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Anolis sminthus DUNN & EMLEN, 1932

IUCN Red List - Anolis sminthus - Endangered, EN
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Higher TaxaAnolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Mouse Anole 
SynonymAnolis sminthus DUNN & EMLEN 1932: 26
Norops sminthus — VILLA et al. 1988
Norops sminthus — KÖHLER 2000: 63
Norops sminthus — NICHOLSON 2002
Norops sminthus — NICHOLSON et al. 2012
Norops sminthus — SOLIS et al. 2014
Anolis cf. sminthus — MCCRANIE & KÖHLER 2015: 70
Norops sminthus — MCCRANIE & KÖHLER 2015: 172
Norops sminthus — MCCRANIE 2015
Anolis heteropholidotus — HOFMANN & TOWNSEND 2017
Norops sminthus — NICHOLSON et al. 2018 
DistributionHonduras, El Salvador, elevation 1450-2200 m

Type locality: San Juancito, Honduras, 6900 ft. elevation  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ANSP 22946; Paratype: MCZ 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 43 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: Fitch & Seigel (1984) suggested that heteropholidotus might be a subspecies of A. sminthus and MEYER & WILSON 1971 considered it as a synonym of A. sminthus. Hofmann & Townsend 2017 confirmed its validity though.

Distribution: Not listed for Nicaragua and El Salvador by KÖHLER 2000. Not in Nicaragua fide Sunyer & Martínez-Fonseca 2023.

Species group: Norops auratus Species Group (fide Nicholson et al. 2012)

