Anolis zapotecorum KÖHLER, TREJO-PÉREZ, PETERSEN & MÉNDEZ DE LA CRUZ, 2014
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Anolis zapotecorum
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| Higher Taxa | Anolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | |
| Synonym | Anolis zapotecorum KÖHLER, TREJO PÉREZ, PETERSEN & MÉNDEZ DE LA CRUZ 2014: 48 Norops zapotecorum —MATA-SILVA et al. 2015 Norops zapotecorum — NICHOLSON et al. 2018 Anolis zapotecorum — HEIMES 2022 |
| Distribution | Mexico (Oaxaca) Type locality: Pluma Hidalgo (15.942410°N, 96.430440°W), 1350 m, Estado de Oaxaca, Mexico |
| Reproduction | oviparous |
| Types | Holotype: SMF 96425, an adult male; collected 4 March 2013 by Gunther Köhler and Raúl Gómez Trejo Pérez. Field tag number GK- 4369. Paratypes. IBH 26997–27004, SMF 96418–24, 96426–27, same collecting data as holotype. IBH 26998–27001, 27003–27004, SMF 96419, 96421–22, 96424, 96426–27 are males, IBH 26997, 27002, SMF 96418, 96420, 96423 are females. |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis: A small species (our Species E of the A. nebuloides complex, see above; SVL in largest male 50.0 mm, largest female 47.0 mm) of the genus Anolis (sensu Poe 2004) that differs from all Mexican and Central American anoles except A. nebuloides, A. nietoi, A. megapholidotus, and A. stevepoei by having a combination of (1) strongly keeled ventral scales; (2) usually a patch of three greatly enlarged supraocular scales; (3) 10–12 rows of greatly enlarged dorsal scales that are larger than ventral scales; (4) short hind legs, longest toe of adpressed hind leg usually reaching to posterior margin of eye, occasionally to a point between levels of ear opening and eye or to mideye (to ear opening in single female), ratio shank length/SVL 0.24–0.29; (5) circumnasal usually in contact with first supralabial; and (6) a large pink dewlap in males and a very small pink dewlap in females (Fig. 33). Anolis zapotecorum differs from A. nebuloides, A. nietoi, and A. megapholidotus by having (1) a rather gradual transition over 3 to 4 scales between the enlarged dorsal scales and lateral body scales (vs. a more abrupt transition over only 1 or 2 scales); (2) the edges of the field of enlarged dorsal scale rows forming an undulating line due to single enlarged scales or groups thereof outside the main field (vs. the edges of this field forming well defined and in a more or less straight line) (3) and by having a pink male dewlap (vs. more reddish). Anolis zapotecorum differs from A. stevepoei in hemipenial morphology (lobes well developed with two apical fields void of ornamentation—one on each lobe, and without a flap-like structure at tip of apex in A. zapotecorum vs. lobes rudimentary with a single apical field void of ornamentation, and with a flap-like structure at tip of apex in A. stevepoei) and in the average values of several morphometric and pholidotic characters, most obvious in (1) number of midventral scales in one head length; (2) dorsal scales between levels of axilla and groin; and (3) subdigital lamellae on Phalanges II–IV of Toe IV (see Table 8 in Köhler et al. 2014). |
| Comment | |
| Etymology | The name zapotecorum refers to the Zapotecan people. The Zapotec civilization was an indigenous pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca. Many people in the range of Anolis zapotecorum still speak the ancient Zapotec language. |
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