Anolis peynadoi MERTENS, 1939
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Anolis peynadoi
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| Higher Taxa | Anolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | E: Western Hispaniola Green Anole, Northern Hispaniolan green anole, Hispaniolan green anole |
| Synonym | Anolis chloro-cyanus peynadoi MERTENS 1939: 65 Anolis chloro-cyanus — BARBOUR 1930 (in part.) Anolis chloro-cyanus — BARBOUR 1935 (in part.) Anolis chloro-cyanus — BARBOUR 1937 (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus — WILLIAMS 1965 (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus chlorocyanus — SCHWARTZ & THOMAS 1975 (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus — SCHWARTZ 1980 (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus chlorocyanus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988 (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus chlorocyanus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991 (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus — GARCÍA et al. 1994 (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus — POWELL et al. 1991 (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus — POWELL et al. 1996 (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus chlorocyanus — RAMOS & POWELL 2001b (in part.) Anolis chlorocyanus chlorocyanus — HENDERSON & POWELL 2009 (in part.) Anolis peynadoi — KÖHLER & HEDGES 2016 |
| Distribution | W Hispaniola (south and west of the Cordillera Central), elevation 0-940 m. Type locality: “Südlich von Fondo Negro, unterer Rio Yaque del Sur”, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic |
| Reproduction | oviparous |
| Types | Holotype: SMF 26201, adult male |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis: A moderate-sized to moderately large species of Anolis that differs from all other Hispaniolan congeners except a species described below (i.e., our Species D of this species complex) by the combination of having (1) predominantly green overall coloration in life (capable of rapid color change to brown); (2) a white subocular stripe and a white streak onto lateral neck usually present, most obvious in life (3) relatively short hind legs (fourth toe of adpressed hind leg reaching to ear opening or only slightly beyond ear opening); (4) the ventral scales at midbody smooth; (5) 39–47 subdigital lamellae on Phalanges II–IV of Toe IV of hind limbs; (6) male dewlap bluish green or brown (after metachrosis) with a suffusion of black pigment on posterior portion and with cream to yellow on anterior portion in life, gorgetals large and irregularly arranged, especially on posterior portion of dewlap. Among the Anolis species occuring treated in this contribution, A. peynadoi is most similar to A. chlorocyanus, A. cyanostictus and a species described below (our Species D of this complex). Anolis peynadoi differs from A. chlorocyanus and A. cyanostictus by (1) having the the posterior portion of the dewlap skin in males solid black with widely spaced gorgetal scales (vs. only a weak suffusion of black pigment on the posterior portion of the male dewlap with less widely spaced gorgetal scales in A. chlorocyanus); (2) a white streak on upper lip usually present, most obvious in life (vs. no white streak in A. chlorocyanus); (3) a more robust habitus (vs. a more slender habitus in A. chlorocyanus). Anolis peynadoi differs further from A. chlorocyanus by having moderately to greatly enlarged outer postmental scales, about three time the size of adjacent medial scales (vs. slightly to moderately enlarged outer postmental scales, less than three time the size of adjacent medial scales in A. chlorocyanus). Anolis peynadoi differs further from A. cyanostictus by the absence of pale brown blotches above and anterior to shoulder as well as immediately posterior to eye (vs. such blotches present in A. cyanostictus) and by having smooth ventrals at midventer (vs. slightly keeled in A. cyanostictus). Anolis peynadoi differs from the species related to A. coelestinus by having (1) a bicolored dewlap with a darker posterior portion and with regularly spaced more or less homogeneous gorgetal scales (vs. dewlap yellowish green or brown in life dewlap with longitudinal or oblique double rows of gorgetal scales); (2) 17–21, usually <28 loreal scales in a maximum of 3–4 rows (vs. 18–60, usually >28 loreal scales in a maximum of 3–7 rows); and (3) a brown to reddish brown iris in life (vs. a blue iris). Anolis peynadoi differs from the species related to A. aliniger and A. singularis by (1) having a longer tail with a ratio tail length / SVL >1.7, usually >2.0 (vs. <1.7); (2) a distinct white subocular stripe that continues as a white streak onto lateral neck (vs. no such stripe and streak); (3) usually >38 subdigital lamellae on Phalanges II–IV of Toe IV of hind limbs; and (4) no conspicuously dark colored distal portion of tail in front of pale colored tail tip (vs. such a tail color pattern present, most obvious in life). For differences between A. peynadoi and the species described below, see account of the new species [Köhler & Hedges 2016: 66]. |
| Comment | Illustrations: Mertens, 1939 Distribution: see map in KÖHLER & HEDGES 2016: 58 (Fig. 40). Synonymy: after KÖHLER & HEDGES 2016. Not listed by Nicholson et al. 2018. Conservation. Given its usual abundance wherever this species occurs along with its relatively large geographical range, we consider the conservation status of Anolis peynadoi to be Least Concern based on the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN, 2012). Species group: Deiroptyx chlorocyana species group (fide NICHOLSON et al. 2012). |
| Etymology | Named after Dr. Peynado, the (former) president of the Dominican Republic. |
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