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Anolis vermiculatus COCTEAU, 1837

IUCN Red List - Anolis vermiculatus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaAnolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Cuban Stream Anole, Vinales Anole 
SynonymAnolis vermiculatus COCTEAU in DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837: 128
Ptychonotus (Deiroptyx) vermiculatus — FITZINGER 1843: 17, 66
Anolis vermiculatus — BOULENGER 1885: 41
Deiroptyx vermiculatus — BARBOUR & RAMSDEN 1919: 130
Anolis vermiculatus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 91
Anolis vermiculatus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 353
Anolis vermiculatus — RODRÍGUEZ SCHETTINO 1999: 272
Anolis vermiculatus — NICHOLSON et al. 2005
Deiroptyx vermiculata — NICHOLSON et al. 2012
Deiroptyx vermiculata — NICHOLSON et al. 2018 
DistributionCuba (Pinar del Rio)

Type locality: Cuba; restricted by Ruibal, 1964, to Viñales, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: MNHN-RA 2349 and MNHN-RA 2407 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (Deiroptyx): Support for this genus is based on 47 apomorphies including five morphological features and 42 molecular ones. There are three unequivocal morphological features: size of interparietal scale increased (7: u to m); decreased mean number of ventral scales in 5% of snout-to-vent length (20: s to n); and pterygoid teeth present (71: z to a). There are 14 unequivocal molecular apomorphies (see Appendix II, NICHOLSON et al. 2012: 23).
 
CommentFor illustrations see Stejneger, 1917; Barbour and Ramsden, 1919; Peters, 1970, Flaschendräger 2002.

Habitat: (semi-) aquatic species! (Baeckens et al. 2021)

Type species: Anolis vermiculatus is the type species of Deiroptyx FITZINGER 1843 (SAVAGE & GUYER 2004).

Fossil species: Deiroptyx dominicana (Rieppel 1980)

Species group: Deiroptyx vermiculata species group (fide NICHOLSON et al. 2012). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin vermiculata, arranged to give an effect of wavy lines.

This generic name Deiroptyx is derived from the Greek deir = hump or deire (= neck, throat) and ptyx = fold, presumably in reference to the well-developed transverse gular fold in males of this species. The name is feminine in gender. 
References
  • Baeckens, S.; M. Temmerman, S. Gorb, C. Neto, M. Whiting & R. Van Damme 2021. Convergent evolution of skin surface microarchitecture and increased skin hydrophobicity in semi-aquatic anole lizards. Journal of Experimental Biology 224(19): jeb242939 ( - get paper here
  • Barbour, T. and C. T. Ramsden. 1919. The herpetology of Cuba. Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard Coll. 47: 69-213. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1837. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 4. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 570 pp. - get paper here
  • Fitzinger, L. 1843. Systema Reptilium, fasciculus primus, Amblyglossae. Braumüller et Seidel, Wien: 106 pp. - get paper here
  • Flaschendräger, A. 2002. Beobachtungen an Anolis-Arten in der Cordillera de Guaniguanico, Provinz Pinar del Río, West-Kuba. Herpetofauna 24 (138): 5-18 - get paper here
  • Fläschendräger, Axel 2017. Beobachtungen an einigen Anolis-Arten im westlichen Kuba. Terraria-Elaphe 2017 (5): 52-63 - get paper here
  • KÖHLER, GUNTHER 2014. Characters of external morphology used in Anolis taxonomy—Definition of terms, advice on usage, and illustrated examples. Zootaxa 3774 (2): 201–257 - get paper here
  • Losos, J. B. 2009. Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree: Ecology and Adaptive Radiation of Anoles. Berkeley: University of California Press, 528 pp. - get paper here
  • Losos, Jonathan B., Manuel Leal, Richard E. Glor, Kevin de Queiroz, Paul E. Hertz, Lourdes Rodríguez Schettino, Ada Chamizo Lara, Todd R. Jackman & Allan Larson 2003. Niche lability in the evolution of a Caribbean lizard community. Nature 424: 542-545 - get paper here
  • Nicholson, K. E., R. E. Glor, J. J. Kolbe, A. Larson, S. B. Hedges, and J. B. Losos 2005. Mainland colonization by island lizards. Journal of Biogeography 32: 929–938 - get paper here
  • NICHOLSON, KIRSTEN E.; BRIAN I. CROTHER, CRAIG GUYER & JAY M. SAVAGE 2012. It is time for a new classification of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae). Zootaxa 3477: 1–108 - get paper here
  • NICHOLSON, KIRSTEN E.; BRIAN I. CROTHER, CRAIG GUYER & JAY M. SAVAGE 2018. Translating a clade based classification into one that is valid under the international code of zoological nomenclature: the case of the lizards of the family Dactyloidae (Order Squamata). Zootaxa 4461 (4): 573–586 - get paper here
  • Peters, G. 1970. Zur Taxionomie und Zoogeographie der kubanischen anolinen Eidechsen (Reptilia, Iguanide). Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 46: 197-234. - get paper here
  • Poe, S. 2004. Phylogeny of anoles. Herpetological Monographs 18: 37-89 - get paper here
  • Poe, S. 2013. 1986 Redux: New genera of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae) are unwarranted. Zootaxa 3626 (2): 295–299 - get paper here
  • Rodríguez Schettino, Lourdes (ed.) 1999. The iguanid lizards of Cuba. University Press of Florida, 428 pp.
  • Rodríguez Schettino, Lourdes; Marcellini, Dale L.; Novo Rodríguez, Julio 1987. Algunos aspectos ecológicos sobre Anolis vermiculatus (Sauria: Iguanidae) en Soroa, Pinar del Río, Cuba. Poeyana (343): 1-9
  • Rodríguez Schettino, Lourdes; Novo Rodríguez, Julio 1985. Nuevos datos etoecológicos sobre Anolis vermiculatus (Sauria: Iguanidae). Poeyana (296): 1-11
  • Rodríguez Schettino, Lourdes, Carlos A. Mancina & Vilma Rivalta González 2013. REPTILES OF CUBA: CHECKLIST AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONS. Smithsonian Herp. Inf. Serv. (144): 1-96 - get paper here
  • Ruibal, R. 1964. An annotated checklist and key to the anoline lizards of Cuba. Bull. Mus. comp. Zool. Harvard 130 (8): 475-520. - get paper here
  • Savage, J. M. and C. Guyer 2004. Application of anole lizard generic names proposed by Wagler, 1830 and Fitzinger, 1843. Amphibia-Reptilia 25 (3): 303-305 - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1988. West Indian Amphibian and Reptiles: A Checklist. Milwaukee Publ. Mus. Contr. Biol. Geol. No. 74: 264 pp. - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp.
  • Stejneger, L.H. 1917. Cuban amphibians and reptiles collected for the United States National Museum from 1899 to 1902. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 53: 259-291 - get paper here
  • Yuan, M. L., M. H. Wake, and I. J. Wang. 2019. Phenotypic integration between claw and toepad traits promotes microhabitat specialization in the Anolis adaptive radiation. Evolution 73: 231–244 - get paper here
 
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