Reptilium, fasciculus primus, Amblyglossae. Braumüller et Seidel, Wien: 106 pp. - get paper here
  • Fleishman, Leo J.; Maya G. F. Prebish & Manuel Leal <br /> 2020. The Effects of Limited Visual Acuity and Context on the Appearance of Anolis Lizard Dewlaps. Journal of Herpetology 54 (3): 355-360 - get paper here
  • Fowler, H. W. 1918. Some amphibians and reptiles from Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Publ. Carnegie Inst. Washington, 252: 1-16.
  • Gavrilets, S. & Losos, J.B. 2009. Adaptive radiation: contrasting theory with data. Science 323: 732-737 - get paper here
  • Gorman, G.C. & R. Harwood 1977. Notes on Population Density, Vagility, and Activity Patterns of the Puerto Rican Grass Lizard, Anolis pulchellus (Reptilia, Lacertilia, Iguanidae) Journal of Herpetology 11 (3): 363-368. - get paper here
  • Goto, M.M. & M.A. Osborne 1989. Nocturnal Microhabitats of Two Puerto Rican Grass Lizards, Anolis pulchellus and Anolis krugi Journal of Herpetology 23 (1): 79-81. - get paper here
  • Grant, C. 1932. Herpetological notes from the Puerto Rico area. J. Dept. Agric. Puerto Rico 16 (1): 161-165
  • Gray, J. E. 1845. Catalogue of the specimens of lizards in the collection of the British Museum. Trustees of die British Museum/Edward Newman, London: xxvii + 289 pp. - get paper here
  • Grobman, A.B. 1983. The lizards of Virgin Gorda. Naturegraph Publ., Inc., Happy Camp, CA:5-23.
  • Harper, S., Fallick, S., Hake, T., Feliciano-Rivera, F. A., & Elden, J. M. 2023. Opportunistic Records of Herpetofauna in Mainland Puerto Rico with photographic accounts of species and habitat. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society, 58(9), 150-157 - get paper here
  • Heatwole, H., D.S. Sade & R. Hildreth 1963. Herpetogeography of Puerto Rico. I. Herpetofauna of Cayo Santiago and Cayo Batata. Carib. J. Sci. 3 (1): 1-5. - get paper here
  • Heatwole, H.; Ortiz, E.;Diaz-Collazo, A. M.;Jiminez-Velez, A. R. 1962. Aquatic tendencies in the Puerto Rican pasture-lizard, Anolis pulchellus. Herpetologica 17 (4): 272-274 - get paper here
  • Huie, Jonathan M; Ivan Prates, Rayna C Bell, Kevin de Queiroz 2021. Convergent patterns of adaptive radiation between island and mainland Anolis lizards. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 134 (1): 85–110 - get paper here
  • INGRAM, T.; S.T. GIERY & J.B. LOSOS. 2022. Hierarchical partitioning of multiple niche dimensions among ecomorphs, species and sexes in Puerto Rican anoles. Journal of Zoology 318(2): 127-134. - get paper here
  • Losos, J. B. 2009. Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree: Ecology and Adaptive Radiation of Anoles. Berkeley: University of California Press, 528 pp. - get paper here
  • Losos, J.B. 2007. Detective Work in the West Indies: Integrating Historical and Experimental Approaches to Study Island Lizard Evolution. BioScience 57 (7): 585-597 - get paper here
  • MacLean, W.P. 1982. Reptiles and amphibians of the Virgin Islands. MacMillan Caribbean, London: vii + 54 pp.
  • Mayer, G.C. & Lazell, J. 1988. Distributional records for reptiles and amphibians from the Puerto Rico Bank. Herpetological Review 19 91): 23-24 - get paper here
  • Medina, Iliana; Jonathan B. Losos andD. Luke Mahler 2016. Evolution of dorsal pattern variation in Greater Antillean Anolis lizards. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, DOI: 10.1111/bij.12881 - get paper here
  • Nelson, Claire M V, and Terry J Ord. 2022. Identifying Potential Cues of Species Identity in Complex Animal Signals. Animal Behaviour 186: 121–36 - get paper here
  • NICHOLSON, KIRSTEN E.; BRIAN I. CROTHER, CRAIG GUYER & JAY M. SAVAGE 2012. It is time for a new classification of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae). Zootaxa 3477: 1–108 - get paper here
  • NICHOLSON, KIRSTEN E.; BRIAN I. CROTHER, CRAIG GUYER & JAY M. SAVAGE 2018. Translating a clade based classification into one that is valid under the international code of zoological nomenclature: the case of the lizards of the family Dactyloidae (Order Squamata). Zootaxa 4461 (4): 573–586 - get paper here
  • Philibosian, R.; Yntema, J. A. 1978. Records and status of some reptiles and amphibians in the Virgin Islands. II. 1975-1976. Herpetologica 34 (1): 47-51 - get paper here
  • Poe, S. 2004. Phylogeny of anoles. Herpetological Monographs 18: 37-89 - get paper here
  • Poe, S. 2013. 1986 Redux: New genera of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae) are unwarranted. Zootaxa 3626 (2): 295–299 - get paper here
  • Rios-López, N. & Aide, T.M. 2007. Herpetofaunal dynomics during secondary succession. Herpetologica 63 (1): 35-50 - get paper here
  • Rivero, J.A. 1978. Los anfibios y reptiles de Puerto Rico. M. Pareja Montana, 16, Barcelona, Espafia: x + 152 + 148pp.
  • Schmidt, K.P. 1928. Scientific Survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands: Amphibians and land reptiles of Porto Rico, with a list of those reported from the Virgin Islands. New York Academy of Sciences 10 (1):160 pp.
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp.
  • Schwartz, A. and Henderson, R.W. 1985. A guide to the identification of the amphibians and reptiles of the West Indies exclusive of Hispaniola. Milwaukee Public Mus., 165 pp.
  • Stejneger, L. 1904. The herpetology of Porto Rico. Rept. United States Natl. Mus. 1902: 549-724. - get paper here
  • Yuan, M. L., M. H. Wake, and I. J. Wang. 2019. Phenotypic integration between claw and toepad traits promotes microhabitat specialization in the Anolis adaptive radiation. Evolution 73: 231–244 - get paper here
 
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