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Anolis quimbaya MORENO-ARIAS, MÉNDEZ-GALEANO, BELTRÁN & VARGAS-RAMÍREZ, 2023

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Higher TaxaAnolidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Quimbaya anole
Spanish: Anolis quimbaya 
SynonymAnolis quimbaya MORENO-ARIAS, MÉNDEZ-GALEANO, BELTRÁN & VARGAS-RAMÍREZ 2023: 174
Anolis heterodermus — CASTAÑEDA & DE QUEIROZ 2011: 796 (ICN 11265)
Anolis heterodermus CASTAÑEDA & DE QUEIROZ 2013 (ICN 10610)
Dactyloa heteroderma — PRATES et al. 2014: 264 (MHUA-R 11265) 
DistributionColombia (Antioquia)

Type locality: Santa Elena, Medellin municipality, Antioquia department, Colombia (6.2688°N –75.4992°W, 2400 m),  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype. MHUA-R 12691. Adult male, collected by Juan Manuel Daza in May 2014.
Paratypes. MHUA-R 11265 (an adult female, 6.25545°N –75.50733°W, 2450 m), MHUA-R 12381 (an adult female, 6.236388°N –75.49442°W, 2600 m) from the same locality data of holotype, collected by Luz Mery Martínez in 2005 and Alejandro Suárez in 2011. MHUA-R 11060 (an adult male, 6.796086°N –75.72757°W, 3000 m) collected by M. Castaño in 2003, MHUA-R 11730 (an adult female, 6.648611°N –75.68056°W, 3000 m), MHUA-R 12524 (adult female, 6.61599°N –75.64796°W, 2900 m) from Belmira municipality, Antioquia department, Colombia collected by Carlos Ortiz in 2012. MHUA-R 11613 (adult female) from Girardota municipality, Antioquia department, Colombia (6.28192°N –75.42962°W, 2350 m), collected by Juan Pablo Hurtado in 2007. MHUA-R 10938 (adult male) from La Union municipality, Antioquia department, Colombia (5.977075°N –75.3641°W, 2450 m), collected by A. M, Higuita in 2003. MHUA-R 10505 (adult male) from Santa Rosa de Osos municipality, Antioquia department, Colombia (6.74081°N –75.4783°W, 2700 m), collected by Ángela Ortega in 2001. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Anolis quimbaya sp. nov. shares short limbs, a large, casqued head, a prehensile tail without caudal autotomy, and lamellar subdigital scales of all digits extending from the most proximal phalanges with the other species of the Phenacosaurus clade. Anolis quimbaya sp. nov. differs from A. proboscis, A. orcesi, A. euskalerriari and A. nicefori by the presence of granular scales surrounding dorsal heterogeneous flat scales. Anolis quimbaya sp. nov. further differs from A. heterodermus, A. richteri, A. tetarii, A. inderenae, and A. tequendama sp. nov. by an orange or green dewlap (A. vanzolinii orange only) from A. inderenae, A. heterodermus, A. richteri and A. tetarii by the presence of a discontinuous nuchal crest; from A. heterodermus and A. inderenae by the presence of a continuous row of enlarged sublabials that do not reach the mouth commissure; from A. heterodermus by a V-shaped crown. From A. vanzolinii by < 24 expanded lamellae under second and third phalange of fourth toe and < 35 lamella in total fourth toe, maximum snout-vent length 87 mm (110 mm), femoral length/snout-vent length ratio 0.17 (0.20), tail length/snout-vent ratio 1.19 (1.31), fourth toe length/snout-vent length ratio 0.13 (0.15) and sexual dimorphism in dewlap pattern.


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Comment 
EtymologyNamed after the extinct indigenous ethnic group called the Quimbaya who inhabited the central cordillera of Colombia, where the species is mainly distributed. “Los Quimbaya” in Spanish is also a noun to refer to the indigenous people belonging to the Kimbaya nation, to the people who previously spoke the Kimbaya dialect and the archaeological period when those people lived. 
References
  • Castañeda, María del Rosario; Kevin de Queiroz 2011. Phylogenetic relationships of the Dactyloa clade of Anolis lizards based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 61 (3): 784-800 - get paper here
  • Castañeda, Rosario María Del and KEVIN DE QUEIROZ 2013. Phylogeny of the Dactyloa Clade of Anolis Lizards: New Insights from Combining Morphological and Molecular Data. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 160 (7): 345-398. - get paper here
  • Moreno-Arias, R. A., Méndez-Galeano, M. A., Beltrán, I., & Vargas-Ramírez, M. 2023. Revealing anole diversity in the highlands of the Northern Andes: New and resurrected species of the Anolis heterodermus species group. Vertebrate Zoology, 73, 161-188 - get paper here
  • Prates, Ivan; Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues, Paulo Roberto Melo-Sampaio, Ana Carolina Carnaval 2014. Phylogenetic relationships of Amazonian anole lizards (Dactyloa): Taxonomic implications, new insights about phenotypic evolution and the timing of diversification. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 82: 258-268 [print 2015] - get paper here
 
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