Etymology: not given by Dunn & Emlen 1932. 
EtymologyNamed after Greek sminthos (σμίνθος), mouse. [“...The mode of progression of this animal is by hops...”]. 
References
  • Diener, E. 2008. Freilandbeobachtungen an einigen Saumfingerarten (Anolis sensu lato) in Honduras. Iguana Rundschreiben 21 (2): 10-19
  • Dunn, Emmett Reid & Emlen, John T. 1932. Reptiles and amphibians from Honduras. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 84 : 21-32 - get paper here
  • Echelle,A.A.; Echelle,A.F. & FITCH,H.S. 1971. A new anole from Costa Rica. Herpetologica 27: 354-362 - get paper here
  • Fitch, H. S., & SEIGEL, R. A. 1984. Ecological and taxonomic notes on Nicaraguan anoles. Milwaukee Publ. Mus. Contrib. Biol. & Geol. No. 57, 13 pp. - get paper here
  • Hofmann, E. P., & Townsend, J. H. 2017. Origins and biogeography of the Anolis crassulus subgroup (Squamata: Dactyloidae) in the highlands of Nuclear Central America. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 17(1), 267 - get paper here
  • Hofmann, E.P., Townsend, J.H. 2020. Origins and biogeography of the Anolis crassulus subgroup (Squamata: Dactyloidae) in the highlands of Nuclear Central America. BMC Evol Biol 17, 267 (2017) - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. 1996. Notes on a collection of reptiles from El Salvador collected between 1951 and 1956. Senckenbergiana biologica 76 (1/2): 29-38
  • Köhler, G. 2000. Reptilien und Amphibien Mittelamerikas, Bd 1: Krokodile, Schildkröten, Echsen. Herpeton Verlag, Offenbach, 158 pp.
  • Köhler, G. 2008. Reptiles of Central America. 2nd Ed. Herpeton-Verlag, 400 pp.
  • Köhler, G. & J. R. MCCRANIE. 1998. Zur Kenntnis von Norops heteropholidotus (Mertens, 1952). Herpetofauna 20 (113): 12-13 - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. & M. OBERMEIER. 1998. A new species of anole of the Norops crassulus group from central Nicaragua (Reptilia: Sauria: Iguanidae). Senckenbergiana biologica 77 (2): 127-137. - get paper here
  • KÖHLER, GUNTHER 2014. Characters of external morphology used in Anolis taxonomy—Definition of terms, advice on usage, and illustrated examples. Zootaxa 3774 (2): 201–257 - get paper here
  • Köhler,G., McCranie,J.R. & Wilson,L.D. 1999. Two new species of anoles of the Norops crassulus group from Honduras (Reptilia: Sauria: Polychrotidae). Amphibia-Reptilia 20 (3): 279-298 - get paper here
  • McCranie J R; Wilson L D; Williams K L 1992. A new species of anole of the Norops crassulus group (Sauria: Polychridae) from northwestern Honduras. Carib. J. Sci. 28 (3-4): 208-215
  • McCranie, James R. 2015. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with additions, comments on taxonomy, some recent taxonomic decisions, and areas of further studies needed. Zootaxa 3931 (3): 352–386 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R. 2018. The Lizards, Crocodiles, and Turtles of Honduras. Systematics, Distribution, and Conservation. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Special Publication Series (2): 1- 666 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R. and Gunther Köhler 2015. The Anoles (Reptilia: Squamata: Dactyloidae: Anolis: Norops) of Honduras. Systematics, Distribution, and Conservation. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard (Special Publication Series, No. 1): 1-280 [review in Q. J. Biol. 91: 227] - get paper here
  • Mertens, R. 1952. Die Amphibien und Reptilien von El Salvador. Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. (Frankfurt) (No. 487): 120 pp.
  • Meyer, J. R., & WILSON, L. D. 1971. Taxonomic studies and notes on some Honduran amphibians and reptiles. Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., 70: 106-114. - get paper here
  • Nicholson KE, C. Guyer, and JG Phillips 2017. Biogeographic Origin of Mainland Norops (Squamata: Dactyloidae). Assumptions Inhibiting Progress in Comparative Biology (eds. Crother and Parenti), pp. 169–184
  • Nicholson, K.E. 2002. Phylogenetic analysis and a test of the current infrageneric classification of Norops (beta Anolis). Herpetological Monographs 16: 93-120 - get paper here
  • NICHOLSON, KIRSTEN E.; BRIAN I. CROTHER, CRAIG GUYER & JAY M. SAVAGE 2012. It is time for a new classification of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae). Zootaxa 3477: 1–108 - get paper here
  • NICHOLSON, KIRSTEN E.; BRIAN I. CROTHER, CRAIG GUYER & JAY M. SAVAGE 2018. Translating a clade based classification into one that is valid under the international code of zoological nomenclature: the case of the lizards of the family Dactyloidae (Order Squamata). Zootaxa 4461 (4): 573–586 - get paper here
  • Poe, S. 2004. Phylogeny of anoles. Herpetological Monographs 18: 37-89 - get paper here
  • Poe, S. 2013. 1986 Redux: New genera of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae) are unwarranted. Zootaxa 3626 (2): 295–299 - get paper here
  • Poe, Steven 2025. A Guide to the Anolis Lizards (Anoles) of Mainland Central and South America. Princeton University Press, 432 pp. - get paper here
  • Solís, J. M., L. D. Wilson, and J. H. Townsend. 2014. An updated list of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with comments on their nomenclature. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1: 123–144 - get paper here
  • Townsend, Josiah H.; Larry David Wilson 2009. New Species of Cloud Forest Anolis (Squamata: Polychrotidae) in the crassulus Group from Parque Nacional Montaña de Yoro, Honduras. Copeia, 2009 (1): 62-70 - get paper here
  • Villa, J., Wilson, L.D., Johnson, J.D. 1988. Middle American Herpetology - A Bibliographic Checklist. University of Missouri Press, 132 pp [review in Copeia 1989 (3): 802]
  • Wilson, L.D. & McCranie, J.R. 2003. The herpetofauna of the cloud forests of Honduras. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 3 (1): 34-48 - get paper here
  • Wilson, Larry David and James R. McCranie 2002. Update on the list of reptiles know from Honduras. Herpetological Review 33 (2):90-94 - get paper here
 
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